International Journal of Innovative Approaches in Science Research (IJIASR) / Uluslararası Fen Bilimlerinde Yenilikçi Yaklaşımlar Dergisi
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A Study on the Effects of In Vitro Elicitor Applications on Shoot Development in Rose-Scented Geranium (Pelargonium graveolens L.)
No full textOne of the most widely produced essential oil–bearing plants in the world, rose-scented geranium (Pelargonium graveolens L.), is extensively used in industry. Although more than two hundred and ninety components have been identified in its essential oil, the plant is considered a high value-added species, particularly preferred in the perfumery sector due to the increasing demand for its essential oil, its broad industrial applications, and its rose-like aroma. For this reason, the development of economically feasible, environmentally friendly, and sustainable practices that can enhance productivity is of great importance. This study was conducted to determine the effects of elicitor applications on shoot development of rose-scented geranium under in vitro conditions. In the study, the effects of different doses of melatonin, methyl jasmonate (MeJA), and pectin elicitors on in vitro plant growth were comparatively evaluated. As a result of the findings obtained, significant changes were observed in various parameters depending on the type and dose of the elicitor applied. Pectin treatments, particularly at doses ranging from 50 to 150 mg%252FL, supported regenerative growth by producing values close to or higher than the control group in terms of root formation and shoot number. This indicates that pectin is an elicitor with balanced effects on plant development and low phytotoxicity. In melatonin treatments, an increase in shoot length and dry weight was observed at a low dose (10 µM)%253B however, with increasing doses, marked decreases occurred in rooting, shoot number, and biomass production. MeJA treatments suppressed root and shoot development at all doses and exhibited inhibitory effects on shoot growth, especially at medium and high doses. Overall, it was concluded that pectin may be preferred as a suitable elicitor in in vitro studies focused on regeneration and growth, melatonin may be preferred in studies aiming to enhance shoot length and biomass at low doses, whereas MeJA suppresses shoot development across all evaluated parameters and may yield unfavorable results in regeneration-oriented studies
Indoor Air Quality Assessment at Biga Vocational School
Get PDFIndoor air quality (IAQ) has gained significant importance by affecting health and occupational safety with the increase in time spent in indoor environments. In this study, IAQ at Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University Biga Vocational School was evaluated and air pollutants such as particulate matter (PM), total volatile organic compounds (TVOC) and formaldehyde (HCHO) were examined in various indoor areas such as classrooms, canteen, corridors, laboratories and conference hall. Measurements were carried out using PCE RCM 15 Air Quality Measurement Instrument over multiple periods. The results show that PM concentrations were generally within acceptable limits but increased with student density and long-term occupancy. The intermittent exceedance of recommended TVOC thresholds underscores the necessity for enhanced ventilation strategies, particularly during periods of peak occupancy. HCHO levels remained low, indicating appropriate material selection in building construction and furnishing. The study emphasizes the necessity of periodic monitoring, optimized ventilation and awareness programs to improve indoor air quality and provide a healthier learning environment. Additionally, indoor temperature and humidity values were also measured and evaluated. The measurement results are thoroughly analyzed in the final section
Effects of Cutting Management on the Feed Quality of Triticale Grain
No full textThis study was conducted to investigate the effects of cutting management practices on the grain characteristics and feeding quality of triticale (× Triticosecale Wittmack). The research was conducted over two consecutive years (2014–2016) at the Research and Application Field of the Faculty of Agriculture, Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Dardanos Campus, using a randomized complete block design with three replications. Five stubble heights (5, 7.5, 10, 12.5, and 15 cm) and five cutting frequencies (1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 times) were evaluated. Grain samples were analyzed for crude protein, crude ash, neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF), acid detergent lignin (ADL), digestible organic matter (DOM), metabolizable energy (ME), digestible energy (DE), and net energy (NE). Increasing cutting frequency and stubble height resulted in significant reductions in grain crude protein and energy contents. The highest crude protein (12.4%25), digestible organic matter (84.6%25), metabolizable energy (2.43 Mcal%252Fkg DM), and net energy (1.46 Mcal%252Fkg DM) values were obtained from the treatment cut once with a 5 cm stubble height. Conversely, higher cutting frequencies increased NDF and ADF contents, leading to lower overall feed quality. It is concluded that a single cutting at a low stubble height (5–7.5 cm) represents the most suitable management practice for maintaining the feeding quality of triticale grain. This management approach helps preserve the nutritional composition and sustain high energy values essential for animal feeding
Development of PMMoV (L3)–Resistant Breeding Lines in Pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) through the Combination of Haploidy and Molecular Marker Technologies
