e-Journal Balitbangkumham (Balitbang Hukum Dan Ham)
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Fast-Track Legislation Mechanism as an Alternative to the Formation of Legislation in Indonesia
Get PDFThe formation of laws and regulations that take a short time to be formulated may have procedural defects in the process of their formation, such as procedural violations, non-implementation of one or several procedures for their formation and insufficient quality of implementation of the procedures for their formation. Consequently, the legislative process in Indonesia leads to poor conditions, causing problems in the formation of laws and regulations. The practice of making laws and regulations in a short period carried out by the legislature seems to apply the mechanism of fast-track legislation. However, this fast process is not in accordance with the positive law that regulates it. Therefore, the mechanism of fast-track legislation is seen as an alternative to the formation of laws and regulations to prevent the practice of forming bad laws and regulations from being repeated continuously. This research is normative juridical research, with a statutory approach and a comparative law approach. This research journal aims to examine the effectiveness of the fast-track legislation mechanism when used as an alternative to the formation of legislation in Indonesia
Resilience Capabilities of Female Inmates who are Covid-19 Survivors in the Pekanbaru Women’s Correctional Institution
Get PDFResilience is an individual's ability to adapt positively, be able to survive and remain stable and healthy when facing unpleasant and risky conditions, such as Covid-19 pandemic. This study is to describe the resilience ability of female inmates who are Covid-19 survivors at the Pekanbaru Women's Correctional Institution. In addition, this study aims to determine the sources of resilience in female prisoners who survived Covid-19 at the Pekanbaru Women's Correctional Institution to improve the resilience capabilities of prisoners. The research methods used are qualitative approach and descriptive design. Based on the results of the study, it is known that the sources of prisoners' resilience abilities in dealing with Covid-19 originating from self perception is positive thinking, acceptance, self-motivation, others’ supports, being diligent in worship and visitation, while those from self efficacy are self-control, looking for solutions, willing to repent, adapting, being independent, being grateful, appreciating time, interpreting life, doing good, and being devoted, while what comes from I Have are the support and the rules. The results of the study also found that there were female prisoners who survived Covid-19 who were Non-Resilient are paranoia, stress, low self-esteem and denials, self-isolation, indifference, fear and pressure,  breaking the rules and lack of attention. Therefore, intense efforts need to be made so that non-resilient prisoners have the ability to be resilient in dealing with Covid-19
Conjugal Visit: Juridical Review of the Fulfillment of Inmates’ Rights in the Correctional Perspective
Get PDFImprisonment as a loss of independence should only limit the inmates’ freedom of movement in    a correctional institution. This interpretation rises a discourse that the fulfillment of other rights of inmates must be guaranteed, including the right to fulfill their sexual needs. A term that is known globally in order to fulfill this right is called a conjugal visit. This study seeks to describe the urgency and prospects of conjugal visit for inmates in Indonesia. In addition, this study aims to provide an overview of the arrangement and implementation of conjugal visit. This legal research was normative legal research supported by the results of interviews with resource persons. The data obtained from the literature research were analyzed descriptive-qualitatively with a legal systematic approach and legal comparison. The results of this study indicate that sexual needs are one of the human rights. They are the inmates’ basic needs that must be fulfilled. The failure to fulfill these basic needs will have a negative impact both physically and psychologically. Based on the theory of basic human needs, the rules of international law, namely the Nelson Mandela Rules and the Bangkok Rules, as well as national law, namely the Republic of Indonesia Law Number 36 of 2009 concerning Health, conjugal visit can actually be implemented in Indonesia with clear legal bases in Indonesian law. Establishment of regulations regarding conjugal visit is done by comparing practices in other countries and aligned withn the Legal System Theory. These countries have similar backgrounds to Indonesia and have implemented conjugal visit, namely Pakistan, Turkey, and Saudi Arabia
