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Existentialism on Social Media: The ‘Look’ of the ‘Crowd’
Get PDFSocial media has become a basis for helping us maintain human contact, especially as our alienation from our phenomenological experiences of ‘being human’ is becoming apparent due to the pandemic. I argue for how existentialist philosophy is crucial, more than ever, to interrogate our social media usage, which is a ‘necessary evil’ in our daily lives. Firstly, Kierkegaard’s critiques of the crowd and of the press are equally applicable to social media, which plays both roles: enabling an anonymous mass of public opinion and doubling-up as an information source, reducing responsibility on the individual. Secondly, social media leads to an intrinsic pressure to objectify one\u27s self (as portrayed) due to the possibility of an omnipresent Other, based on the technological design of networks. I will link my arguments on social media to other existential ideals and will conclude by suggesting changes that may promote existential ideals in one’s social media portrayal and engagement
The Work of Art in the Age of AI Image Generation: Aesthetics and Human-Technology Relations as Process and Performance
Get PDFAI image generators such as DALL-E 2 are deep learning models that enable users to generate digital images based on natural language text prompts. The impressive and often surprising results leave many people puzzled: is this art, and if so, who created the art: the human or the AI? These are not just theoretical questions; they have practical ethical and legal implications, for example when raising authorship and copyright issues. This essay offers two conceptual points of entrance that may help to understand what is going on here. First it briefly discusses the question whether this this art and who or what is the artist based on aesthetics, philosophy of art, and thinking about creativity and computing. Then it asks the question regarding human-technology relations. It shows that existing notions such as instrument, extension, and (quasi) other are insufficient to conceptualize the use of this technology, and proposes instead to understand what happens as processes and performances, in which artistic subjects, objects, and roles emerge. It is concluded that based on most standard criteria in aesthetics, AI image generation can in principle create art, and that the process can be seen as poietic performances involving humans and non-humans potentially leading to the emergence of new artistic (quasi)subjects and roles in the process
Robust validation of trends and cycles in sea level and tidal amplitude in the Dutch North Sea
Get PDFIn this paper I present a new method for analyzing long series of observed sea levels. My method provides insight in sea level and the changes over time that are required by practicing engineers, assigned the design of new, modified or renovated structures along the coast.
After extensively reviewing earlier research of sea level and tide, I present my method. The analysis relies on the application of classic harmonic analysis, which is made operational in a script in the programming language Python. Rigorous statistical testing is introduced to test the significance of trends and cycles in sea level and tide. This application of harmonic analysis and the introduction of formal statistical testing appear both to be new in this field.
The method is tested on six locations in the Dutch North Sea, all with continuous sea level records of at least 130 years. The results of the statistical quality tests are shown in this paper. Subsequently, I show my findings related to mean sea level, lunar and solar tide and wind setup.
Subsequently I analyze the long-term trends and cycles in Mean Sea Level. Long-period cycles with periods equal to the oceanic perigean and nodal tide are found to be important for a correct interpretation of sea level over time. Statistical tests show that acceleration of the rate of sea level is not significant up to 2021; the last year in the dataset.
I compare my results with contemporary projections of sea level rise. The comparison reveals that in the Dutch North Sea the projected rates of rise are a factor two or more higher than the empirical rates established in this paper
Evaluating the impact of deviating technical standards on business processes, trade and innovation
Get PDFSurrounding the increasingly intense discussions about the emergence of new global standardization regimes in context of China’s rise as a dominant standardization power, there has been much talk about countries purposefully using deviating national standards to impose trade barriers. The discussion of whether and to what degree technical standards deviate from international standards and how this affects business, trade, innovation and the standard system is of global relevance. As research about the impact of deviating technical standards is still strongly underrepresented in the academic community, this research analyses the different “degrees” of deviation and the respective impact of minor or negligible deviation and strong deviation on businesses trading in a global context. By using a mixed research method based on literature review, analysis of standard documents and semi-structured interviews, this study discusses peculiarities and challenges associated with deviating technical standards. This is of relevance with regards to international trade and especially trade with countries that became increasingly important players in the international standardization regime. Our research will therefore add further insights to a better understanding of the close linkage between economic growth and standardization. This paper further highlights how deviating technical standards impact companies around the globe and how these companies could use a newly developed risk indicator to not only engage in the standard game but also to better assess consequences. 
