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Search for triple Higgs boson production in the 6b final state using pp collisions at S = 13 TeV with the ATLAS detector
Get PDFMicronutrient levels of global tropical reef fish communities differ from fisheries capture
Get PDFThe exceptional diversity of shallow-water marine fishes contributes to the nutrition of millions of people worldwide through coastal wild-capture fisheries, with different species having diverse nutritional profiles. Fishes in ecosystems are reservoirs of micronutrients with benefits to human health. Yet, the amount of micronutrients contained in fish species on coral reefs and in shallow tropical waters is challenging to estimate, and the micronutrients caught by fisheries remain uncertain.
To assess whether micronutrient deficiencies could be addressed through specific fisheries management actions, we first require a quantification of the potentially available micronutrients contained in biodiverse reef fish assemblages. Here, we therefore undertake a broad heuristic assessment of available micronutrients on tropical reefs using ensemble species distribution modelling and identify potential mismatches with micronutrients derived from summarising coastal fisheries landings data.
We find a mismatch between modelled estimates of micronutrients available in the ecosystem on the one hand and the micronutrients in small-scale fisheries landings data. Fisheries had lower micronutrients than expected from fishes in the modelled assemblage. Further, fisheries were selective for vitamin A, thus resulting in a trade-off with other micronutrients. Our results remained unchanged after accounting for the under-sampling of fish communities and under-reporting of small-scale fisheries catches—two major sources of uncertainty.
This reported mismatch indicates that current estimates of fished micronutrients are not adequate to fully assess micronutrient inventories. However, small-scale fisheries in some countries were already selective towards micronutrient mass, indicating policies that target improved access, distribution and consumption of fish could leverage this existing high micronutrient mass.
Enhanced taxonomic resolution of catches and biodiversity inventories using localised species consumption surveys could improve understanding of nature-people linkages. Improving fisheries reporting and monitoring of reef fish assemblages will advance the understanding of micronutrient mismatches, which overall indicate a weak uptake of nutritional goals in fisheries practices.
The decoupling between micronutrients in ecosystems and in fisheries catches indicates that social, economic, and biodiversity management goals are not shaped around nutritional targets—but this is key to achieve a sustainable and healthy planet for both people and nature
A surrogate FRAX model for Mongolia
Get PDFSummary
A surrogate FRAX® model for Mongolia has been constructed using age- and sex-specific hip fracture rates for mainland China and age- and sex-specific mortality rates from Mongolia.
Introduction
FRAX models are frequently requested for countries with little or no data on the incidence of hip fracture. In such circumstances, the development of a surrogate FRAX model is recommended based on country-specific mortality data but using fracture data from a country, usually within the region, where fracture rates are considered to be representative of the index country.
Objective
This report describes the development and characteristics of a surrogate FRAX model for Mongolia.
Methods
The FRAX model used the ethnic-specific incidence of hip fracture in mainland China, combined with the death risk for Mongolia in 2015–2019. Intervention thresholds were developed based on fracture probabilities equivalent to women with a prior fragility fracture, and their impact was assessed in a referral cohort comprising men at age 50 and above and postmenopausal women. The number of hip fractures in 2015 and 2050 was estimated based on United Nations’ predicted changes in population demography.
Results
The surrogate model gave similar hip fracture probabilities to estimates from China. Age-dependent intervention thresholds for a major osteoporotic fracture ranged from a 10-year probability of 2.4% at the age of 40 years to 13.7% at the age of 90 years. In the cohort of those eligible for assessment, 46% of men and 36% of women were eligible for treatment because of a prior fracture. Based on intervention thresholds, a further 0.5% of men and 7.0% of women would be eligible for treatment. It was estimated that 440 hip fractures arose in 2015 in individuals aged 50 years and older in Mongolia, with a predicted 4.3-fold increase expected by 2050, when 1896 hip fractures are expected nationally.
