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Search for nonresonant new physics signals in high-mass dilepton events produced in association with b-tagged jets in proton-proton collisions at √ = 13 TeV
Get PDFA version of the article is available at arXiv:2506.13565v2 [hep-ex] (https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.13565). Comments: Replaced with the published version. Added the journal reference and the DOI. All the figures and tables can be found at https://cms-results.web.cern.ch/cms-results/public-results/publications/EXO-23-010 URL (CMS Public Pages). Report number: CMS-EXO-23-010, CERN-EP-2025-044. Journal reference: JHEP 02 (2026) 141. Submission history: From: The CMS Collaboration: [v1] Mon, 16 Jun 2025 14:50:18 UTC (552 KB); [v2] Mon, 2 Mar 2026 19:36:52 UTC (591 KB).Data Availability Statement: Release and preservation of data used by the CMS Collaboration as the basis for publications is guided by the CMS data preservation, re-use and open access policy, https://doi.org/10.7483/OPENDATA.CMS.1BNU.8V1W .Code Availability Statement: The CMS core software is publicly available on GitHub https://github.com/cms-sw/cmssw .A search for nonresonant new physics phenomena in high-mass dilepton events produced in association with b-tagged jets is performed using proton-proton collision data collected in 2016–2018 by the CMS experiment at the CERN LHC, at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 138 fb⁻¹. The analysis considers two effective field theory models with dimension-six operators; involving four-fermion contact interactions between two leptons (ℓℓ, electrons or muons) and b or s quarks (bbℓℓ and bsℓℓ). Two lepton flavor combinations (ee and μμ) are required and events are classified as having 0, 1, or ≥2 b-tagged jets in the final state. No significant excess is observed over the standard model backgrounds. Upper limits are set on the production cross section of the new physics signals. These translate into lower limits on the energy scale Λ of 6.9 to 9.0 TeV in the bbℓℓ model, depending on model parameters, and on the ratio of energy scale and effective coupling, Λ/g∗, of 2.0 to 2.6 TeV in the bsℓℓ model. Lepton flavor universality is also tested by comparing the dielectron (ee) and dimuon (μμ) mass spectra for different b-tagged jet multiplicities. No significant deviation from the standard model expectation of unity is observed.SCOAP³
Design for social enterprises: How to form a design–innovation ecosystem for social enterprises
Get PDFThe Keeper of Paintings at the National Gallery, London: Co-Designing an Immersive Experience in Art with and for Children
No full text...UKRI Arts & Humanities Research Council ref: AH/T011394/1 (StoryFutures China: UK-China Transnational Strategic Partnership for Immersive Storytelling in Museums and Cultural Institutions)
TIM3-mediated differentiation of IL-10-producing CD25+ B cells by expanded regulatory T cells
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The data supporting this study’s findings are available upon request from the corresponding authors.Key Messages:
• Expanded Tregs induce IL-10+ CD25+ B cells.
• TIM3 expression on Tregs is crucial for IL-10+ B cell induction.
• Tregs require direct cell contact to regulate B cells.
• Blocking TIM3 reduces IL-10+ B cells but increases IFN-γ, TNF-α, IL-17.
• Tregs enhance regulatory B cell differentiation, promoting tolerance.Supplementary Information is available online at: https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00109-025-02606-0#Sec15 .Cell-based immunotherapy utilizing regulatory T cells (Tregs) has recently advanced into clinical applications, demonstrating promising results in phase I/II trials to prevent transplant rejection and treat autoimmune diseases. We have completed a clinical trial in renal transplant patients in which the significant biological effect was the increase of B cells with a regulatory phenotype in the blood of kidney transplant patients. The mechanisms by which Tregs regulate B cells and the specific molecules involved in this process remained poorly understood. In this study, we employed an in vitro system of co-culture of peripherally purified B cells and expanded Tregs to show that Tregs can induce a population of memory B cells that express IL-10 and CD25. This subset of B cells has been previously identified as one of humans’ regulatory B cell populations. Notably, these expanded Tregs’ regulation of B cells was found to be independent of IL-10 and reliant on direct cell contact. We established that TIM3 expression by Tregs was crucial for the induction of IL-10-producing CD25+ memory B cells. Our findings suggest that TIM3 is a critical molecule for the induction of regulatory B cells by Tregs, indicating that TIM3 expression by adoptively transferred Tregs is vital in diseases where B cells play a pathogenic role.This research was supported by Lupus UK, Diabetes UK (ref. 24/0006776), King’s Health Partners, BD Biosciences Research Program (ref. 10/2017 Award), Rosetrees Trust (ref. CF-2021-2 107), National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre based at Guy’s and St Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust and King’s College London and the NIHR Clinical Research Facility
Digital ventures in practice: Exploring performance factors through a netnographic immersion journal
No full textThis thesis was submitted for the award of Doctor of Philosophy and was awarded by Brunel University LondonThe continuous expansion of digital platforms has transformed the entrepreneurial landscape, enabling new forms of business activity conducted entirely online. This study explores how digital ventures with no physical presence build and sustain performance through platform-based practices. The research is conducted in the United Kingdom, focusing on fifteen digital ventures within the online jewellery industry, where digital entrepreneurs adopt digital technologies for business operations.
