Oslo and Akershus University College of Applied Sciences (HiOA): Open Access Journals
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Narrativer fra ledere i Kulturdag - et samarbeidsprosjekt mellom grunnskole og kulturskole
No full textAs early as the 1980s, there was a policy intention for collaboration between the Schools of Music and Performing Arts (SMPA) and the primary schools in Norway. Since then, several policy documents have defined collaboration between the SMPAs and the primary schools. Kulturdag [Cultural Day] is a project in which a municipality in Norway tries to meet the desire for cooperation between the SMPAs and primary schools in arts education. Kulturdag exists in 17 schools in this municipality (2022/2023). The Kulturdag project is complex, constantly expanding, and involves many people in different roles. This study examines the leadership perspective by focusing on one primary school with Kulturdag. The question I have explored is: How can Kulturdag be understood through the stories of the SMPA and primary school leaders in the light of practice architecture theory? The methods used to collect the data were ethnographically inspired, and the leaders\u27 stories were interpreted from the researcher\u27s position using narrative thematic analysis and the theory of practice architectures. This study is a practical and scientific contribution to educational research, providing more knowledge about the leadership perspective in a primary school-SMPA cooperation. One of the key findings is that this collaboration is based on a systemic change in primary music education - from traditional one-teacher music education to a change in practice architecture that allows for more teachers, diverse teaching, and staff participation in Kulturdag
The becoming of boats : Some reflections on choices in the process of reconstructing archaeological vessels
No full textReconstruction is an essential tool for gaining knowledge of shipwrecks in maritime archaeology. This paper examines some theoretical and practical consequences of viewing vessels not as finished objects but as things that are continuously being made during their lifetime. This is done by proposing perspectives on things that uphold their biography as an essential characteristic. To illustrate this, the 16th-century shipwreck Bispevika 16 (Oslo harbour) will be an example of a vessel showing minor and significant technical changes throughout its life. Its most manifest change is the addition of an outer layer of carvel planks on the lapstrake-built hull. This makes this vessel one of a growing number of archaeologically known converted lapstrake-built vessels in Northern Europe
Preserving the past to serve the future : Lilli Zickerman’s inventory of textile handicrafts 1914–1931
No full textLilli Zickerman (1858–1949) was an entrepreneur who took part in organising the Swedish handicraft associations in the late 19th century. She was also a pioneer in the archives and active in the feminine sphere of textile handicraft. From 1914–1931 she conducted a huge inventory called Swedish Folk Textile Art that consists of more than 24,000 photographs and descriptions of vernacular textiles and manuscripts for a planned series of books and films. By mapping textile handicrafts, she aimed to preserve traditional textile craft techniques to inspire their continued production. Her intention was to create an archive for the inspiration and education of future textile artists. The inventory has had effects that are still apparent today; this paper illuminates the ways in which Zickerman’s ideas about textile handicrafts have contributed to the continuation of Swedish cultural heritage and how it has become an authorised heritage discourse that continues to guide the scholars and practitioners involved in the history of textiles and their production. Here, we will present the first article within an ongoing project on Swedish Folk Textile Art and how it was conducted. We will contextualise the ideas and knowledge that it contains by focusing on Zickerman’s intention to preserve the past to serve the future. From a critical craft perspective, we will discuss geographical mapping as a method for investigating the inventtory; the inclusion and exclusion of geographical areas, textile techniques, materials and people; the ideas and the knowledge that are expressed in the inventory; and the networks that it created. By doing so, we aim to highlight the connections between people, between people and materials, and between history and the current day
The Gardener’s Practical Knowledge: The importance of time, reflection and knowledge of a place to become a site builder
No full textWith this article, I want to raise questions about the gardener’s practical knowledge in order to create greater awareness in educational contexts and working life of the importance and application of what it means to be and work as a gardener. Practical knowledge takes time to develop and requires experience and conscious reflection. It also requires knowledge of the particular site you are working with, which in principle is always complex, as it involves everything from natural habitats to human expressions, such as history. To understand what practical knowledge is, I drew on situations from my working life and discuss these with references that highlight the importance of involving different forms of knowledge, phenomenology and hermeneutics. I used the concept of genius loci to formulate the meaning of places and posthumanist thoughts on the relationship between humans and nature. My conclusion is that experience, reflection and knowledge of a place are central to building sites, a task in which the gardener is highly involved. I conclude with a number of questions about how to work with these aspects of the profession in education and working life
Knowledge of radiation protection among dental students in a medical college, Nepal
No full textIntroduction: Radiation protection is a core component of radiographic practice and provides optimal patient safety and control of radiation hazards. In this study, we aim to determine the knowledge of radiation protection among dental students in a medical college, in Nepal.Materials and methods: Bachelor’s degree dental final year students studying at Gandaki Medical College (GMC), Pokhara, Nepal were included in this study. A questionnaire survey tool was developed by consulting with two lecturers of medical imaging technology who have more than 10 years of experience. 10 multiple-choice questions (MCQs) were handed to each participant. Each correct answer was given a “1” score and each incorrect answer was given a “0” score. There were no negative markings. The knowledge score was categorized as <60 % inadequate, 60–80 % adequate, and 80–100% excellent. Data were coded and analyzed in IBM SPSS statistics, version 28, Chicago, United States. The normality of the data was checked by using the Shapiro-Wilk test. The equality of variance was assessed by Levene’s test. The p-value was set at a 5% level of significance. Two sample ttest was applied since the data followed a normal distribution.