No full textThis study addressed the increasing need for effective and rapid breeding strategies against Pepper mild mottle virus (PMMoV), a major constraint in pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) production due to the lack of chemical control options for viral diseases. The research aimed to develop PMMoV-resistant pepper lines representing different fruit types demanded by the market by integrating SNP-based Kompetitive Allele Specific PCR (KASP) genotyping with phenotypic biotest assays and subsequently using selected resistant plants as donor material for doubled haploid (DH) line production. Five F₂ genotypes (B05, B06, B07, B08, and B10) obtained from a private sector breeding program were evaluated under controlled conditions. Seedlings were subjected to mechanical PMMoV inoculation and scored for resistance on a 1–10 scale, while KASP analysis was conducted in parallel to confirm resistance at the marker level. Across genotypes, 113–146 plants per population were biotested, and 69–108 individuals per genotype were initially classified as resistant. Combined evaluation of biotest and KASP results ultimately confirmed 23–32 resistant plants per genotype, which were transplanted and cultivated under soilless greenhouse conditions to provide flower buds for androgenesis. Anther culture was performed on MS-based induction medium, and embryo formation was monitored. Embryos were obtained from four genotypes, whereas no embryo induction occurred in B05. A total of 6, 1, 2, and 21 embryos were produced from B06, B07, B08, and B10, respectively, and 16 regenerated plants developed into spontaneous doubled haploids and successfully produced DH0 seed. Overall, the findings demonstrated that combining KASP-based marker validation with DH technology enabled the rapid development of PMMoV-resistant, fully homozygous breeding lines, supporting the advancement of domestic hybrid cultivar development and strengthening the competitiveness of local seed companies
Phytomedicine in Southeast Asia%253A Harnessing Biodiversity for Sustainable Healthcare and Economic Growth
Get PDFThe future of phytomedicine in Southeast Asia (SEA) appears promising due to the region’s diverse tropical flora, which includes nearly 50,000 known medicinal plants. This review examines current trends in medicinal plant research, the incorporation of phytomedicine into modern healthcare systems, existing challenges, and potential solutions. Recent research has highlighted the therapeutic potential of several notable SEA medicinal plants. Moreover, some countries in the SEA, such as Thailand and Vietnam, have effectively integrated traditional medicine into their modern healthcare systems. By 2026, the herbal medicine market is expected to reach USD 104.78 billion, with Southeast Asia (SEA) playing a significant role in this global economic expansion. However, conservation challenges, methodological complexities, and strict regulatory requirements hinder the practices of phytomedicine. This review emphasizes the importance of international collaboration, technological innovation, and the implementation of sustainable policies in overcoming these challenges. Therefore, phytomedicine has the potential to enhance the global economy, drive healthcare innovation, and promote sustainability by addressing key challenges and harnessing the region’s abundant biodiversit
Investigation of the Effect of Flow Dynamics and on-chip Magnet Distance on Magnetic Particles in Microfluidic Channels
No full textThis study explores the dynamics of magnetic microparticles in a magnet-integrated microfluidic chip, examining the effects of magnet distance and flow rate on particle motion. The integrated system enables compact, on-chip magnetophoresis for separating biologically important molecules and microorganisms. Experiments used Neodymium (NdFeB) magnets positioned at 10, 11, and 12 mm from the channel and flow rates of 0.5, 0.7, and 1 μl%252Fmin. At 10 mm, the magnetic field strongly influenced particle motion, causing accumulation near the channel walls, especially at lower flow rates. As the distance increased, drag forces dominated, reducing magnetic control. The highest particle accumulation (14.94%25) occurred at 10 mm with a 0.5 μl%252Fmin flow rate, while the highest percentage of particles exiting the upper outlet (60.18%25) was observed at 11 mm with 0.7 μl%252Fmin. These findings provide insights into the interplay between magnetic fields, hydrodynamic forces, and particle dynamics in microfluidic environments. They have potential applications in targeted drug delivery, diagnostics, and lab-on-a-chip technologies, where precise particle control is crucial for optimizing performance
Dyeing of Silk and Cotton Fabrics with Natural Dye Extracted from Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni and its Leaf Pulp
No full textStevia rebaudiana Bertoni is a herbaceous perennial plant in the Asteraceae family and is native to Northeast Paraguay. Its leaves contain steviol glycosides, a family of zero-calorie natural sweeteners that are 200-300 times sweeter than table sugar and can replace sucrose as well as other synthetic sweeteners. In addition to its use in the food sector, the plant is also considered to be a source of natural dyestuffs. Especially the utilization of the pulp after the extraction process is important in terms of providing a sustainable resource. In this study, the dyeing properties of stevia plant and its pulp were investigated. Silk and cotton fabrics were selected for this study. Alum [KAl(SO4)2.12H2O] and iron (II) sulfate heptahydrate [FeSO4.7H2O] were used for dyeing by pre-mordanting method. Rubbing (dry and wet) and washing fastness tests and color depths were evaluated in terms of K%252FS and CIELAB color difference values. The data obtained in this first study in the field of dyeing with stevia plant and its pulp showed that the stevia plant can be used as an important source of natural dyestuff. The color scale obtained by using different mordants and dyeing methods can be expanded. Especially the adoption of pulp uses as an environmentally friendly approach will be a source for further studies