The study aims to explore how entrepreneurial and platform practices shape the online performance of digital ventures. It addresses a critical gap in existing literature, where limited qualitative attention has been given to the everyday practices, strategies, and challenges of ventures operating fully online. To fill this gap, the study applies the Entrepreneurship as Practice (EAP) framework and employs a netnographic immersion approach to capture the lived experiences and routines of digital entrepreneurs in their natural online environments. A netnographic immersion was conducted over one year (March 2023 - February 2024), observing the online activities of jewellery ventures across platforms such as Instagram, TikTok, Amazon, and Etsy. The findings reveal that entrepreneurial self-representation, digital skills and digital identity are essential to building authenticity and trust, directly influencing online performance. At the platform level, factors such as the degree of digitalisation, engagement, collaboration, and pricing strategy emerge as key determinants of venture success. New insights also identify caption strategy, content creation, and digital consistency as emerging practices that strengthen customer connection and algorithmic visibility. The research advances the theoretical development of practise theory in a digital context by conceptualising how entrepreneurs’ daily digital practices (habitus) interact with platform structures (field) to enhance online performance (capital). Methodologically, it demonstrates the value of netnography for studying platform-based entrepreneurship through, practice-focused observation. Practically, the findings offer guidance for entrepreneurs seeking to enhance their digital presence and engagement, and for policymakers designing initiatives that support digital-venture ecosystems. Overall, this study contributes to a deeper understanding of how entrepreneurial and platform practices combine to influence online performance, offering both theoretical advancement and practical insights.Association of Netnographic Research and for the scholarship award at the NetnoCon conferenc
Hybrid-Driven State Estimation With Adaptive Cross-Coupled Priors: Enhancing Data Representation and Model Robustness
Get PDFThis article addresses the integration of model-driven and data-driven approaches for robust hybrid-driven state estimation under limited data and model uncertainties. An unsupervised hybrid estimation framework, termed adaptive model-driven and data-driven (AMD), is proposed. AMD employs an adaptive cross-coupled prior mechanism within the Bayesian inference paradigm to integrate prior information. A two-stage fusion strategy is introduced: an initial hard fusion of model pseudomeasurements and data-driven priors, followed by an adaptive soft fusion that adjusts model influence based on reconstruction discrepancies, thereby enhancing robustness to imperfect model priors. To capture complex nonlinear transition dynamics, a dynamic bilinear recurrent module has been developed, tailored to the system’s underlying behavior. The AMD framework adopts a nonidentical training–testing strategy and an unsupervised hybrid learning objective inspired by the information bottleneck principle, enabling accurate parameter learning without access to ground-truth states. Extensive experiments on multiple nonlinear chaotic systems have demonstrated that AMD consistently achieves competitive or superior estimation accuracy compared to state-of-the-art model-based and hybrid approaches, particularly under underdetermined estimation, model mismatch, and dynamic disturbances. These results demonstrate AMD’s capability to effectively leverage limited information through complementary fusion, thereby enhancing both data representation and model robustness. This adaptability positions AMD as a powerful solution for challenging state estimation problems.National Science Foundation of China (Grant Number: 62222312 and 62473285);
Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of China;
10.13039/501100000288-Royal Society of the U.K.;
Alexander von Humboldt Foundation of Germany
Include a mixture allocation factor to improve EU chemical risk management: Revision of the REACH chemical regulation should enable more realistic understanding and management
No full textHumans and ecosystems are continuously exposed to complex mixtures of chemicals (1). This issue of “chemical cocktails” has been receiving increasing attention by policy-makers and the public alike. Yet, the potential health and ecological impacts of coincidental mixtures of chemicals that combine in our bodies, and in wildlife, water, sediments, and soil from many sources, receive insufficient attention in chemical risk assessment and management. Instead, regulatory risk assessment primarily evaluates individual substances, and chemical products that might contain intentional mixtures or substances of unknown or variable composition. This gap results in a systematic underestimation of the risks for human health and the environment. As policy-makers in the European Union (EU) undertake a revision of the Regulation on the Registration, Evaluation, Authorization and Restriction of chemicals (REACH), they should incorporate a mixture allocation factor to enable more realistic chemical management and create incentives for safe and sustainable innovation without imposing undue administrative burdens
Non‐Market Strategy and Deglobalization: Firm–State Relations and the Historical Microfoundations of Corporate Political Activity