Results: A total of 16 dental students, 5 males, and 11 females, 22.06±0.77 mean age, 20-23 age range were included in this study. Participants did not have prior training in radiation protection. The mean knowledge of radiation protection score was 52.5%, 5.25±1.52, with a maximum score of 8 and a minimum 3 of which was inadequate. There was a statistically significant difference in knowledge according to gender, p=0.01, t(14)=2.92. The mean response was 60% (adequate) for 21-year-old participants and was inadequate at other ages.
Conclusion: The knowledge of radiation protection should be improved among dental students. Adequate course materials and training should be included in their curriculum. Radiation protection national regulations should be implemented as soon as possible
Human–Material Dialogues Through the Use of Robotics: Embodied Craft Learning in an Architectural Educational Context Exploring Patterns in Clay
No full textThis research investigates and discusses an embodied craft learning situation in an educational context that aims to support students within architecture by applying human–material dialogues when using robotics. Initially, the students were introduced to traditional craftsmanship based on materials and tools in ceramics. Based on the gained experiential knowledge, the same tools and materials were applied and explored on a UR 5 robot. A sensor provided the students with the opportunity to interact with the material through the robot while it was operating. The learning situation showed the potential to teach the students about robotics based on human–material dialogues and embodiment through making. The sensor enabled the students to use their experiential knowledge to improvise and work intuitively and spontaneously while they were exploring patterning based on the tools attached to the robot and the responsive material
Estonian and Norwegian Sheep Wool as a Textile Material: Properties and Possibilities for Use Based on the Example of the Wool of Six Sheep Breeds
No full textIn Estonia, up to 90% of local wool is not adequately valued, while in Norway, due to the well-functioning wool-buying and -sorting system, a large part of local wool is used purposefully. However, both countries have room for improvement in terms of the better usage of local wool. This article provides an overview of the Estonian-Norwegian wool research conducted in from 2020 to 2023 and its main results. During the study, wool was collected from three Estonian and three Norwegian sheep breeds, semi-worsted yarn was made from it, and knitted and woven fabrics were produced. Wool, yarn, and fabrics were tested in numerous ways. The paper presents the main test results and suggests how wools with a wide range of qualities can be used in innovative ways to create textiles. The smart use of materials is based on the possibilities offered by medium-sized production and knowledge about local wool
Boatbuilding and urban genesis: Knowledge creation and transfer in traditional boatbuilding craft
No full textTraditional boatbuilding today is a fading craft, raising questions of not only how to preserve this craft and reconstruct and transmit the knowledge and skills related to it to future generations but also, considering new technologies and available materials, why its preservation and perpetuation are important. Answering these questions requires a valorisation framework for the traditional boatbuilding craft and its methods of construction, considering the fact that traditional boatbuilding is the essence of modern shipbuilding and inextricably linked to the development and transmission of knowledge in city making too. To help create this framework, this paper addresses two distinct ways of thinking involved in making boats: one tied to boats made from already existing models or designs and the other to boats created ex nihilo with the help of sesto and garbo tools. Through a historical and theoretical examination and by building on the empirical case study of traditional boatbuilding in wood in the Mediterranean, this paper explores the concept of constructing boats ex nihilo in the technical, socio-economic, and spatial sense, shedding the light on the creativity inherent in shipbuilding and its implications. This paper will contribute to understanding how knowledge transmission in traditional boatbuilding has progressed and the role this knowledge model can play in shipbuilding development, offering a valuable resource also for those interested in development and transmission of alternative models of knowledge production
Ringvirkninger av beskrivende radiografer ved bildediagnostisk avdeling: Ringvirkninger av beskrivende radiografer ved bildediagnostisk avdeling
No full textIntroduction: Reporting radiographers comprise a small occupational group in Norway. This is contrary to England, where they produce a significant proportion of the radiology reports. The system originates from the 1990s, and many previous studies have shown that reporting radiographers provide work of high quality. There are however few published studies on other effects from having reporting radiographers in diagnostic imaging departments. The purpose of this study was to find ripple effects experienced by reporting radiographers and radiographers in departments with a reporting radiographer.Methods: This study has a qualitative design. In-depth interviews were done with three reporting radiographers and three radiographers who worked together with reporting radiographers. The interview subjects worked at five different Norwegian hospitals. The interviews took place digitally, and the audio recordings were transcribed before analysis through systematic text condensation.Results: The analysis showed that radiographers experienced the reporting radiographers as easily accessible, and helpful with questions related to radiographic laboratory work. The reporting radiographers were used a lot for internal teaching in the department and felt that they increased awareness of their own and others\u27 knowledge. They are also being used as a resource outside their own department.Conclusion: Reporting radiographers have led to increased awareness of level of own knowledge among reporting radiographers and radiographers in the department. The reporting radiographers are acting like a missing link between the radiographers and the radiologists. Besides, their availability leads to more professional discussion and collaboration across different professions and departments.
