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The Originalist Reaction: The Rise Of Constitutional Originalism As A Response To Rapid Social Change In The US
No full textIt is commonly understood by the American populous that the Constitution is the law of the land, we base our understanding of many of our state laws in regard to whether or not they are “constitutional.” What the general American populous may not know, is how the actual document of the Constitution is applied to cases or legal holdings. Especially in today’s political climateit is increasingly clear that there are sections of the Constitution and the Bill of Rights that need to be reexamined. There are major debates surrounding the cases, which argue controversial issues such as god, guns, and gays. It is clear that the current social morality is influencing many court decisions. This cultural shift, known as originalism, causes an issue with the legal jurisprudence that revolves around the Constitution. This is a relatively recent term that describes the way of interpreting the Constitution as the framers would have intended. It is the intent of this paper to help inform those who are interested in viewing the Constitution through an originalist perspective. This will be done by first defining the term originalism, then explaining the historical context from which this definition emerged, and finally describing the translation of the definition into the modern context in order to help inform the reader on how to better understand the legal debates today
3 to PhD – \u27A Little Bit of Everything\u27
No full textOne family\u27s story of how 3 to PhD is making a day-to-day difference.https://commons.cu-portland.edu/three2phd_videos/1011/thumbnail.jp
Clark County Fire & Rescue: Partnership Proposal
No full text(HLS) has evolved to combat our nations threats. Emergency preparedness is one area that must remain in a continuous state of increasing improvement. Federal entities, such as the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) have developed hundreds of plans, policies, and procedures to mitigate a wide range of emergency situations from natural disasters to terrorism. This paper will address the collective approach our federal agencies want to see at the local level, and more specifically how first responders can combine efforts to deliver a more effective service. First Responders are the foundation to our nations stability and mitigating elements.
Clark County Fire & Rescue (CCF&R) is a combination fire department in Clark County, Washington. They cover over 155 square miles, including the cities of La Center, Ridgefield, and Woodland, serving a population of approximately 40,000. CCF&R is staffed with full-time, part-time, resident, and volunteer firefighters, all who are trained to the National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) 1001 standard (Nohr, 2018). A significant portion of its district is residential, business, industrial, marine, and railroad responsibilities. They protect several areas of critical infrastructure including the main west coast rail line, several electrical substations, multiple government buildings, two-primary high pressure natural gas transmission lines that run from the Canadian border to the Midwest, nearly a fourteen-mile stretch of Interstate 5, and the main freeway from Mexico to the Canadian border. Clark County Fire and Rescue respond to approximately 3,600 fire and medical calls each year and are governed by a five-member board of elected Fire Commissioners (Nohr, 2018). This department’s mission involves operations that closely resemble elements of homeland security as their day to day function includes preparing, responding, mitigating, and recovering from various emergency situations
Project Proposal: Montgomery Security
No full textThis project was assigned by Concordia University’s Homeland Security program as a requirement for a senior practicum. The project is designed to display a student’s culmination of the learning process where theory is put into practice. Students must apply everything they have learned throughout the Homeland Security program towards identifying a problem and developing solutions. Students were required to find a sponsor at an organization or agency of their choosing, and identify a potential problem or threat to the entity. Through a deep analysis of the problem, students will demonstrate their culmination of knowledge, approach the problem and respond with an effective solution in the form of a proposal. This evaluation was conducted for Montgomery Security located in Ft. Lauderdale, Florida. An analysis of the company’s operations showed a lack of preparation for hazards and incidents. A Hazard Identification and Vulnerability Assessment (HIVA), was developed for Montgomery Security to help display threats that could disrupt daily operations (See appendix B). To best prepare for hazards and threats identified by the HIVA, it was agreed by all participants (Student, Sponsors and Instructor) that developing an Emergency Operation Plan (EOP) would be the most effective course of action
Beyond the Basics: Lesser-Used Punctuation Marks
No full textOccasionally legal writing can benefit from a few lesser-used punctuation marks. This article focuses on the proper use of the question mark, slash, and parentheses in legal writing. Used sparingly and correctly, these marks can enhance the clarity of your legal writing without sacrificing a formal tone or professional style. [excerpt
Legal Citation Part I: The Basics of Legal Citation
No full textLegal citation conveys information succinctly and efficiently by adhering to four principles. Thus, legal citation follows the 1) core identification principles, 2) minimum content principles, 3) compacting principles, and 4) formatting principles. This article looks at each. [excerpt
Emotional Disorder Guidelines and the Educational Placement of Students with Emotional Disorders
No full textDecades of research indicate that students with Emotional Disorders (ED) are often not identified and therefore do not receive the support they require to meet their academic and socio-emotional needs. Federal guidelines and definitions of Emotional Disorders are ambiguous, and this affects the identification and educational placement of students with emotional disorders. This quantitative research study examines the relationships between the clarity of Emotional Disorder guidelines and the educational placement of students with emotional disorders. This study consisted of an anonymous survey of special educators and special education administrators. There were strong, significant, and positive correlations between the clarity of Emotional Disorder guidelines and variables involving the educational placement of students with emotional disorders: role in educational placement, restrictions on educational placement, type of placement, alternative placement considerations, and needs addressed. In order to test these associations, a categorical variable was created from the clarity of guidelines scale score that ranged from lack of clarity to crystal clarity. An Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) test was conducted for these groups, noting significant differences in the mean scores for groups in clarity of Emotional Disorders and restrictions on educational placement, type of placement, and needs addressed. These results suggest that clarity of Emotional Disorder guidelines is important and that special educators and administrators would benefit from education about Emotional Disorder guidelines. Further empirical research should be conducted to examine the impact of the clarity of Emotional Disorder guidelines on the educational placement of students
Effects of Cooperative Learning on Middle School Inclusion Students\u27 State Mathematics Test Performance
No full textThis research study was conducted to determine whether cooperative learning increased the percentage of middle school inclusion students who performed at basic or proficient levels of mathematics test. A descriptive analysis was chosen to examine mathematics state test performance pre and post the implementation of cooperative learning in inclusive middle schools. Cooperative learning was initiated in the state in the 2011-2012 school year. The data on mathematics state test performance for the selected site were public records on the department of education website for 2009-2013. The results indicated that cooperative learning impacted disabled students\u27 performance positively and to a greater extent than to non disabled students. It also implied that introducing it early sixth or seventh grade was more impactful than initiating it in eighth grade. There is also the likelihood of the effects of the implementation dip, where the year of implementation shows growth followed by a drop