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Digital editing and publishing in the twenty-first century
Get PDFWriting in 2016, Joris van Zundert called on theorists and practitioners to intensify the methodological discourse necessary to implement a form of hypertext that truly represents textual fluidity and text relations in a scholarly viable and computationally tractable manner. Without that dialogue, he warned, we relegate the raison d’être for the digital scholarly edition to that of a mere medium shift, we limit its expressiveness to that of print text, and we fail to explore the computational potential for digital text representation, analysis, and interaction. While such a dialogue has begun in earnest, digital scholarly editing and publishing remain rooted in the cultural and structural logics of print.
Digital editing and publishing in the twenty-first century collects a range of perspectives on the current state and future of digital editing and publishing, in an effort to further that dialogue and encourage continued exploration of how we make and share knowledge and meaning in the digital age
Molecular Basis of Dipeptide Recognition in Drosophila melanogaster Angiotensin I-Converting Enzyme Homologue, AnCE
Get PDFHuman angiotensin-I-converting enzyme (ACE) is involved in vasoregulation, inflammation, and neurodegenerative disorders. The enzyme is formed of two domains; the C-domain (cACE) is primarily involved in blood pressure regulation, whereas the N-domain (nACE) is strongly linked to fibrosis; hence, designing domain-specific inhibitors could make a difference between treating one condition without having a negative effect on another. AnCE (a close homologue of ACE) is derived from Drosophila melanogaster and has a high similarity specifically to cACE. Due to high similarity and ease of crystallisation, AnCE has been chosen as a model protein for ACE studies and for the design of ACE inhibitors. In this study, enzyme kinetic assays and X-ray crystallography techniques revealed the significance of using dipeptides as selective inhibitors for AnCE and how this knowledge could be applied to cACE and nACE. All the dipeptides tested in this study were shown to bind AnCE in two distinct locations, i.e., the non-prime and prime subsites. It was found that a hydrophobic residue at the S1 and S1′ subsites, with a tryptophan at the S2 and S2′ subsites, showed highest affinity towards AnCE. It was also observed that a key pocket within the S2′ subsite had a major influence on the binding orientation within the prime subsites and could potentially explain ACE’s dipeptidyl carboxypeptidase activity. Importantly these dipeptides are found in functional foods, making them potentially available from diets. Knowledge of the dipeptide binding presented here could aid in the development of ACE domain-specific inhibitors
O que há de queer na não monogamia atualmente? [What's queer about non-monogamy these days?]
Get PDFThe text translated here is part of the first academic book published in English on consensual non-monogamy, and it marked a turning point in the prestige and visibility of academic production on this topic. Since then, debates around the question of the subversive potential – or not – of consensual non-monogamy have intensified, especially in the aftermath of the approval of same-sex marriage in several countries. In some ways, Eleanor Wilkinson’s text summarizes, anticipates and maps out what continue to be the major axes of political discussion to this day about false dichotomies, ways of creating community, projects of resistance in the face of capitalism, and even the importance of thinking about the urgency of environmental concerns. Despite having been published in 2010, it seems to be more relevant now than it was then. I hope that this translation can make this paradigmatic work accessible to a much wider audience. – Daniel Cardos
Secrecy Capacity and Pressure in Multiple-Lane Vehicle-to-Vehicle Visible Light Communication Channel: An Empirical Analysis
Get PDFIn vehicle-to-vehicle visible light communication (V2V-VLC), the irregular shape of the vehicle headlight radiation pattern, dynamic traffic conditions and ambient noise variation at different times of the day contribute to a built-in physical-layer security (PLS) for the system. In this paper, we investigate the secrecy capacity of the V2V-VLC system based on an empirical model of the multiple-lane V2V-VLC configuration. The study considers the variations in the received optical power at positions that emulate the trajectories of vehicles obtained from the Next Generation Simulation (NGSIM) initiative of the Federal Highway Administration in the USA. In addition, we investigate the secrecy pressure that forecasts the probability of the eavesdropper (Eve) presence at certain positions around the legitimate receiver (Bob). Closed-form expressions of the lower and upper bounds on the secrecy capacity and secrecy pressure are derived and evaluated based on the measurements. The results confirm the inherent security characteristics of dynamic V2V-VLC systems using headlights as transmitters because the channel conditions between the transmitter (Alice) and Bob which differs from the conditions between Alice and Eve. The position-dependent channel conditions result in varying secrecy capacities across different lanes and relative positions of Bob and Eve to Alice. The attained secrecy capacity can reach up to 1 nats/s/Hz, corresponding to the scenario when Bob is in the highest received power area on the middle lane at a distance of 9 m from Alice, and Eve is in the lowest received power area on the right-hand lane with a separation distance of 40 m from Alice. The secrecy pressure on the middle lane is lower than the right-hand and left-hand lanes
