Experimental Biomedical Research (E-Journal)
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Serum uric acid level is associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus and diabetic regulation
Full text linkAim: Serum uric acid is a risk factor for cardiovascular and renal diseases. The role of uric acid as a renal and cardiac risk factor is more prominent in subjects with diabetes mellitus and hypertension. In present retrospective analyze, we aimed to compare serum uric acid levels of subjects with well and poorly controlled type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and healthy population.
Methods: Patients with T2DM, who admitted to outpatient clinics of our institution between April 2017 and January 2018 were retrospectively analyzed. Diabetic subjects grouped into well or poorly regulated T2DM groups according to the HbA1c level (patients with an HbA1c lower than 7% were grouped as well regulated while others grouped as poorly regulated T2DM). Control subjects were healthy individuals whom asked for a routine check-up in our institution. Clinical and laboratory parameters of the study groups compared.
Results: Serum uric acid levels of well-controlled T2DM, poorly controlled T2DM and control groups were 5.9±1, 6.7±1.8 and 4.3±1 mg/dL, respectively (p<0.001). Post Hoc analysis revealed that uric acid levels of well controlled diabetics were significantly lower than the uric acid levels of poorly controlled diabetics (p=0.04) and significantly higher than that of the control subjects (p<0.001).
Conclusion: We suggest that elevated uric acid indicates a cellular level of damage and can be used as a prognostic indicator of pre-diabetes and T2DM.
 
Effectiveness of balneotherapy in knee osteoarthritis
Full text linkAim: We aimed to investigate the effects of balneotherapy on knee osteoarthritis in present randomized controlled single blind clinical trial.
Methods: Patients with knee osteoarthritis according to ACR criteria whom admitted to our institute were randomly assigned to two groups, 22 patients in each. Balneotherapy group received a total of 24 mixed thermo mineral baths at 37-38 ° C for 20 minutes in a schedule of 2 weeks, 6 days a week, 2 times a day in Gönen Spas. Patients in the control group were received medical treatment and monitored as outpatients. Study population were administered to pain (VAS), The Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Arthritis Index (WOMAC) and The Health Assessment Questionnaire (HAQ) evaluation before treatment, post treatment and on 4th week after treatment. In addition, 10 step ladder-up and 15 meter walking time was calculated.
Results: Significant improvement in Pain (VAS), Pain (WOMAC-A), joint stiffness (WOMAC-B), joint function (WOMAC-C), The Health Assessment Questionnaire (HAQ) and in 10 steps ladder up and down tests achieved in balneotherapy group compared to pretreatment values. 15 meter walking time was improved at 4 week compared to baseline measurements. In control group, there was no significant improvement in the evaluated parameters at 4th week compared to pretreatment evaluation.
Conclusion: We conclude that balneotherapy may be effective in improving pain and functional status in patients with knee osteoarthritis.
 
Can gestational exercise have a positive effect on cognitive functions resulting from brain injury? A rat study
Full text linkAim: The effects of gestational exercise on potential pathological conditions is not known yet. Therefore, in the present study, it was aimed to evaluate the effects of forced running exercise on LPS-induced brain damage in pregnant rats.
Method: Pregnant females in the experimental group were forced to exercise 30 min daily for five days a week. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induced brain injury model was created by administering 500 µg/kg body weight of LPS on gestational days 18 and 19. To evaluate injury histopathologically, brain tissues were fixed at the postnatal day seven through transcardial perfusion (n=4 pups/group). When the remaining pups reached 30-day of age, Morris water maze test (MWM) was performed to assess memory and learning, open filed (OP) and elevated plus maze (EPM) for testing anxiety, and Porsolt test (PT) for evaluating depression. The groups were defined as brain injury group (BI, n=13)
and exercise+brain injury group (E+BI, n=7).
Results: The results obtained from MWM test indicated that animals found the platform in a shorter duration and distance at the day five compared to the day three. However, there was no significant difference between the groups. No significant difference was found in OP test regarding the distance traveled, time spent at the margins, movement at the center and the time spent as immobile. However, in the EPM test, the offspring at the BI group displayed higher mobility and increased number of entry to the open arms compared to the E+BI groups (p=0.01). There was no significant difference regarding mobility duration and total distance traveled in the PT test.
