ELECTRA - Electronic Archive of the Institute for Regional Studies, Centre for Economic and Regional Studies, Hungarian Academy of Sciences
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Sustainability assessment of organic waste management in three EU Cities: Analysing stakeholder-based solutions
No full textThis study focuses on a comprehensive sustainability assessment of the management of the organic fraction of municipal solid waste in Ghent (Belgium), Hamburg (Germany) and Pécs (Hungary). A sustainability assessment framework has been applied to analyse social, environmental, and economic consequences at the midpoint level (25 impact categories) and at the endpoint level (5 areas-of-protection). For each case study, the reference scenario was analysed, along with three solutions to improve the sustainability performance, which were selected and developed with the collaboration of local stakeholders. The solutions focus on food waste prevention, collection (increasing separate collection and household composting) and/or valorisation treatment (insect breeding, bioplastic production and improvement of centralised treatment). The results show that food waste prevention results in substantial improvements in all areas of protection when a significant quantity of food is saved. Solutions proposing innovative treatments such as insect breeding do not show clear improvements at the endpoint level, given current technology development level, but appear promising for some categories such as Revenues, Ecotoxicity, Land Use or Particulate Matter if the substituted products compensate the impact of the treatment (e.g., energy and water use). Enhancing the separate collection of organic waste can improve sustainability, but trade-offs may arise, e.g., decreased environmental savings from energy recovery at incineration. For this, the influence of the electricity mix (more or less decarbonised) should be carefully considered in future studies. The application of the solutions proposed to other cities should also consider potential bottlenecks such as legislation barriers, public acceptance, or management costs.Csak helyi hálózaton érhető el / Restricted to LA
Marshall, T.: The Politics and Ideology of Planning. Bristol, Policy Press, 2021. 282 p.
Get PDFszabadon elérhető / Open accessKönyvismerteté
Labour's spatial fix: state socialist Hungary in the 1970s
No full textLabour’s spatial fix has become a key term in labour geography scholarship in recent decades. The concept has been widely used to understand labour’s agency in its own social reproduction in different historical and geographical capitalist social formations. Departing from the position that state socialism was part of global capitalism, this paper applies the concept of labour’s spatial fix to the context of state socialist Hungary. The analysis differentiates between three dimensions of labour’s spatial fix in social reproduction: wage work (with particular attention given to female employment), income from the “second economy” and housing. The interrelatedness of these dimensions of labour’s spatial fix, as well as their different geographies, are shown in an analysis covering Hungary of the 1970s. It is argued that there is a need for more extensive research on how conditions for social reproduction are established in the concept of labour’s spatial fix.szabadon elérhető / Open acces
Small town development in peripheral areas
Get PDFThe objective of the study is to examine the correspondence between city status and city identity and the factors explaining the spectacularly large number of small cities in Hungary. A further aim is to explore the positive or negative impacts of the acquisition of city status on the development of the urban network. The study, using a historical approach, aimed to identify the key enabling factors of the transformation of small towns into cities. This was achieved through the qualitative assessment of specific properties of the urban micro space, the presentation of various life stories and a review of the main milestones of the development path. The elements of local government capacities of peripheral small towns in the region are assessed on the basis of operational and efficiency aspects. The lack or reduced mobility of these elements has negative implications on local government functions, the delivery of public services, the availibility of local resources and the vitality of the local economy. The recently launched Hungarian Village Program categorizing small towns with less than 5,000 inhabitants as villages may fuel further reflections on the development policy and governance relevance of the research. The analysis of developments planned and undertaken in the framework of the project and the monitoring of the implementation of the Modern Villages and Small Towns Programme will constitute the tasks of the next phase of the research.szabadon elérhető / Open acces