Determination of Zero Rupiah Rate Against Non-Tax State Revenue for Intellectual Property Rights Services
Get PDFThe government continues to encourage the public to innovate to grow intellectual property by providing protection and legal certainty, including the application of Non-Tax State Revenue (Penerimaan Negara Bukan Pajak - PNBP) of Zero Rupiah. The problem is how to set a zero IDR Rupiah rate on non-tax state revenues for intellectual property services. The research method used is normative juridical. Provision of a non-tax state revenue rate of zero rupiahs determined based on certain conditions for intellectual property services such as social, religious, and state activities, and given specifically to underprivileged communities, students or /college students, Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises, or force majeure conditions, as well as activities that support the programs of the Ministry of Law and Human Rights, especially the Directorate General of Intellectual Property. Optimization of the budget or the achievement of PNBP in the Directorate of Intellectual Participation needs to be monitored and evaluated every year. Therefore, it is necessary to have a legal basis in the form of a Regulation of the Minister of Law and Human Rights concerning the Amount, Requirements, and Procedures for the imposition of Non-Zero Rupiah State Revenue Rates for Intellectual Property Services by first through the approval of the Minister of Financ
Urgensi Tata Ruang Berbasis Mitigasi Bencana Likuifaksi: Hak Asasi Masyarakat Kabupaten Jember
Get PDFThe potential for high liquefaction in Jember Regency has the potential to take its toll and losses that will interfere with aspects of life as experienced by the Central Sulawesi in 2018. Disaster mitigation efforts are needed that look at the extent to which spatial planning and development in Jember Regency pay attention to liquefaction vulnerabilities. Because the vulnerability of the region itself is a consideration of spatial planning and development. This aricle aims to discuss the extent of the importance of liquefaction mitigation-based spatial planning in Jember in terms of regulations, impacts, and their relation to the fulfillment of the human rights of the people of Jember. The method used is socio-legal. This paper confirms that the regulation of decent and safe housing from liquefaction disasters in Jember is still minimal. In addition, the RTRW and RPJMD Regional Regulations have also not made liquefaction part of the disaster in Jember. However, the urgency of this liquefaction regulation is actually not only about disaster mitigation-based spatial planning but also the fulfillment of the human rights of liquefaction victims, so the government is obliged to regulate it even if there are no specific regulations at the national or local level.Potensi likuifaksi tinggi di Kabupaten Jember berpotensi memakan korban dan kerugian yang akan mengganggu aspek kehidupan sebagaimana yang dialami Provinsi Sulawesi Tengah 2018. Perlu upaya mitigasi bencana yang melihat ulang sejauhmana penataan ruang dan pembangunan di Kabupaten Jember memperhatikan kerentanan likuifaksi. Sebab kerentanan wilayah sendiri merupakan pertimbangan penataan ruang dan pembangunan. Arikel ini bertujuan membahas sejauh mana pentingnya penataan ruang berbasis mitigasi likuifaksi di Jember ditinjau dari segi regulasi, dampak, dan kaitannya dengan pemenuhan hak asasi masyarakat Jember. Metode yang digunakan adalah sosio-legal. Tulisan ini menegaskan bahwa regulasi atas tempat tinggal yang layak dan aman dari bencana likuifaksi di Jember masih minim. Disamping itu, Perda RTRW dan RPJMD juga belum menjadikan likuifaksi bagian dari bencana di Jember. Namun, urgensi pengaturan likuifaksi ini sebetulnya tidak hanya mengenai penataan ruang berbasis mitigasi bencana tetapi juga pemenuhan HAM korban likuifaksi, sehingga pemerintah wajib mengaturnya sekalipun tidak ada peraturan khusus di tingkat nasional ataupun lokal
Tanggung Jawab Negara dalam Pemenuhan Hak Atas Kesehatan Jiwa dihubungkan dengan Hak Asasi Manusia