Zooming in Into the Taxonomic Identification of a Human Breast-milk Derived Bifidobacterium sp. 2450
Get PDFExact species%252Fsubspecies identification is essential in understanding human-associated microbiota and the practical application of a particular bacterial isolate. With the fast evolution of DNA sequencing technology, however, there is a transition in molecular identification methods from single gene sequence- to whole genome sequence analysis, resulting in subtle changes in bacterial taxonomy. Here we report the application of three different species identification molecular methods and species delineation concepts to identify a human breast milk isolate Bifidobacterium sp. 2450 - classical 16S-rDNA sequence analysis, multilocus sequence typing (MLST) and digital DNA%253ADNA hybridization (dDDH). Comparison of the partial 16S-rDNA sequence of Bifidobacterium sp. 2450 and type strains of the Bifidobacterium genus positioned the new isolate in the B. longum cluster. At subspecies level, including the four subspecies of B. longum (longum, infantis, suis and suillum), the partial 16S-rDNA sequence derived from Bifidobacterium sp. 2450 was >99.5%25 (1490 bp) identical to B. longum ssp. infantis. MLST was based on the concatenated partial sequences of the clpC, dnaG, dnaJ1, hsp60, purF, rpoC and xfp genes. Unlike16S-rDNA sequence analysis, MLST situated Bifidobacterium sp. 2450 closer to the B. longum ssp. longum cluster, separately from B. longum ssp. infantis. Next, dDDH was performed to compare the draft genome of Bifidobacterium sp. 2450 to complete genomes of type strains. Hybridization values with the type strain of B. longum ssp. longum DSM 20219 were 75.8 against only 62.4 for B. longum ssp. infantis DSM 20088. With a species delineation threshold for dDDH of 70, this method identified Bifidobacterium sp. 2450 as B. longum ssp. longum. Although the results from the three methods disagreed at intraspecies level, they all confirmed the new isolate to belong to the B. longum species, an identification level that is satisfactory for practical purposes
Evaluation of CBM and Nitsch Media for Haploid Embryo Induction and Doubled Haploid Plant Production in Beith Alpha Type Cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.)
No full textThis study evaluated the efficiency of two culture media, CBM and Nitsch, for embryo induction and doubled haploid (DH) plant production in the Beith Alpha cucumber type, with particular emphasis on genotype-dependent responses. A total of 1,004 ovaries were cultured on CBM medium, resulting in embryo development in 439 ovaries, whereas only 79 embryos were obtained from 983 ovaries cultured on Nitsch medium. Colchicine treatment was applied to 231 and 13 healthy haploid plantlets derived from CBM and Nitsch media, respectively, leading to the successful development of 202 DH plants from CBM and 9 DH plants from Nitsch. Comparative analysis revealed that CBM medium was markedly more effective than Nitsch medium in terms of both embryo formation and DH plant regeneration. Additionally, the results demonstrated a strong genotype dependency in embryogenic response and DH plant production. Within the CBM medium, genotype BA20 exhibited the highest embryo induction capacity, while genotype BA64 showed superior performance in DH plant regeneration. Overall, the findings indicate that both culture medium composition and genotype play critical roles in determining the success of gynogenic embryo induction and DH plant production. These results provide valuable insights for optimizing haploid and DH production protocols in cucumber breeding programs
Detection of Staphylococcus Epidermidis from Patients Admitted to the Orthopedic Ward of Sir Yahaya Memorial Hospital (Symh) Birnin Kebbi, Nigeria
Get PDFAlthough Staphylococcus epidermidis was once thought to be a non-pathogenic bacterium, it is now understood to be an opportunistic organism that causes a variety of nosocomial illnesses. S. epidermidis-colonized people are possible reservoirs for nosocomial infection transmission, which could be harmful to public health, particularly if there are antibiotic-resistant strains present. The aim of this research is the molecular detection of S. epidermidis, isolated from patients admitted to the orthopaedic ward of SYMH, Birnin Kebbi. A total number of 117 wound swab samples were collected from orthopaedic patients. Only 13 S. epidermidis were identified using phenotypic methods. The prevalence of S. epidermidis in orthopaedic patients was 13 (11.11%25) the isolates were examined with antibiotics using the disc diffusion method. Clinical Laboratory Standard Institute Modified Kirby Bour techniques were used to determine the resistant status of recovered bacterial isolates. The results show that the isolates were 69.23%25, resistant to Amoxicillin%252Fclavulanic acid, 92.30%25 resistant to Meropenem, 100%25 resistant to Cefpodoxime, Cefepime, Cefotaxime and 30.76%25 resistant to Imipenem. PCR and Sanger sequence typing techniques were used to further identify the isolates, and only one S. epidermidis isolate was confirmed. S. epidermidis is among the major agents of wound infection at the Sir Yahaya Memorial Hospital in Birnin Kebbi, Nigeria. S. epidermidis isolates exhibited resistance to most of the antibiotics tested in this study. The high incidence of S.epidermidis isolates resistant to antibiotics tested in the hospital calls for urgent need to put in place measures to curtail the spread of nosocomial pathogens, especially S. epidermidis which has a high proportion of resistance in the hospital