Artistic Components of London Tube, as Station Distinction and Improving Navigation
Get PDFIn the setting of the London Underground, this study addresses how relationships develop between artistic elements and navigation, recognizing that modern transportation studies increasingly emphasize social and psychological aspects in enhancing the travel experience. Site visits and a London Underground Tour were conducted as part of the direct assessment of artistic elements’ role in station distinction and navigation. Additionally, Instagram data analysis and interviews were carried out to gather public perceptions, as well as the potential transferability of these features to Indonesia's mass transit system. The findings indicate that artistic components in the London Underground serve multiple functions in public transport systems, ranging from enhancing navigation to expressing historical and cultural identity. Furthermore, the possibility of applying similar strategies to the decorative details in Indonesia could address current issues in mass transit systems, such as MRT Jakarta, where visual monotony and a dull environment may hinder effective navigation. Besides, this study also supports SDG 9, promoting innovative design practices that enhance the functionality and user experience of public infrastructure. By improving travel guidance and station identification through aesthetic design, the London Underground becomes a more efficient and user-friendly transportation system
Untangling the effects of flexibility and the AWI in cryoEM sample preparation: a case study using KtrA
Get PDFSingle particle cryo-electron microscopy (cryoEM) is a powerful tool for elucidating the structures of biological macromolecules without requiring crystallisation or fixation. However, certain barriers to obtaining high-resolution structures persist, particularly during grid preparation when samples are in a thin liquid film. At this stage, extensive exposure to the air–water interface (AWI) can lead to subunit dissociation, denaturation, and preferred orientation of particles. Another obstacle to high-resolution cryoEM is molecular flexibility, which introduces heterogeneity in the dataset, weakening the signal during image processing. This study explores the effects of AWI interactions and molecular flexibility on the cryoEM density maps of KtrA, the soluble regulatory subunit of the potassium transporter KtrAB from Bacillus subtilis. From grids prepared using a standard blotting technique, we observed a lack of density in the C-lobe domains and preferred orientation. Modifications such as reducing AWI exposure through faster vitrification times (6 s vs ≤100 ms) notably improved C-lobe density. Moreover, the addition of cyclic di-AMP, which binds to the C-lobes, combined with a 100 ms plunge time, further enhanced C-lobe density and eliminated preferred orientation. These findings demonstrate that both AWI interactions and flexibility had to be addressed to obtain density for the C-lobe domains of KtrA. This study underscores the ongoing complexities in achieving high-resolution cryoEM for many samples
Mid-Latitude Versus Tropical Scales of Predictability and Their Implications for Forecasting
Get PDFWeather predictability varies between tropical and middle latitudes: rotational effects enable forecasts on moderate spatial scales up to 10 days in middle latitudes, while longer term predictions are less reliable; in contrast, tropical weather is challenging to predict at short lead times, but seasonal forecasts are more accurate due to the influence of larger-scale oscillations, such as slowly varying oceanic surface conditions. This behaviour has been demonstrated in previous studies, but has yet to be focused on in detail, despite its importance to the development of forecasting systems in Tropical regions. This study systematically evaluates precipitation in weather prediction models across both regions using the fractions skill score, evaluating performance at progressively longer lead times and averaging scales, and compares the results with an evaluation based on upper air error kinetic energy. The results confirm that the prediction systems perform better on smaller scales and shorter lead times at middle latitudes and on larger scales and longer lead times at tropical latitudes. A “crossover” in performance is seen at forecast lead times of 5–7 days, a result that appears to be consistent across a range of model resolutions, and occurs both when specifically comparing European and African domains and when comparing whole latitude bands. This differential pattern of model skill even occurs for machine learning-based forecast models, suggesting that it is a fundamental property of the atmosphere rather than an effect of the construction of currently used operational forecasting systems. These findings highlight the need for different forecasting methodologies in tropical regions to address the lack of short-term predictability and leverage long-term statistical predictability