Get PDFThe frightening global situation due to the COVID-19 pandemic has caused various problems related to health conditions, including mental health crisis. The fulfillment of mental health as part of human rights is a logical consequence of the ratification of the International Convention on Economic, Social, and Cultural Rights by Indonesia. The State as the duty bearer is obliged to fulfill, protect and respect every existing human right, including the right to health. This research aims to examine the relation between the regulation of the human right to health and the right to mental health and the State’s responsibility through the implementation of the fulfillment of mental health rights. The method used is doctrinal legal research. The result of the analysis found that the mental health right is an integrated part of the right to health with the main responsibility for fulfilling it is the State’s obligation according to the current constitution. There are several forms of substantial efforts by the State to fulfill it. Those implementation forms require efforts to increase and equalize facilities by the State to fulfill mental health right maximally.Situasi global yang mengkhawatirkan akibat kehadiran pandemi COVID-19 menimbulkan berbagai permasalahan bagi umat manusia terkait kondisi kesehatan, salah satunya adalah krisis kesehatan jiwa. Pemenuhan kesehatan jiwa sebagai bagian dari hak asasi manusia adalah konsekuensi logis diratifikasinya Konvensi Internasional tentang Hak Ekonomi, Sosial, dan Budaya oleh Indonesia. Negara sebagai pemangku kewajiban diwajibkan untuk memenuhi, melindungi, dan menghormati setiap hak asasi yang ada, termasuk hak asasi kesehatan. Tujuan analisis adalah untuk menelaah bagaimana pengaturan hak asasi atas kesehatan serta kaitannya dengan hak atas kesehatan jiwa serta bagaimana tanggung jawab negara melalui implementasi pemenuhan hak kesehatan jiwa. Tipologi analisis riset yang diaplikasikan adalah penelitian hukum doktrinal. Hasil penelitian didapati bahwa hak sehat jiwa merupakan bagian integral dari hak atas kesehatan dengan pertanggungjawaban utama akan pemenuhannya merupakan kewajiban negara menurut ius constitutum serta didapati terdapat beberapa bentuk upaya konkret yang dilakukan oleh Negara dalam rangka pemenuhan hak asasi tersebut. Beberapa implementasi tersebut tetap memerlukan upaya peningkatan dan pemerataan fasilitas oleh negara demi terpenuhinya hak kesehatan jiwa secara maksimal
Transplantasi Pengaturan Larangan Praktik Female Genital Mutilation melalui Studi Perbandingan Indonesia dengan Mesir
Get PDFEfforts to eliminate and prevent the practice of P2GP/FGM which are considered human rights violations against women are carried out by banning P2GP/FGM in several countries, one of which is Egypt. Meanwhile, there is no regulation or policy to stop P2GP/FGM in Indonesia. Seeing the decline in the prevalence of FGM practices in Egypt, the authors are interested in analyzing the transplantation of P2GP/FGM prohibition settings through a comparative study of Indonesian and Egyptian laws. This research is normative legal research with a conceptual approach and comparative law. Comparative law studies are conducted to get an overview of solutions to the same problems in other countries. The practice of P2GP/FGM in both Indonesia and Egypt is based on ancient traditions and not for medical or religious purposes. The striking difference between the two countries in eliminating FGM practices is the commitment to regulate FGM in legal instruments in their countries. Therefore, in dealing with problems with the same root cause, Indonesia can refer to the same solution, namely by formulating legal instruments regarding P2GP/FGM as a criminal act by carrying out legal transplants adapted to the ideals of the Indonesian legal state.Upaya penghapusan dan pencegahan praktik P2GP/FGM yang dianggap pelanggaran HAM terhadap perempuan, dilakukan dengan pelarangan P2GP/FGM di beberapa negara, salah satunya Mesir. Sedangkan di Indonesia sampai saat ini belum terdapat pengaturan maupun kebijakan untuk menghentikan P2GP/FGM. Melihat penurunan prevalensi praktik FGM di Mesir, penulis tertarik menganalisis transplantasi pengaturan larangan P2GP/FGM melalui studi perbandingan hukum Indonesia dengan Mesir. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian hukum normatif dengan pendekatan konseptual dan perbandingan Hukum. Studi perbandingan hukum dilakukan untuk mendapatkan gambaran solusi atas permasalahan yang sama di negara lain. Praktik P2GP/FGM baik di Indonesia maupun di Mesir merupakan praktik atas dasar tradisi kuno dan bukan untuk kepentingan medis maupun agama. Perbedaan yang mencolok kedua negara dalam penghapusan praktik FGM adalah komitmen pengaturan FGM dalam instrumen hukum di negaranya. Oleh karena itu, dalam menghadapi permasalahan dengan akar masalah yang sama, Indonesia dapat merujuk solusi yang sama, yakni dengan merumuskan instrumen hukum mengenai P2GP/FGM sebagai tindak pidana dengan melakukan transplantasi hukum yang disesuaikan dengan cita negara hukum Indonesia