Introduksjon: I Norge utgjør beskrivende radiografer en liten yrkesgruppe, til forskjell fra England hvor de utfører en betydelig andel bidediagnostiske beskrivelser. Ordningen ble startet på 1990-tallet, og det er gjennomført mange tidligere studier som viser at kvaliteten i arbeidet til beskrivende radiografer er god. Imidlertid er det få publiserte studier om andre effekter ved å ha en beskrivende radiograf på avdeling. Hensikten med studien var å finne ut hvilke ringvirkninger som oppleves ved avdelinger med en beskrivende radiograf.
Metode: I denne studien har vi brukt dybdeintervju som metode. Det ble gjennomført intervjuer med tre beskrivende radiografer og tre radiografer som jobbet sammen med beskrivende radiograf. Intervjuobjektene jobbet ved fem forskjellige norske sykehus. Intervjuene foregikk digitalt, og lydopptakene ble transkribert og deretter analysert gjennom systematisk tekstkondensering.
Resultat: Radiografene opplevde de beskrivende radiografene som lett tilgjengelige, og behjelpelige ved spørsmål knyttet til radiograffaglig arbeid på lab. De beskrivende radiografene ble brukt mye til internundervisning på avdelingen og følte selv at de er med på å bevisstgjøre egen og andres kunnskap. Det kom også fram at de beskrivende radiografene fungerer som et bindeledd mellom radiografer og radiologer, og de blir også brukt som en ressurs utenfor egen avdeling.
Konklusjon: Beskrivende radiografer på avdelingen har ført til økt bevisstgjøring av eget kunnskapsnivå både blant de beskrivende radiografene og radiografene. De fungerer også som et bindeledd mellom radiograf og radiolog. Samtidig fører deres tilgjengelighet til flere faglige diskusjoner og tverrfaglig samarbeid på tvers av profesjoner og avdelinger
Frameworking vocational teachers’ digital competences: An integrative literature review and synthesis
No full textTwo decades of international research on digital competence of teachers have provided a number of frameworks for empirical studies and curriculum development. However, research publications addressing the needed digital competence of vocational (VET-) teachers are scarce. In this article we ask to what extent leading conceptual frameworks on digital competence are fruitful templates for studying such competences in the case of VET-teachers’ professional development, and what could be alternative conceptual models that fit this professional category. A synthesis is made of relevant literature based on a theoretical platform in vocational didactics and digitalization that highlights the diversity of international VET-systems and the connectivity between work and school. We adopt an integrative literature research approach that combines systematic procedures and supplementary searches in an iterative way.
Our descriptive analysis of the literature indicated that the international research on VET-teachers digital competence had in general a narrow focus on technical skills with a lack of perspective on key issues about their digital competences such as connectivity school / work, subject-specificity, and adaptive pedagogy. The articles tended to leave out contextual issues, for example the changing professional work of vocational teachers and background information about the national VET-systems. However, part of the literature pointed to the need for more “grounded” research starting from case-studies and qualitative data / mixed-methods research. Our synthesis of the literature in light of our theoretical framing identified four main topics for further research on VET-teachers’ digital competence that were incorporated in a working model or a “frameworking” that needs to be further developed in order to provide a rich and validated basis for constructing professional programs.