Conclusion
The surrogate FRAX model for Mongolia provides an opportunity to determine fracture probability within the Mongolian population and help guide decisions about treatment
Do green and blue spaces in the residential neighbourhood have an effect on multimorbidity? A comparative, observational study of 48,589 UK Biobank participants
Get PDFExpanding the phenotypic spectrum of HNRNPU-related disorder, documenting the first familial presentation and comprehensive review
Get PDFHNRNPU-related neurodevelopmental disorder (HNRNPU-NDD) is caused by pathogenic and likely pathogenic variants in HNRNPU. With increasing accessibility to advanced genetic investigations, children presenting with developmental delay and intellectual disability will often undergo genomic testing; hence, the number of patients found to be affected by HNRNPU-NDD is increasing. We document a cohort of 17 previously unpublished patients with HNRNPU variants, including the first familial case, building on those previously published by our group. A comprehensive literature review was performed, identifying previously published patients and phenotypes for comparison. Eighty-four patients have been published in previous studies with pathogenic variants in HNRNPU with the following phenotypes: Global developmental delay, moderate to severe intellectual disability, early-onset seizures, and dysmorphic features. In addition to these phenotypes previously described, we have recognized ophthalmic abnormalities, cardiac abnormalities, and short stature in our cohort. We provide information on patients with a milder phenotype, enhancing our knowledge of phenotypic variability in HNRNPU-NDD
‘From there everything changed’: conversion narrative in the biomimicry movement
Get PDFAn increasingly influential approach to solving human ecological problems is an innovative design practice known as biomimicry. The Biomimicry Institute, a major stakeholder in the Biomimicry Movement, promotes biomimicry as a practice that mimics nature’s genius to solve human challenges and provides hope of sustainable futures. Despite increasing global interest in the practice, so far little is known about the value placed on biomimicry within practitioner communities. Employing a corpus-assisted discourse-analytic approach, this paper explores the ways video narratives shared by practitioners affiliated with and curated by the Biomimicry Institute position biomimicry as a sacred practice. Drawing on Stibbe’s ecolinguistic approach and Hobbs’ functional religious language framework, we observe an overarching discursive pattern of conversion narrative (incorporating both personal and collective storylines) which highlights the sacred significance of the movement. We explore how the linguistic strategies underlying these conversion narratives centre human experience, mark group identity and attract new converts, while constructing an ecologically ambivalent discourse. In particular, we find that use of vague language obscures the precise nature of involvement in the movement and blurs the lines between member and non-member, contributing to the conversion narratives’ potential as powerful proselytising tools
Consensus building using the Delphi method in educational research: a case study with educational professionals
Get PDFThe study explores the Delphi consensus technique's application in educational research, focusing on identifying barriers and facilitators to educational attainment for children speaking English as an Additional Language (EAL) from the perspective of their teachers. It discusses the methodology's advantages and considerations within an educational context, reflecting on the findings and their implications for future research. Through iterative rounds of surveys among educators, key challenges like linguistic barriers, lack of pedagogical knowledge, and insufficient support were highlighted. The paper advocates for enhanced teacher training and resource allocation to address these barriers effectively. This research contributes to the understanding of consensus-building methods in education and underscores the need for strategic interventions to support EAL students, emphasizing collaborative efforts between researchers and educators to bridge the gap between research and practice in diverse educational settings
Understanding the modern election campaign: analysing campaign eras through financial transparency disclosures at the 2019 UK general election
Get PDFWhat do modern election campaigns look like? According to the most recent accounts, they are data-driven operations in which extensive data are collected and targeted messages are deployed in efforts to maximize support. Whilst highlighting important new developments, in this article we argue that a focus on novel practices offers a distorted picture of modern campaigns. Presenting a unique analysis of over 22,720 separate items of expenditure made by political parties at the 2019 UK general election, we demonstrate that whilst there is some evidence of a ‘fourth’ era of campaigning, these novel practices do not define campaigns. Taking a more holistic approach that examines how campaign activities are blended and entwined, we offer unprecedented insight into the nature of modern campaigns, revealing variation in parties’ campaign strategies. We also introduce a new dataset for those interested in party campaigns and call for others to pursue a more holistic analysis
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