Predicting Unplanned Hospital Readmissions Using Outcome-Oriented Predictive Process Mining
Get PDFMany hospitals in the world are under pressure to improve their efficiency and effectiveness so that they can achieve better health outcomes with limited resources. One common measure of performance is the rate of unplanned hospital readmissions (UHRs) within 30-days. Emergency readmissions for the same disease can be assumed to indicate inappropriate discharge or poor planning, are costly, increase patients’ mortality risks and put additional pressure on bed capacity. Data Mining (DM) techniques have been used to predict UHRs based on clinical and demographic features, but these ignore the process perspective. Predictive Process Monitoring (PPM) is a process mining technique using completed traces to make predictions for in progress cases with machine learning (ML) algorithms. The Outcome-Oriented PPM (OOPPM) is a sub-technique of PPM focusing on predicting categorical outcomes of process. Adaptation of OOPPM in healthcare settings has been limited to date. Here, we illustrate how to implement OOPPM in a healthcare context through an application of an OOPPM pipeline to hospital admissions using the open access MIMIC-IV dataset. Clinical, demographical and process features were used to build an extended event log, which was then employed for UHRs prediction. Results show prediction using OOPPM techniques outperformed traditional DM techniques. OOPPM tests using tree-based ML algorithms achieved better results compared to OOPPM tests using other ML algorithms. Our results suggest OOPPM can make a significant contribution to better understanding of hospital performance
Summer Mesoscale Convective Systems in Convection‐Permitting Simulation Using WRF Over East China
Get PDFMesoscale convective systems (MCSs) are active precipitation systems in East China. The increasing frequency and intensity of MCSs highlight the need for better simulation and forecasting. This study conducted a 22-year (2000–2021) JJA simulation at a CP resolution (4-km grid spacing) using the WRF model (WRF-CPM) over East China. The WRF-CPM model's ability to reproduce MCSs was evaluated against satellite infrared-retrieved cloud top temperature, IMERG V06 precipitation, and global reanalysis data ERA5. Results show that WRF-CPM captures the observed MCS frequency and precipitation patterns but overestimates them in most areas, which might be related to the overestimated moisture and CAPE. The model also reproduces the eastward propagation of MCSs, albeit at a slightly faster speed and longer duration. MCSs in WRF-CPM exhibits realistic life cycles in terms of cloud top temperature, convective core area, and precipitation. WRF-CPM tends to overestimate rainfall frequency over 20 mm/hr while underestimates rainfall per MCS, possibly due to an overestimated number and area. The model captures the diurnal cycle of MCSs well in most of East China, though it shows a 2-hr delay in southeast China and produces the peak a few hours earlier to the east of Tibetan Plateau. Total column water vapor (TCWV) and wind shear are well-established factors controlling MCS behavior and rainfall, yet capturing the effects remains a challenge for CP models. This study is the first to show that WRF-CPM can capture the shear effect on MCS precipitation, showing an increase in precipitation with stronger shear and higher TCWV
Changes in hand function and health state utility after cubital tunnel release using the United Kingdom Hand Registry
Get PDFThis study aimed to analyse and contrast changes in health-related quality of life (HR-QoL) and hand symptoms in the first 6 months after surgical treatment for primary cubital tunnel syndrome. Data originated from the United Kingdom Hand Registry. HR-QoL was assessed using the generic EuroQol five-dimensional assessment tool (EQ-5D-5L) and hand symptoms using the Patient Evaluation Measure (PEM). In total, 281 patients were included in the statistical analysis. Cubital tunnel release resulted in clinically relevant relief of hand symptoms. However, no improvement in HR-QoL was detected by the EQ-5D-5L. As a result, current health economic models, such as those used by the National Institute for Health Care Excellence (NICE) in the UK, might conclude that cubital tunnel release is not cost-effective. This discrepancy requires exploration, and hand-specific preference-based measures might be needed for value-based healthcare in hand surgery.
Level of evidence: II
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