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Inter‐turn fault diagnosis of induction motor using a root‐prony and fuzzy logic method
Get PDFThis paper proposes a novel diagnostic approach for detecting inter‐turn short‐circuit faults in induction motors, combining the root‐Prony method with fuzzy logic. Traditional techniques, such as the periodogram, have limitations in detecting low‐magnitude harmonics and providing high‐frequency resolution. To address these challenges, complex high‐resolution methods, such as MUSIC and ESPRIT, have been developed. In this study, the root‐Prony method is selected for its adaptability and low computational burden as it does not rely on space decomposition, making it faster than MUSIC. The proposed approach focuses on analysing the stator current signal within a specific frequency range near the fundamental rotor slot harmonics. By reducing the number of processed samples, computation time is further decreased. The integration of fuzzy logic enables intelligent decision‐making regarding the condition of the stator circuit by considering harmonic magnitudes under different load torque values for accurate diagnosis. Experimental tests were conducted on an induction motor initially powered directly from an electrical network supplying symmetrical sinusoidal three‐phase voltages. To demonstrate the robustness of the proposed method in noisy environments, additional tests were performed with the motor powered by a converter. In such scenarios, the conventional periodogram‐based technique was unable to detect the desired harmonics due to the high harmonic content in the stator current signals. The test results confirm the superior effectiveness of the root‐Prony method over the classical periodogram technique in estimating the frequencies and amplitudes of the targeted harmonics. The integration of the root‐Prony method with fuzzy logic offers an advanced, efficient and reliable solution for fault diagnosis in induction motors
Commemoration and constriction
Get PDFIn analysing the problems with commemorative artefacts, philosophers have tended to focus on objectionable monuments that honour inappropriate subjects. The problems with such monuments, however, do not exhaust problems with a society’s public commemorative landscape – the totality of public commemorative artefacts in general, and the institutions involved in their creation and maintenance. I argue that a public commemorative landscape can implicate authoritative ideas, including stereotypes about people in virtue of their group membership. This contributes to what I term hermeneutical constriction – a situation in which people are given reason to rely on an authoritative subset of the totality of hermeneutical resources that they actually have access to. Critiquing and resisting these problems with a public commemorative landscape that contributes to hermeneutical constriction is fraught with difficulties. Attempts to do so render activists vulnerable to a range of serious criticisms
Sustainable removal of methylene blue Using minimally modified hydrochar from Durian peels with experimental adsorption and density functional theory studies
Get PDFThis study investigated the use of hydrochar (HC) derived from durian peels as an adsorbent for removing methylene blue (MB) from an aqueous environment. HC was synthesized from durian peels using hydrothermal carbonization under varying temperature (160 – 200 °C) and time (2 – 6 h) conditions. The optimal condition 180 °C for 2 h (HC-180–2) was identified. HC-180–2 was evaluated in MB adsorption experiments and adsorbent characterization. It achieved a maximum MB adsorption capacity (q) of 51.6 mg/g at room temperature, reaching equilibrium within 150 min, and the q value increased to 59.2 mg/g at 65 °C. The adsorption followed pseudo-second-order kinetics (R2 = 0.996) and Langmuir isothermal behavior (R2 = 0.996), indicating chemisorption on energetically uniform adsorption sites. Thermodynamic analysis yielded Gibbs free energy values ranging from -43.0 to -55.3 kJ/mol and an enthalpy change of 48.5 kJ/mol, which further confirmed the spontaneous and endothermic nature of the chemisorption process. The surface area of HC-180–2 increased from 3.04 to 6.36 m²/g compared to the biomass, confirming the chemisorption and dependence on chemical functionality rather than physical surface area. Structural characterizations revealed enhanced aromatization and functional group formation, including sulfone and ester groups. Density functional theory calculations revealed two possible HC-MB conformation with adsorption mechanisms involving hydrogen bonding, π-π stacking and π-sulfur interactions. The chemisorption nature was also confirmed through Quantum Theory of Atoms in Molecules electron density pathway analysis. While the adsorption capacity was moderate compared to chemically modified adsorbents, the minimally processed durian peels HC positioned itself as a promising green alternative for MB removal
Satellite-derived steric height in the Southern Ocean: trends, variability, and climate drivers
Get PDFThe Southern Ocean circulation plays a central role in regulating the global ocean overturning, ventilating the deep ocean, and driving sea level rise by delivering heat to Antarctic ice shelves. Understanding heat and freshwater content in this region is key to monitoring these global processes and identifying multi-year changes; however, in situ observations are limited and often do not offer the spatial or temporal consistency needed to study long-term variability. Perturbations in steric height can reveal changes in oceanic heat and freshwater content inasmuch as they impact the density of the water column. Here, we show for the first time that the monthly steric height anomaly of the Southern Ocean south of 50° S can be assessed using satellite altimetry and GRACE gravimetry data from 2002 to 2018. Steric height anomalies are validated against in situ Argo float and conductivity–temperature–depth (CTD) data from tagged elephant seals. We find good agreement north of 65° S, but there is increasing uncertainty towards the Antarctic continental shelf due to insufficient validation data, the leakage error, and anti-aliasing in GRACE. The Southern Ocean steric height anomalies capture the expected seasonal cycle of low (high) steric height in winter (summer) and show regionally variable trends during 2002–2018. We find that the variability in steric height is driven predominantly by anomalies in surface heat and freshwater content associated with positive and negative phases of the two major modes of Southern Hemisphere climate variability (the El Niño–Southern Oscillation and Southern Annular Mode). This steric height dataset provides a uniquely comprehensive insight into density anomalies and presents opportunities for further analysis of heat and freshwater fluxes, changes in stratification, or convective regimes across the Southern Ocean