Get PDFThis study examines deglobalization through the lens of non-market strategy (NMS), focusing on the antecedents and microfoundations of corporate political activity (CPA) in the global aluminium industry. Drawing on archival research and historical analysis, we challenge the prevailing view of deglobalization as a state-driven reversal of globalization. Instead, we reconceptualize it as a co-evolving process of firm–state relations, where multinational enterprises (MNEs) and governments jointly construct institutional arrangements. Our analysis demonstrates how MNEs leverage ideological alignments, elite networks, and long-term political capabilities to influence protectionist policies, trade governance, and national development agendas. We identify the microfoundations of CPA – ideological affinity, embedded agency, and networked trust – as critical to shaping institutional and policy outcomes with macroeconomic and geopolitical consequences. By tracing firm–state interactions across a century of global change, we demonstrate how CPA functions as a historically constituted practice through which firms exercise both ideological and political agency. In reframing deglobalization as not merely an external constraint but a strategic outcome co-produced by business and state actors, this study extends non-market strategy theory. We highlight how deglobalization and globalization are not sequential opposites but intertwined processes, co-constructed through the persistent deployment of NMS and CPA.British Academy. Grant Number: SRG2021/210391;
Economic History Society. Grant Number: Carnevali SRG 201
Search for a heavy resonance decaying into a Z and a Higgs boson in events with an energetic jet and two electrons, two muons, or missing transverse momentum in proton-proton collisions at √ = 13 TeV
Get PDFA version of the article is available at arXiv:2411.00202v2 [hep-ex] (https://arxiv.org/abs/2411.00202). Comments: Replaced with the published version. Added the journal reference and the DOI. All the figures and tables can be found at https://cms-results.web.cern.ch/cms-results/public-results/publications/B2G-23-008 (CMS Public Pages). Report number: CMS-B2G-23-008, CERN-EP-2024-214. Journal reference: JHEP 02 (2025) 089. Submission history: From: The CMS Collaboration: [v1] Thu, 31 Oct 2024 20:48:24 UTC (621 KB); [v2] Wed, 26 Feb 2025 15:20:42 UTC (605 KB).Data Availability Statement: Release and preservation of data used by the CMS collaboration as the basis for publications is guided by the CMS data preservation, re-use, and open access policy (https://cms-docdb.cern.ch/cgi-bin/PublicDocDB/RetrieveFile?docid= 6032&filename=CMSDataPolicyV1.2.pdf&version=2).Code Availability Statement: The CMS core software is publicly available on GitHub (https://github.com/cms-sw/cmssw).A search is presented for a heavy resonance decaying into a Z boson and a Higgs (H) boson. The analysis is based on data from proton-proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 13 TeV corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 138 fb⁻¹, recorded with the CMS experiment in the years 2016–2018. Resonance masses between 1.4 and 5 TeV are considered, resulting in large transverse momenta of the Z and H bosons. Final states that result from Z boson decays to pairs of electrons, muons, or neutrinos are considered. The H boson is reconstructed as a single large-radius jet, recoiling against the Z boson. Machine-learning flavour-tagging techniques are employed to identify decays of a Lorentz-boosted H boson into pairs of charm or bottom quarks, or into four quarks via the intermediate H → WW* and ZZ* decays. The analysis targets H boson decays that were not generally included in previous searches using the H → bb̅ channel. Compared with previous analyses, the sensitivity for high resonance masses is improved significantly in the channel where at most one b quark is tagged.SCOAP³
Re-writing the spy in the age of jihadi terrorism: Stella Rimington's <i>At Risk</i>
Get PDFThis article examines a historically unique text, the first novel by former British spy chief Stella Rimington. Published after 9/11 but before the London bombings of 2005, At Risk describes a new and as-yet unquantified threat, home-grown jihadi terrorism. Rimington was Director General of MI5 at a time of profound change, fighting hard to re-sell it as an agency committed to the doctrine of security-in-democracy. By the time the novel was published in 2004, however, counter-terrorism and the policies and practices surrounding the US ‘War on Terror’ had become an immensely contentious area. How possible is it to address the threat of home-grown extremism, the novel asks, while continuing to respect the human and legal rights of terror suspects? In 2004 there had never been a successful jihadi terrorist attack on British soil. The novel attempts to foresee the path that such an attack might follow and also to delineate two possible models of the would-be jihadi terrorist. At the time she was writing, we now know, actual terrorist plans were also being developed that would lead to the devastating London bombings of 2005. The essay compares Rimington's imagined scenario with the events she sought to anticipate, offering a rare insight into the thought process of Britain's most successful woman spy.This work was supported by the Arts and Humanities Research Council (grant number AH/V001000/1) project: Writers in British Intelligence: The Secret State and the Public Sphere
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