Romanian Journal of History and International Studies (RJHIS)
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Cooperation in the Development of Offshore Cross-border Deposits in the Arctic Circle
Get PDFIn order to exploit the Arctic Circle, one must carefully take into account the importance of the Arctic region, its unique characteristics and the nature of international relations in the area. The region is becoming increasingly important in national defence and trade strategies because it is melting. The region’s unique characteristics are determined by climate and the challenges posed by deep, offshore drilling. Conflicts and the instances of cooperation between Arctic neighbours have a considerable effect on the future exploitation of the Arctic. Overlapping claims are not helpful in attracting the huge investments needed for arctic drilling and cross-border offshore deposits cannot be sustainably exploited without the prior consent of the parties. This paper focuses on both the history of the extractive industry’s efforts to overcome the challenges of the Arctic Circle and on the timeline of cooperation in the development of offshore cross- border deposits
The Islamization of Turkey under the AKP Rule: The Rise of an Ideology
No full textThe present article aims to observe how the secular democracy of Turkey is seriously questioned by an Islamist-rooted party - the Justice and Development Party (AKP), which uses propaganda to increase its influence on the population. Shaping the image of Ottoman Turkey, or amending it in accordance with contemporary reality is a difficult task. Despite numerous attempts towards modernization throughout the last two centuries, new communication tools brought by globalization and all the efforts made by Turkey to join the EU, the country‟s image in many European countries is still influenced by perceptions inherited from the time of the Ottoman Empire. In the context of negotiations for accession to the European Union, Turkey delivers evidence of ignorance regarding the steps it needs to follow towards European integration, respectively to the defence and consolidation of the democratic regime, bequeathed by the founder of modern Turkey, Mustafa Kemal
Copilaș, Emanuel, Geneza leninismului romantic. O perspectivă teoretică asupra orientării internaționale a comunismului românesc 1948-1989, prefață de Michael Shafir, Institutul European, Iași, 2012
No full textThe number of academic contributions related to certain topics regarding the history of the Romanian communist regime is very high. Some themes have especially received a lot of attention from scholars. The foreign policy of Romania during 1944-1989 is one of those. But, there is still room for relevant research, mainly because the conceptual and methodological frameworks used by historians and political scientists have evolved a lot. Emanuel Copilaș`s book, The Genesis of the romantic Leninism. A theoretical perspective on the international orientation of the Romanian communism 1948-1989, is trying to apply new concepts and methods of research in order to better explain the variations in the foreign policy of communist Romania
The Nigeria Military in Nation Building: A Formidable Force
No full textThe history of Nigeria and her quest for Nation building is wrapped in her experience over the years, with the country undergoing series of challenges, some of which had had big toil on her and the others have kept her ‘stronger and together’, bringing out her “strength in diversity” and above all showing the “apolitical will” of her military in keeping the nation united, secured and safe. For instance, the 1967-1970 Nigeria Civil War, which was expected to disintegrate the country, for the strong ‘will’ of the military, the country (Nigeria) came out of the war, though, with a little brushes, but still as a formidable Nation. This paper sets out to look into the contributions of the Military in “Building a Nation” from the reasons of their incursion in politics and the return of the country to civilian rule to the protection and safe-guarding of her sovereignty and territorial-frontiers
Heroes, Conflicts and Reconciliations in Romanian-Hungarian Sport Confrontations
Get PDFRomanians and Hungarians have a long history of rivalry in politics, culture and sport. Rarely history speaks about symbols of reconciliation, probably because these actors are episodic personalities and because the conflicts are longer and they have a cyclic manifestation. The battle for Transylvania was a permanent subject in the Romania-Hungary relation. Also, the high number of Hungarians ethnics in Romania provoked different attitudes in the last centuries. Sport was one of the newest ways to expose the conflict between the Romanians and the Hungarians. From interwar period until nowadays, sport activities which included these two national groups has generated debates, violence and few moments of reconciliation. In fact, I will follow this last aspect, in the context of an image of permanent conflict, to analyse the importance of some symbols of reconciliation. 
The Straits – Between Geopolitical Best Card and Bone of Contention in the Turkish-Russian Relations. Kanal Istanbul Projesi
Get PDFThe Bosphorus and Dardanelles Straits transformed Turkey into a binder between continents and seas, but this geographical advantage is, at the same time, a geopolitical and geostrategic bone of contention, drawing arguments not only with the neighbouring states of the Black Sea, but also with the European powers, Russia in this case. The past two centuries are a long series of discussions and discordant episodes related to The Straits, especially after Turkey joined NATO and found itself in the position to be impartial toward The West and Russia. The current challenge is to find a neutral path, independent, and in the same time stronger, but will it be a satisfactory solution for all the involved actors and it will be this one a peaceful one
Sport and Physical Education in Communist Factories: from the Soviet Union to Romania
Get PDFAfter 1948, Romania followed the Soviet canon regarding the physical culture: before any sport performance, sport was designed to improve the general health and labour capabilities of the working people. Physical education was both a propaganda element of the new communist regime and also a slowly growing reality in the Romanian factories. As the economical framework and the overall well-being of the society improved, the physical education propaganda slowed down its pace, while sport infrastructure and its practice in factories were the seed not only for the “massification" of sport, but also for true performance in sport. In this article we explain the Soviet implications towards Romanian sport in general; we focus on recreating the framework around practicing of sport in factories with clear examples, statistics and a focus between the contrast of propaganda and the reality from factories
A Perspective on Libyan-Romanian Relations (1969-1989)
Get PDFThis paper is a highly contextualised study of the political, diplomatic, economic and military relations between Romania and Libya during the regimes of Colonel Muammar Gaddafi and Nicolae Ceaușescu, from the Libyan Revolution in September 1969 to the Romanian Revolution in December 1989. The analysis is based, in a significant amount, on the official archives of the Romanian Communist Party, as well as of the Romanian Minister of Foreign Affairs. The study aims to integrate the ideological, economical and politico-diplomatic ambitions of the two leaders in the realities of the Cold War and the Middle Eastern conflict
The Humanitarian Law and the Violations of Human Rights in Armed Conflicts
Get PDFThe humanitarian law is also called the law applied in armed conflicts. The human rights are violated during armed conflicts. For this reason, it is necessary the intervention and the respect of human rights during armed conflicts. The human rights became part of humanitarian law during the Tehran Conference in 1968. They influence the humanitarian right to ensure the protection of civilians during armed conflicts. On the other hand, they interact to bring before international penal courts, the perpetrators and promoters of these violations of fundamental human rights
ECOWAS’ diplomatic initiatives in resolving Liberia’s Civil War, 1989-1996
Get PDFWest Africa was colonized by Britain, France and Portugal. It resulted in the creation of the Anglophone, Francophone and Lusophone zones in the sub-region. The Anglophone and Francophone have engaged themselves in rivalry exemplified by Nigeria and Cote d’Ivoire who command high level of respect in their respective camps and this often created tension between the two countries before the outbreak of the horrific socio-political debacle that permeated the Liberian landscape. However, in spite of their differences, Nigeria and Cote d’Ivoire initiated, coordinated and handled peace talks by leading other member-states of the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) in their desire to put a halt to the genocide taking place in Liberia. This article, therefore, explores the diplomatic efforts of the ECOWAS’ member-nations to restore peace in the war-torn country. These pacific settlement initiatives were in two phases: the pre-ECOMOG formation and the post-ECOMOG creation diplomacy. The paper underscores the belief of the West African leaders in restoring and sustaining peace and security in the sub-region thereby revealing their sense of brotherhood and unity