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Internship Prevalence and Factors Related to Participation
No full textThe value of internship experiences for engineering students is widely discussed in the literature. With this analysis, we seek to contribute knowledge addressing 1) the prevalence of internship experiences amongst engineering students drawn from a large, multi-institutional, nationally representative sample, 2) if the likelihood of having an engineering internship experiences is equitable amongst various student identities, and 3) what additional factors influence the likelihood of a student having an internship experience, such as engineering field. Data were drawn from a 2015 multi-institutional nationally representative survey of engineering juniors and seniors, excluding one institution with a mandatory co-op program (n = 5530 from 26 institutions). A z-test was used to analyze differences in internship participation rates related to academic cohort (e.g., junior, senior), gender, underrepresented minority (URM) status, first-generation, and low-income status, as well as a subset of identities at the intersection of these groups (gender + URM; first-generation + low-income). A logistic regression model further examined factors such as GPA, engineering task self-efficacy, field of engineering, and institution type. We found that amongst the students in our dataset, 64.8% of the seniors had “worked in a professional engineering environment as an intern/co-op” (41.1% of juniors, 64.7% of 5th years). Significantly less likely (p\u3c0.05) to have internship experiences were men compared to women (52.9% vs 58.3%), URM students compared to their majority counterparts (41.5% vs 56.8%), first-generation students compared to continuing (47.6% vs 57.2%), and low-income students compared to higher income peers (46.2% vs 57.4%). Examined intersectional identities significantly less likely to have an internship were URM men (37.5%) and first-generation low-income students (42.0%), while non-URM women (60.5%) and continuing high-income students (58.2%) were most likely to report having an internship. Results from the logistic regression model indicate that significant factors are cohort (junior vs senior), GPA, engineering task self-efficacy, and engineering field. When controlling for the other variables in the model, gender, URM, first-generation, and low-income status remain significant; however, the interaction effect between these identities is not significant in the full model. Institution type did not have much impact. Having a research experience was not a significant factor in predicting the likelihood of having an internship experience, although studying abroad significantly increased the odds. Amongst engineering fields, industrial and civil engineering students were the most likely to have an internship, while aerospace and materials engineering students were the least likely. This analysis provides valuable information for a variety of stakeholders. For engineering programs, it is useful to benchmark students\u27 rates of internship participation against a multi-institutional, nationally representative dataset. For academic advisors and career services professionals, it is useful to understand in which fields an internship is common to be competitive on the job market and which fields have fewer opportunities or may prioritize research experiences. Ultimately, for those in higher education and workforce development it is vital to understand which identities, and intersectional identities, are accessing internship experiences as a pathway into the engineering workforce
Curriculum Theory and the Undergraduate Political Science Major: Toward a Contingency Approach
No full textPortable System for Home Use Enables Closed-Loop, Continuous Control of Multi-Degree-of-Freedom Bionic Arm
No full textCommercial prosthetic hands are frequently abandoned due to unintuitive control methods and a lack of sensory feedback from the prosthesis. Advanced neuromyoelectric prostheses can restore intuitive control and sensory feedback to prosthesis users and potentially reduce abandonment. However, not all advanced prosthetic systems are deployable for home use on portable systems with limited computational power. In this work, we use a commercially available portable neural interface processor (the Ripple Neuro Nomad), and a multi-degree-of-freedom bionic arm (the DEKA LUKE Arm) to create a closed-loop neuromyoelectric prosthesis. The system restores intuitive, independent, continuous control over the arm\u27s six-degrees-of-freedom and provides sensory feedback for up to 288 neural and six vibrotactile channels. Additionally, the large storage capacity of the system enables high-resolution logging of EMG, hand positions, prosthesis sensors, and stimulation parameters. We developed two GUIs enabling wireless, real-time adjustments to motor control and feedback parameters: one with nearly full control over motor control and feedback parameters for investigators, and one with restricted capabilities enabling end-user safety. We verified the system\u27s closed-loop function through a fragile egg task with vibrotactile sensory feedback. We tested the neural stimulation with an amplifier capable of eliciting transcutaneous percepts. This neuromyoelectric prosthetic system will be used for an extended take-home trial that could provide strong clinical justification for advanced, closed-loop prostheses.Clinical Relevance - This work establishes an advanced, intuitive, sensorized prosthesis that can be used in home and clinical settings
Outcomes Assessment in Higher Education as a Scientific/Intellectual Movement: Implications for Political Science
No full textPolitical science is deeply but reluctantly involved in learning outcomes assessment. A 2013 survey reveals that political science departments are using assessment data strategically to satisfy mandates and obtain resources. By applying criteria developed by Frickel and Gross, outcomes assessment in higher education can be understood as an example of a scientific/intellectual movement, providing insight on what strategies political scientists can use to advance their interests. The durability of the assessment movement can be attributed to support from (1) major institutional actors, including governments, accreditors, foundations, and higher education advocacy groups; (2) practitioners who conduct assessment; and (3) researchers involved in the scholarship of assessment, which includes political scientists. However, full acceptance of assessment activities is hampered by competing frames: improvement of teaching and learning (generally supported by academics) and accountability for results (the concern of external stakeholders). Political science departments and the discipline can advocate for their interests more effectively by providing assessment data on student learning for internal purposes and on student postgraduate success for external stakeholders