[Poster] ADS-B anomaly detection in the surveillance of low-altitude aircrafts
No full textIn the past few years, the fast increase in air traffic load has brought new challenges for air traffic controllers. The air surveillance task has become harder and as a consequence, the actual monitoring tools need to be improved. In this work, a method based on deep learning that automatically detects ADS-B spoofing attacks is proposed. As autonomous drone technologies will, in the near future, be more and more developed, this study focuses on low-altitude traffic. Our tool is based on a classifier model that raises anomalies between true aircraft trajectory shapes and supposed aircraft categories (e.g. planes, helicopters). The proposed approach can detect spoofing attacks with a success rate of 96.2%
Using ADS-B Trajectories to Measure How Rapid Exit Taxiways Affect Airport Capacity
Get PDFThe capacity of an airport can be specified with a so-called capacity envelope, which indicates how many take-offs and landings an aerodrome is capable of handling per unit time. In this study, the capacity envelope of an airport is determined on the basis of Automatic Dependent Surveillance-Broadcast aircraft trajectories obtained via the OpenSky Network. Trajectories are classified as departures and arrivals by using rule-based algorithms. Subsequently, the time of landing or take-off is determined for all these flight movements. Since some of the trajectories used in this study are not entirely covered near the ground, an XGBoost model is used to improve the determination of the take-off and landing times. In a final step, the capacity envelope is determined. To this end, the number of take-offs and landings operated at an airport within 15-minute intervals are counted first. Then, the 92.5th percentile of departures is computed for all observed arrival counts. Finally, a concave, non-increasing piecewise-linear function is fitted to these quantile values. The method introduced in this study is subsequently applied to Lisbon Airport in order to evaluate if and how the construction of an additional rapid exit taxiway has affected its capacity. The results suggest that Lisbon Airport benefits from this rapid exit taxiway. Indeed, especially when the airport handles a high number of landings, the additional rapid exit taxiway appears to allow for a slightly higher number of departures.
[Poster] Fusing Mode S and Earth observation data for ML-driven engine performance deterioration modeling
No full textIn the following, an approach currently being researched, is presented. The objective of this approachis to more precisely model engine performance and condition deterioration with the help of Mode S andEarth observation data. The fusion of Mode S with Earth observation data is described with a focus onthe contributions of Mode S data. Also, the Earth observation data contained in Mode S data is pointedto. Research in progress is presented and user needs are highlighted.From the preliminary findings, one can conclude that the usage of Mode S data is essential to engineperformance and condition deterioration modeling in situations in which no aircraft position data can beobtained. ADS-B data provides the means to achieve a mapping of the aircraft location to outputs fromaerosol models, such as the Copernicus Atmospheric Modelling Service’s global reanalysis, and otherambient condition data from in-situ sources or satellites.Aero engine condition and hence, engine performance deterioration is a function of the severity of theoperational environment. Exposure of aero engines to contaminants leads to fouling, erosion, and corrosion.Additional maintenance, repair, and overhaul costs, and excess emissions result from exposingaircraft engines to harsh operating environments. ADS-B and Enhanced Surveillance (EHS) data bear theopportunity to better determine the exposure to and the impact of contamination on aero engine conditionand performance. Subsequent data analysis and generation of decision-critical information willideally decrease operational costs and the environmental footprint
Reviews and responses for AeroMAPS: a framework for performing multidisciplinary assessment of prospective scenarios for air transport
Get PDFSee detailed reviews and responses in the PDF file.
DOI for the original paper: https://doi.org/10.59490/joas.2023.714
Architect of Nothingness: Frank van Klingeren’s Open Architecture
Get PDFArchitect Frank van Klingeren was most active during the 1960s and 1970s in the Netherlands. In response to the social and urban challenges of the time, Van Klingeren developed various experimental architectural forms and concepts. This essay discusses his comparatively well-known community centres De Meerpaal and Het Karregat by focusing on his commitment to unfinished architecture, open plan through wall-less designs, and his insistent attempt at creating social encounters through these spatial principles. To provide historical contextualisation of these architectural principles I engage with a theoretical framework developed by Esra Akcan which provides the first full-fledged conceptualisation of open architecture. I look at archival materials such as Van Klingeren’s poems, essays, and interviews as well as the designs of his community centres and their reception in national and international journals and newspapers. In addition to extending our knowledge of Van Klingeren’s seldom studied architectural practice, this essay aims to contribute to the concept of openness in architectural studies with the case of Van Klingeren’s spatial practice