ELECTRA - Electronic Archive of the Institute for Regional Studies, Centre for Economic and Regional Studies, Hungarian Academy of Sciences
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Megjegyzések a magyar regionális tudomány aktuális kihívásaihoz
No full textszabadon elérhető / Open acces
A távmunka széleskörű elterjedésének lehetséges hatása a magyarországi vándormozgalmi mintázatokra
No full textKésleltetett elérésű / Embargoe
Regional effects of the COVID-19 pandemic and policy responses in Hungary
Get PDFRelevance. The new coronavirus pandemic (COVID-19) has brought major changes to everyday life and economy in 2020. The impacts of the pandemic are still difficult to measure and interpret. This paper analyses the key socio-economic factors that shaped the course of the pandemic and its regional effects in Hungary.
Research objective. The aim of this paper is to provide a secondary data-based analysis of regional disparities in Hungary as well as the implications of the coronavirus pandemic and the related policy responses.
Data and methodology. The analysis consisted of the three stages: first, we processed the official epidemiologic data related to the coronavirus pandemic and the territorial patterns of infections as well as the data on the socio-economic impacts of the lockdown (on retail trade, employment, tourism, local governments’ revenues, etc). Second, we collected the data related to the socio-economic effects of the pandemic and revealed the territorial impacts of the crisis. Finally, we evaluated the government’s measures and interventions introduced in the first wave of the pandemic in terms of their efficiency.
Results. Our results demonstrate that while the epicentre of the pandemic was the capital city and its surrounding area, the socio-economic impacts of containment measures implemented by the Hungarian government were felt across the whole country. In some areas, the lockdown measures could have been unreasonably tight as no reasonable justification for these restrictions was provided. Therefore, territorial monitoring and development of regionally differentiated policies are the main tasks in preparation for further waves of the pandemic. In our opinion, it is necessary to devise an action plan that would regulate the protocols of prevention and protection in connection with the regional focal points (hospitals, nursing homes, schools, etc.) and their immediate surroundings.
Conclusions. Although territorial aspects have been taken into account by the government in their efforts to contain the pandemic in Hungary, they have been given significantly less attention in terms of socio-economic support. Thus, as the article makes clear, it is important to devise and implement regionally differentiated policies of containment as well as socio-economic protection measures.szabadon elérhető / Open acces
Access to urban green spaces and environmental inequality in post-socialist cities
Get PDFAccess to urban green spaces and environmental inequalities are increasingly on the agenda in contemporary cities due to increasing density of people, widening social inequalities, and limited access to Urban Green Spaces (UGS). This is even so in post-socialist cities where recent urban sprawl and suburbanisation could be strongly linked to the scarcity of adequate green spaces in the inner-parts of cities. This paper examines the provision and accessibility of public green spaces in Debrecen, a second tier city in post-socialist Hungary, with applying a walking distance approach. Using GIS technology and socio-demographic data of residents the study assesses the availability and accessibility of green spaces in the city, and their social equity. According to research results the geographical distribution of UGS is very uneven in the city, some neighbourhoods lack public green spaces, while others are well-supplied. This is partly due to the natural environment and the post-WWII development of the city. Research findings show that the quality of residential green spaces is generally poor or very poor. Research also confirmed the widening environmental inequalities within the local society. New upmarket residential areas, where the wealthiest section of population reside are rich in high-quality (private) green spaces. Other lower-status neighbourhoods, including some of the socialist housing estates, suffer from the lack of good quality green spaces. Authors argue that environmental justice should be a core concept of city-planning considering not only the officially designated public green spaces, but also other forms of urban green (institutional, private etc.).szabadon elérhető / Open acces
Smart economy and startup enterprises in the Visegrád Countries — A comparative analysis based on the crunchbase database