Migration Stories of Mennonites on the Move: Russia, Canada, Germany, and Paraguay (1870-1945) - Dale Brown Book Award
No full textParaguay’s oldest and largest Mennonite colonies are Menno Colony, founded by a group of voluntary migrants who moved from Russia to Canada in the 1870s and from Canada to Paraguay in the 1920s, and Fernheim Colony, established by a group of refugees who fled from Soviet Russia to Germany in 1929 and settled next to Menno Colony in 1930. In this lecture, John Eicher argues that the colonies remained socially and spiritually divided for the first twenty years of their existence because their migration stories were not mutually intelligible. On a broader level, Eicher suggests that all humans live inside group narratives that shape the way they understand time, space, good, evil, and reality itself. John P. R. Eicher is an assistant professor of history at Pennsylvania State University-Altoona. He received degrees from Goshen College and the University of Iowa and visiting fellowships from the Free University of Berlin, the University of Freiburg, and the German Historical Association (Washington, DC). His book, Exiled Among Nations: German and Mennonite Mythologies in a Transnational Age (Cambridge University Press, 2020), received the 2021 Dale W. Brown Book Award
haMLton: Gross Box Office and Sentiment Analysis for Broadway Shows
Get PDFThe term ‘Broadway’ refers to the live theater performances, either plays or musicals, that take place in the 41 professional 500-seat-or-more theaters located in the Theater District and Lincoln Center in New York City, NY. The data utilized originated from Playbill.com, and it supplies detailed Broadway grosses broken down by week, theater, and individual shows dating back to 1985. To supplement this, data for two other datasets was collected. The first dataset consists of Tony Award wins broken down by show (close to 800 total plays and musicals) for each Broadway season (year) dating back to the year 1997. The second dataset includes opinions and opening night/opening week reviews of shows scraped from the New York Times website for executing sentiment analysis. Using all of these datasets together, it possible to find what key factors produce high sales and long runs for shows on Broadway
Exploring Employment Experiences from the Perspectives of Adults with Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Cross-Case Analysis
Get PDFAutism Spectrum Disorder, commonly referred to as ASD or autism, is a neurological disorder defined in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual 5th edition. Persistent deficits in social communication and social interaction across multiple contexts, as well as restricted, repetitive patterns of behavior, interests, or activities are included in the diagnostic criteria (DSM-5). Individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) face disproportionately high levels of unemployment and underemployment (Khalifa et al., 2020). Engagement in work is a meaningful occupation that helps shape one’s identity and is a vital part of an individual’s wellbeing (Hedley et al., 2018). One’s participation in work often defines them and gives them a sense of purpose (Scott et al., 2018), and workplace participation can positively impact social connections, independence, and quality of life (Valentini et al., 2018). There are facilitators and barriers to employment that have been identified that generally hold true (Khalifa et al., 2020; Muller, et al., 2018; Scott et al., 2018); however, because ASD presents as a spectrum each individual may have a different story. Currently, the literature has an array of helpful information from different perspectives from key stakeholders\u27 in employment including parents, employers, and co-workers (Albright et al., 2020; Muller et al., 2018; Murfitt et al., 2018; Valentini et al., 2019); however, there is a lack of detailed firsthand perspectives describing unique experiences from those with ASD. Giving the ASD community a voice and listening to their unique experiences can help raise awareness of their capabilities and provide valuable insight into a key stakeholder’s perspective that has often been overlooked
Did Gary Johnson and Jill Stein Cost Hillary Clinton the Presidency? A Counterfactual Analysis of Minor Party Voting in the 2016 US Presidential Election
No full textHillary Clinton won the national popular vote for president in 2016, but lost to Donald Trump in the Electoral College. Trump\u27s margin of victory in several decisive battleground states was smaller than the combined vote for the two leading minor party candidates: Gary Johnson, of the Libertarian Party, and Jill Stein, of the Green Party. The perception that Johnson and Stein stole the 2016 presidential election from Clinton is widespread, and potentially consequential for future minor party candidacies, but it has not yet been rigorously tested. In this article, we extend the analysis of minor party voting in the 1992 election from Lacy, D., and B. C. Burden. 1999. The Vote-Stealing and Turnout Effects of Ross Perot in the 1992 U.S. Presidential Election. American Journal of Political Science 43 (1): 233-55, by using data from the 2016 Cooperative Congressional Election Study to estimate a multinomial probit model of voting behavior - including outcomes for vote choice and abstention - and calculate the predicted probabilities that Johnson and Stein voters would have voted for another candidate or abstained from voting, had one or both of these candidates been excluded from the ballot. We then reallocate Johnson\u27s and Stein\u27s votes accordingly, to estimate Clinton\u27s and Trump\u27s counterfactual vote shares nationally and within key battleground states. Our analysis indicates that Johnson and Stein did not deprive Clinton of an Electoral College majority, nor Trump the legitimacy of winning the national popular vote. We estimate that most Johnson and Stein voters would have abstained from voting if denied the choice to vote for their preferred candidate, and that most of Johnson\u27s remaining voters would have supported Trump