Detensi Imigrasi Berkepanjangan yang Bertentangan dengan HAM pada Fasilitas Detensi Imigrasi di Jepang: Tinjauan Perspektif Institusional
Get PDFRecently, some cases of human rights violations in immigration detention centers across Japan have attracted worldwide attention. Those inhumanely considered cases necessitated the United Nations expressing an opinion through the United Nations Working Group on Arbitrary Detention. This study found that ingrained ideologies of homogeneity in Japanese society give rise to immigration policies that tend to hinder the integration of immigrants into Japanese society. This research looks at three main areas: first, how the ideology of homogeneity led to prolonged immigration detention in Japan; second, whether immigration detention in Japan violates international human rights law; and, finally, the guarantee of human rights protection for detainees in Japan. a qualitative research method using a literature review to describe how ethnic homogeneity causes prolonged immigration detention in Japan that is against international law through an institutional frame.Detensi berkepanjangan di sejumlah fasilitas detensi imigrasi yang tersebar di seluruh Jepang telah menarik perhatian dunia, PBB melalui United Nations Working Group on Arbitrary Detention menyampaikan opini terhadap kasus-kasus pelanggaran Hak Asasi Manusia yang terjadi akibat detensi berkepanjangan di Jepang. Penelitian ini menemukan bahwa ideologi homogenitas etnis yang mengakar kuat dalam masyarakat Jepang menghasilkan kebijakan imigrasi yang cenderung menghambat integrasi imigran ke dalam masyarakat Jepang menyebabkan detensi berkepanjangan yang bertentangan dengan HAM. Artikel ini akan membahas tentang tiga masalah yaitu pertama bagaimana homogenitas etnis dapat menyebabkan detensi berkepanjangan di Jepang, kedua apakah detensi imigrasi di Jepang bertentangan dengan hukum Internasional dan ketiga bagaimana jaminan perlindungan HAM bagi deteni. Metode penelitian kualitatif dengan menggunakan kajian literatur dan untuk mendeskripsikan bagaima homogenitas etnis menyebabkan detensi berkepanjangan di Jepang sehingga bertentangan dengan hukum internasional melalui perspektif institusional.Â
The Challenges of the Indonesian Government in Eliminating Gender Bias Practices: The Perspective of Kinship Systems in Indigenous Peoples and Regulations
Get PDFGender bias is a condition that indicates the existence of a preference for one of the socially and culturally constructed traits inherent in men and women. Gender differences in treatment harm certain genders. The losses mentioned are related to family and social status contexts. This paper is a normative study using a normative-legal approach, focusing on legal discrimination and observing gender practices in regulation through indigenous kinship systems and literature research. This paper aims to examine gender bias practices, and government efforts to prevent and overcome gender bias practices in Indonesia. Sexist practices are found in Indigenous peoples’ lives, regulations, and government policies. Government efforts to prevent and control include ratification of international regulations and ratification in the form of legal instruments. However, other measures are needed from a prevention perspective such as: Political involvement of governments in socialization in the form of an improved understanding of indigenous peoples, the revision of rules that may lead t
The Problem of Criminalization of Commercial Sexual Workers and Users of Prostitution Services
Get PDFProstitution is a complex problem because it intersects with so many aspects, especially in women’s rights. However, the complexity of the problem is not accompanied by legal certainty of regulations regarding prostitution. This paper aims to find out and understand how the problem of criminalization of prostitutes and users of prostitution services in Indonesia. This research method is normative juridical law research with a concept and legislation approach. Data used secondary data consisting of primary, secondary, and tertiary materials. The result found is a legal vacuum related to the regulation of prostitution actions so that prostitutes and users of prostitution services often escape the legal snare. The need for criminalization as a countermeasure against users of prostitution services that are key in the practice of prostitution and protecting women’s rights. As well as countermeasures by providing rehabilitation for prostitutes and in them to have skills and not fall back into the vortex of prostitution practices