Get PDFThe present study seeks to explore the concept of “smart economy” through the definition of the smart city. It also presents smart city subsystems and the smart city model. It focuses on smart and creative startups within the smart city model. The research examines medium-sized cities in the Visegrád countries (Czech Republic, Slovakia, Poland, Hungary) with a population ranging from 100,000 to 1 million inhabitants for startups. The research question is: Where are the medium-sized cities in the Visegrád countries that are both startup centers and smart cities? In the course of the research, the term “smart cities” was based on the definition set by the European Commission and the definition of startup centers was made using data analysis of the American Crunchbase database. As a result of the two studies, it can be concluded that there are no cities in the Visegrád countries with an above average level of both startup presence and smart cities.szabadon elérhető / Open acces
Does better availability mean better accessibility? Spatial inequalities in the care of acute myocardial infarction in Hungary
Get PDFThe availability of health care services is an important issue, however, improving availability of health care üservices does not necessarily mean better accessibility for everybody. The main aim of this study is to find out ühow better availability in the care of acute myocardial infarction vary with accessibility of patients’ geographical ülocation within Hungary. We applied statistical analysis and interview techniques to unfold the role of spatiality in the conditions of access to health care. Results of statistical analysis indicate significant health inequalities in Hungary. Decreasing national mortality rates of acute myocardial infarction, has been coupled by increasing üspatial inequalities within the country especially at micro-regional level. According to in-depth interviews with local health care stakeholders we defined factors that support access to health care as well as important barriers. The supporting factors are related to the improvement of availability (i.e. infrastructural developments), while geographical distance, lack of material and human resources, or low level of health literacy proved to be the most relevant barriers. Main conclusion is that barriers to accessibility and availability are not only spatial but are also based on individual stages of acute myocardial infarction care. The development of cardiac catheter centres in Hungary has improved the short-term chances of infarction survival, but long-term survival chances ühave worsened in recent years due to deficiencies in rehabilitation care as well as low level of health literacy.szabadon elérhető / Open acces
The pedestrian traffic of the inner courtyards in Graz
Get PDFThe UN World Urbanization Prospects: The 2018 Revision report has explained that 54% of the world’s populationlived in cities. And based on the forecasts by 2050 this rate will be 66%. All this is due to that in the metropolitan regions high level economic activity is taking place and their services getting better quality. Besides of that the cities are not only information and service nodes but also varied cultural and educational centers which providing a lot of opportunities for occupational change or to learn new professions which could be attractive to the high qualified people too. Therefore the cities of the future will have to face significant demographic and sociological problems because besides moving into the city various ethnic and religious groups according to the characteristic of the western countries the urban population shows an aging trend. And in addition the increasing number of the disabled people whose mobility even in a crowded city must be ensured. Therefore the public spaces will play an even more significant role in the cities life because this is the “space” in every city where regardless of gender, age, religion, qualification, etc. all social classes can be found. This is especially true for the public squares and parks where people can not only meet with each other from the different social groups but they can dialogue with each other as well; actively orpassively relaxing, having fun, etc. All of this can significantly contribute so that these groups could get know each other. However the public spaces of the cities including the squares and parks looking at their size are bounded. So for the expansion of the public spaces alternative routes could serve as opportunity. One of these are the inner courtyards, which are similar to the squares and could have restaurants, terraces, benches, etc. In a framework of a scholarship in April 2019 I had the opportunity to study the pedestrian traffic of the inner courtyards of Graz in Austria. The study had proved that the inner courtyards could be used as a public open space but their traffic is not only influenced by the there located stores, restaurants, offices, functions etc. Therefore in my presentation with the example of four in Graz located inner courtyards would like to show how can become an inner courtyard well used and successful in cities.szabadon elérhető / Open accessREAL CORP 2020. Shaping Urban Change Livable City Regions for the 21st Century : 25th International Conference on Urban Planning and Regional Development in the Information Society. Aachen, 15-18 September 202
Miről mesél a térkép? – A telekocsi-utasszámok alakulása a koronavírus-járvány idején
No full textszabadon elérhető / Open acces
Epilógus: Az új koronavírus-járvány társadalmi-gazdasági hatásai és ezek területi következményei
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