Conclusion: In the present study, we tested the impact of gestational exercise using the brain injury model. The results of the EPM test suggests that the gestational exercise can suppress the stress factors in the pregnant females with brain injury leading to the prevention of hyperactivity-induced negative learning behavior
Migralepsy; clinical and electroencephalography findings in children
Full text linkAim: Migralepsy is a clinical entity that occasionally represents a diagnostic problem. An apparent history and clinical manifestation of migraine may mask the epileptic attack accompanying migralepsy. The aim of this study is to present our experience with clinical and electroencephalography (EEG) findings and treatment of our patients diagnosed with childhood migralepsy disease.Methods: We documented six patients who were initially followed-up with a diagnosis of migraine, subsequently observed to have epileptic seizures, and then diagnosed with migralepsy.Result: Our patients became asymptomatic by giving good responses to antiepileptic therapy based on clinical and electroencephalography (EEG) findings.Conclusions: This case series shows that EEG recording can be useful in all stages of migraine for long-term, safe monitoring. Identifying patients with possible migralepsy will enable them to receive antiepileptic treatment
Serum Uric acid is correlated with HbA1c levels in type 2 diabetes mellitus: Correlation between uric acid and HbA1c
No full textAims: Uric acid is the product of purine metabolism and elevated serum uric acid levels are associated with many metabolic conditions. In present retrospective analysis, we aimed to compare serum uric acid levels of well controlled type 2 diabetic subjects to those of poorly controlled type 2 DM patients.
Methods: Medical database of type 2 diabetic subjects whom admitted to outpatient clinics of our institution, between January 2017 and August 2017, were retrospectively analyzed. Patients with a HbA1c level lower than 7,5% were classified as well controlled and others were classified as poorly controlled type 2 DM group. Uric acid levels of the groups were compared.
Results: Serum uric acid level of well controlled and poorly controlled diabetics were 4.1 (2,8-5,9) mg/dl and 5,9 (4-9,6) mg/dl, respectively. The difference was statistically significant (p<0.001). A Pearson’s correlation test was revealed that serum uric acid was strongly and positively correlated with HbA1c (r=0.81, p<0.001).
Conclusion: Serum uric acid levels worsen in poorly controlled type 2 diabetic subjects. Since HbA1c levels reflects changes in 3 months period, variations in serum uric acid levels could be used as a predictor of diabetic control level in shorter time periods
Surgical treatment of inguinal hernia: Our experience
Full text linkAim: In present retrospective analysis, we aimed to evaluate the treatment results of subjects with inguinal hernia whom underwent surgical repair.
Methods: Surgical treatment of inguinal hernia for last 7 years have been retrospectively analyzed. Surgical procedures include anterior mesh, posterior mesh, Mc Vay, non-mesh repair, plug mesh.
Results: A total of 2320 patients underwent hernia surgery were included to the study. While, 2224 of the cases were elective procedures while 96 were operated in emergency conditions. Incarceration 78 of emergent cases were incarcerated and 18 were strangulated. Patients requiring emergency surgery were significantly older than the patients underwent elective hernia repair. Duration of hospital stay was significantly longer in emergent cases compared to elective cases. Need for intestinal resection was more common in emergent cases compared to elective surgery cases. Mc Vay and plug mesh procedures were more commonly used in emergent cases compared to elective surgery cases. Intestinal laceration and development of recurrences were more common in emergent surgery cases compared to elective surgery.
Conclusion: Inguinal hernia patients should be scheduled for elective surgery without delay since need for emergent surgery may increase by time and emergent cases are associated with more complications and surgical morbidity
Our experience regarding withdraw blood from rats and preparation of platelet-rich plasma
Full text linkAim: Withdraw blood from rats is an important, but not easy, invasive procedure in experimental research on these animals. In addition, the preparation and standardization of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) is a more difficult process in rats. In this study, we presented our experiences about rat blood collection and PRP preparation technique.
Methods and Result: This experimental study was performed with ten male Wistar rats weighing 250–300 g. Under anesthesia, the blood was obtained by percutaneous puncture from the right ventricle of the rats. The blood obtained from rats was rapidly transferred to tubes containing anticoagulants such as sodium citrate or acid citrate dextrose solution A. After the first centrifuge, the all plasma was collected by a pipette after a second spin in a sterile tube. As a result of all these processes, PRP at the desired concentration was obtained.
Conclusions: Blood withdraw from rats is not an easy method, and when large amounts of blood are required cardiac blood intake is necessary. In order to achieve the therapeutic intensity in PRP preparation, usually a double spin is required and the concentration obtained with the base number of platelets should be compared