A sokkterjedés szerkezeti jellemzőinek változásai a fejlett gazdaságok között
Get PDFA globalizálódó világgazdaság a válságok terjedése szempontjából azt a kockázatot rejti, hogy a több dimenzió mentén szorosan összekapcsolódó régiók, nemzetgazdaságok sérülékenyebbé válnak a lokálisan jelentkező válságtünetekkel szemben: a sűrűbb gazdasági kapcsolatrendszer a különböző zavarok gyorsabb terjedéséhez vezet. Az utóbbi időben egyre népszerűbb hálózatelemzés hasznos eszköz lehet e kapcsolatrendszer feltérképezésében, annak különböző jelenségekre gyakorolt hatásának megismerésében. A kapcsolatok feltérképezhetők az egyes országok gazdasági idősorai szinkronizáltságának vizsgálatával. Korábbi elemzések e szinkronizáltság növekedését diagnosztizálják, kiemelve, hogy két ok állhat a háttérben: 1. a világgazdaság nagy részét érintő globális sokkok gyakoribbá válása vagy 2. a gazdasági szereplők viszonyrendszerének átrendező- dése. A szerzők a világgazdaság 25 országának kapcsolatrendszerét térképezik fel a bruttó hazai termék (gross domestic product, GDP) növekedési ütemeinek együttmozgásán keresztül, 1961 és 2019 közötti negyedéves bontású adatokon. Az országok közötti hálózati kapcsolatokat páronkénti korrelációt és Granger-okságot tesztelő eljárásokkal definiálják, majd az ezekből felépí- tett hálózatok szerkezetét, annak változását elemzik standard hálózati mutatók segítségével. Eredményeik szerint a sokkok országok közötti terjedésének jelentős átrendeződése figyelhető meg a nagyobb válságok – elsősorban a 2008-as válság – során. Mindez azt a hipotézist támasztja alá, hogy a szinkronizáltság növekedése mögött az integráltság fokának aszimmetrikus változása, így a bilaterális viszonyrendszerek átrendeződése áll.szabadon elérhető / Open acces
Land use management as a challenge for local governance
Get PDFszabadon elérhető / Open accessNew Challenges of Local Governance in Times of Uncertainty and Complexity. Annual Conference, Poznan, 2021 június 23-24.Absztrak
The effect of the pandemic of the use of public spaces in Hungary
Get PDFThe first wave of the coronavirus epidemic in Hungary held in 2020 from March until April. During this period the restrictions not only to the shops opening hours came into force but also for the use of public spaces. The most settlements in Hungary had closed their public spaces and parks from the local population,
thus preventing the mass spread of the epidemic. However the experiences have showed that most people against the restrictions has used in the same way actively the local public spaces as before. Therefore the research presents how the people has used the public spaces before and after the coronaviros epidemic in Hungary. And when will they use them again and how often after the pass of the epidemic. Besides that what they expect from the public spaces after the pass of the coronavirus epidemic.szabadon elérhető / Open accessREAL CORP 2021. CITIES 20.50 Creating Habitats for the 3rd Millennium. Vienna, 2021 szeptember 7-10
European shrinking rural areas: Key messages for a refreshed long-term vision
Get PDFThe paper begins with a discussion of the concept of “shrinking”, and its origins, outside the realm of rural development. Building on this, the paper shows the distribution of shrinking rural areas across Europe. Using both the project’s literature review and findings from its eight case studies the socio-economic processes which drive demographic decline in rural areas are then described. A brief account of the evolution of EU interventions to alleviate the effects of shrinking, and some remarks about the current policy/governance landscape follow. We conclude by considering how a better understanding of the problem and process of shrinking may lead to more effective interventions, within the context of a refreshed long-term vision for Rural Europe. The latter needs to fully acknowledge the expanding repertoire of opportunities confronting rural areas as COVID-19 changes in working behaviour, and the geography of economic activity, accelerate, and fulfil, previously incremental shifts in technology and markets.szabadon elérhető / Open acces
A kisvárosi szint a koronavírus idején
Get PDFszabadon elérhető / Open accessVálság – politika – tudomány: A Magyar Politikatudományi Társaság XXVI. Vándorgyűlése. Debrecen, 2021. június 03-04.Absztrak