“…I feel like I am just staying here waiting for death”: A qualitative study of the lived experiences of people with advanced illness in refugee settlements in Uganda
Get PDFRefugees and migrants with advanced illness frequently face fragmented and inconsistent access to health services. Structural barriers delay symptom management, undermine continuity of care, and limit access to palliative support. A clearer understanding of their lived experiences is essential to inform equitable health system responses and inclusive models of care. This study explored the lived experiences of individuals with advanced illness in three refugee settlements in Uganda to identify contextually grounded strategies for improving access to and delivery of palliative care. In-depth semi-structured interviews were conducted with 44 purposively sampled refugees living with advanced illnesses, reflecting varied conditions, ages, and care experiences. A descriptive phenomenological approach combined with reflexive thematic analysis was used to identify key patterns and meanings related to illness experiences and care access. Participants’ pre-displacement contexts—often characterised by traumatic events—intensified current physical and psychological symptoms. A recurring theme was the loss of ability to care for their families due to declining health and limited functional capacity within the settlement. Unmet basic needs and restricted access to health services further hindered effective illness management. Displacement, trauma, and scarce resources collectively undermined health and wellbeing. Displaced individuals with advanced illness in Uganda face severe and interconnected challenges, including inconsistent access to healthcare, unmet psychosocial and spiritual needs, and limited support from non-governmental organisations (NGOs) and palliative care services. Culturally responsive, community-engaged strategies coordinated across humanitarian and national systems are urgently needed to address the multifaceted needs of this population in a coordinated and sustainable way
The relationship between healthcare provider ownership and performance in high-income countries:An umbrella review
Get PDFThe role of healthcare provider ownership in shaping health system performance remains contested. An umbrella review was conducted to synthesise evidence on the relationship between healthcare provider ownership and performance in high-income countries. Systematic reviews were included that examined performance of healthcare providers based on ownership status. Searches yielded 1,862 results, with 31 systematic reviews meeting the inclusion criteria, and one further systematic review identified through grey literature searches. Following the exclusion of 10 reviews classified as low-quality and two previous umbrella reviews both published in 2014, 20 reviews were eligible for data extraction and synthesis. Inconsistent evidence was found across reviews between healthcare provider ownership and several performance indicators including health outcomes, technical efficiency, and patient satisfaction. Private hospitals tend to serve wealthier patients, select less complex or costly patients, and charge higher payments for care than public comparators. Private for-profit (FP) providers of hospital and long-term care generally had poorer workforce outcomes than private not-for-profit or public providers, including reduced staffing levels, higher workloads, and lower job satisfaction. Private PF hospitals and nursing homes had improved financial performance based on revenues or profit margins. Our findings underscore the need for nuanced regulatory responses to the expansion of private FP provision within publicly funded systems
No evidence of increased physical activity–related hypoglycemia with once-weekly insulin Icodec vs. once-daily basal insulin in type 2 diabetes—ONWARDS 1–5
No full textAre there potential new therapeutic avenues for treating idiopathic nocturia? ICI‐RS 2025
Get PDFBackground
Nocturia is a prevalent condition with systematic etiologies which require multidisciplinary collaborations during diagnosis and management. Here we evaluate current evidence and present unresolved research questions regarding the three key pathophysiological domains of nocturia with respect to a conceptual brain-kidney-bladder axis, namely sleep enhancement, extra-renal water reabsorption and circadian regulation of bladder tissue.
Methods
A Think Tank was convened at the 12th International Consultation on Incontinence Research Society meeting in June 2025, looking at novel therapeutic targets for nocturia. This article synthesizes key deliberations from this meeting session.
Results
The discussion was mainly focused on idiopathic nocturia with an overactive bladder symptom complex or nocturnal polyuria. Firstly, medications and conservative nondrug measures targeting sleep that could potentially improve nocturia were considered. Secondly, investigation of water reabsorption mechanisms within the bladder and the role of small molecule vasopressin receptor type-2 agonists were examined that may provide novel therapeutic options to rectify nocturnal polyuria. Finally, to address circadian misalignments, organ specific chronotherapies, based on abnormal circadian features of bladder tissues that can be curative for nocturia, were discussed.
Conclusions
The evidence indicates that promising therapeutic modalities targeting the regulation of sleep-wake cycles, intravesical water transport mechanisms, and circadian patterns of detrusor activity may offer alternative strategies for managing nocturnal polyuria. However, further mechanistic investigations and randomized controlled trials are required to advance these approaches toward clinical translation
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