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Creating Grace and Space: The Foundation on Which Progressive Educators Build a Sense of Belonging and Safety for Marginalized Gender and Sexual Diverse High School Students
This descriptive case study focused on a single high school community which is intentional in its efforts to craft a school culture, fostering belonging and safety in students who are Gender and Sexual Diverse (GSD). The researcher examined the perspectives of classroom-based and non-classroom-based educators, as they strove to articulate how they address the needs of this student-population without negatively impacting academic and other school priorities, and how they incorporate understandings regarding this population into their practice. Through a multi-phase process including interviews, observations, focus group, and document analysis, the researcher explored how seven educator-participants navigate changing demographics both personally and professionally and identified aspects of the school culture associated with positive interactions and outcomes for the GSD population. This study revealed a well-articulated school culture in which educators independently engage in reflective practice in their planning, while teaching, and post-instruction individually and with peers. Participants place value on providing the grace and space to include both high academic standards and a strong culture which includes decency and trust, a focus on democracy and equity, commitment to the entire school, value of teacher-as-coach, and personalization for all members of the community. These values are the school’s cultural foundation and built on The Coalition of Essential Schools (CES) and the CES 10 Common Principles. From the data, four themes within the over-arching theme of Creating Grace and Space were identified: Crafting Culture with Intentionality, Contributing to the Whole with Integrity, Facilitating and Managing Change, and Exercising Agency and Accountability
Emergency Action Plan for Lakeview Recreation Center
The objective of the Lakeview Recreation Center Emergency Action Plan (EAP) is to comply with the Occupational Safety and Health Administration’s (OSHA) Emergency Action Plan Standard, 29 CFR 1910.38 and to prepare employees for dealing with emergency situations. This plan is designed to minimize injury, loss of human life and company resources by training employees, procuring, and maintaining necessary equipment and assigning responsibilities. This plan addresses all emergencies that may reasonably be expected to occur at Lakeview Recreation Center
Poly-Victimization and Delinquency Behaviors: Consequences of Childhood Trauma
In this secondary analysis study of Developmental Victimization Survey (DVS) data, interactions between childhood poly-victimizations, delinquency behaviors, and trauma symptoms were examined to discover if poly-victimization had a predictive relationship with both adverse responses, in comparison to non-poly-victimization, when mediated by socioeconomic status (SES). Victimizations were operationalized based on low to moderate levels of severity, excluding highly severe victimizations. This focus was meant to explore the idea that less severe victimizations may cause harmful effects for children and that those effects may lead to further trauma, as mediated. Mediation analyses were divided by age groups and results showed that there is a moderately significant SES-mediated relationship between specified victimizations, delinquency behaviors, and trauma symptoms for teens. A slightly significant SES-mediated relationship between poly-victimization and trauma symptoms for children was also noted
Antibacterial Activity of Colgate Total Toothpaste Against Common Mouth Bacteria
Triclosan is an antibacterial agent found in common over-the-counter cosmetic products. This thesis investigates the antibacterial properties of triclosan using .3% triclosan toothpaste. One hypotheses was tested: (1) Colgate Total toothpaste that contains triclosan will show more antibacterial properties than regular Colgate toothpaste. Multiple methods were employed to test the hypothesis. These methods included: Kirby Bauer test, selective media, Gram staining, broth dilution, and stab culture inoculation. Due to limited time and significant technical challenges no conclusive data was found. However, continuing with this investigation, examining the effects of Colgate Total versus regular Colgate over a longer period of time would, hopefully, allow more evidence comparing the two toothpastes to be able to determine the efficiency of the triclosan in the toothpaste
Two & A Half Parents: Three-Parent IVF and Medical Malpractice in the United States
Fertility medicine is seeing a rapid advancement with the emergence of a new procedure called three-parent in vitro fertilization (IVF). This novel procedure provides an opportunity for women who have defective mitochondria to bear their own healthy genetic children. As women encounter fertility issues, they will often turn to regular IVF by receiving an egg from a donor—ultimately resulting in a child with no genetic relation to the mother. Women with defective mitochondria will likely pass down a mitochondrial disease to their children, therefore, bearing a child without the assistance from a donor does not present a viable option. Mitochondrial disease can be quite severe and traumatic, usually affecting the central nervous system. It can contribute to many serious illnesses such as Parkinson’s, Alzheimer’s, and cancer. Currently, there are no treatment options available for people with mitochondrial disease. Regular IVF requires an egg from a donor to replace the mothers egg, therefore, the mother is not genetically related to the child she bears, as the egg donor is the genetic mother. Three-parent IVF is a breakthrough fertility treatment procedure that allows women with defective mitochondria to bear a healthy child by receiving healthy mitochondria from a donor. This procedure enables women to retain a genetic bond to their child. Since a donor’s healthy mitochondria is transferred to the mother’s egg, the child will technically have three genetic parents (two mothers and a father).
Three-parent IVF is currently not allowed in the United States, but with responsible legislation, it could be legal in the near future. This Comment proposes that three-parent IVF is implemented as a clinical trial for the purposes of conducting research to assess for safety and effectiveness. Current safety regulations and guidelines, primarily those regarding human tissue donation and transplantation, are quite instructive when put in the three-parent IVF context. These regulations and guidelines are discussed in some detail. There are a couple of steps that need to be taken in order to successfully implement three-parent IVF in the United States. First, great strides need to be made to reform the broken medical malpractice system in the United States. Current medical malpractice standards, and the available remedies to fertility plaintiffs, are not adequate to accommodate such a procedure. This Comment proposes that we move away from the customary care standard, and towards an evidence-based standard of care, while adopting the reasonable patient standard of informed consent. These standards will help address the inefficiency problems that exist within the medical profession. Second, since medical malpractice lawsuits are too costly for most fertility plaintiffs to pursue, there needs to be a fertility court established within the United States Court of Federal Claims—following in the successful footsteps of vaccine court. A fertility court will give fertility plaintiffs a remedy when they are injured by a doctor’s negligence, when no such remedy would have otherwise been available. Also, the establishment of a fertility court will lower fertility doctor’s medical malpractice premiums by reducing their overall litigation liability—as fertility plaintiffs will primarily turn to fertility court to redress their injuries. The United Kingdom is leading the world into the future by being the first country to approve the three-parent IVF procedure. The time has come for the United States to take a serious look at three-parent IVF to help advance fertility medicine into a promising and hopeful future
Legal Citation Part II: Tips & Tricks to Avoid Common Errors
This article goes over quick and easy tips to help one avoid the most common citation typeface and abbreviation errors often seen in practitioner filings
Your Quick and Easy Proposal and Dissertation Guide
A 15-minute read should save you hours of work. If you spend just 15 minutes reading this guide, then use it as a reference in writing your proposal or dissertation, you should save several hours you would otherwise have spent correcting APA style and grammar errors