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Editorial: Cognitive, motor and brain reserves: bio-behavioral mechanisms, phenotypes, and prognostic value in ageing and neurodegeneration
Get PDFEditorial on the Research Topic: Cognitive, motor and brain reserves: biobehavioral mechanisms, phenotypes, and prognostic value in ageing and neurodegeneratio
Unveiling the determinants of battery electric vehicle performance: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Get PDFThe transition toward battery electric vehicles (BEVs) is a critical element in the global shift toward sustainable transportation. This meta-analysis delves into the multifaceted factors influencing BEV performance, including environmental, technological, behavioral, and political-economic determinants. The purpose of this review is to systematically organize and assess how these factors impact BEV efficiency and sustainability across various operational scenarios, such as driving, charging, and decommissioning. By examining a wide range of literature, this study constructs a comprehensive framework that categorizes the primary components and performance metrics, revealing complex relationships and potential causal connections. The findings highlight that although technological advancements and regulatory frameworks are the predominant drivers of BEV performance, environmental conditions and user behaviors also play significant roles. The key emerging topics identified suggest further research avenues, particularly in optimizing battery technology and expanding policy support. Additionally, the analysis provides new and systematic insights compared with previous reviews, offering a clearer understanding of the determinants, their impacts, and the interactions between them. These insights are crucial for developing a transparent evaluation system for future research and policy formulation. This comprehensive synthesis not only aids in understanding the current landscape but also in directing future scholarly and practical endeavors in electric vehicle research
S<sup>3</sup>T-Net: A novel electroencephalogram signals-oriented emotion recognition model
No full textIn this paper, a novel skipping spatial–spectral–temporal network (S3T-Net) is developed to handle intra-individual differences in electroencephalogram (EEG) signals for accurate, robust, and generalized emotion recognition. In particular, aiming at the 4D features extracted from the raw EEG signals, a multi-branch architecture is proposed to learn spatial–spectral cross-domain representations, which benefits enhancing the model generalization ability. Time dependency among different spatial–spectral features is further captured via a bi-directional long-short term memory module, which employs an attention mechanism to integrate context information. Moreover, a skip-change unit is designed to add another auxiliary pathway for updating model parameters, which alleviates the vanishing gradient problem in complex spatial–temporal network. Evaluation results show that the proposed S3T-Net outperforms other advanced models in terms of the emotion recognition accuracy, which yields an performance improvement of 0.23% , 0.13%, and 0.43% as compared to the sub-optimal model in three test scenes, respectively. In addition, the effectiveness and superiority of the key components of S3T-Net are demonstrated from various experiments. As a reliable and competent emotion recognition model, the proposed S3T-Net contributes to the development of intelligent sentiment analysis in human–computer interaction (HCI) realm.This work was supported in part by the Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant 62073271, the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of China under Grant 20720220076, the Natural Science Foundation for Distinguished Young Scholars of the Fujian Province under Grant 2023J06010, and the National Science and Technology Major Project under Grant J2019-I-0013-0013
Promoting Objective Knowledge Transfer: A Cascaded Fuzzy System for Solving Dynamic Multiobjective Optimization Problems
Get PDFIn this article, a novel dynamic multiobjective optimization algorithm (DMOA) with a cascaded fuzzy system (CFS) is developed, which aims to promote objective knowledge transfer from an innovative perspective of comprehensive information characterization. This development seeks to overcome the bottleneck of negative transfer in evolutionary transfer optimization (ETO)-based algorithms. Specifically, previous Pareto solutions, center- and knee-points of multisubpopulation are adaptively selected to establish the source domain, which are then assigned soft labels through the designed CFS, based on a thorough evaluation of both convergence and diversity. A target domain is constructed by centroid feed-forward of multisubpopulation, enabling further estimations on learning samples with the assistance of the kernel mean matching (KMM) method. By doing so, the property of nonindependently identically distributed data is considered to enhance efficient knowledge transfer. Extensive evaluation results demonstrate the reliability and superiority of the proposed CFS-DMOA in solving dynamic multiobjective optimization problems, showing significant competitiveness in terms of mitigating negative transfer as compared to other state-of-the-art ETO-based DMOAs. Moreover, the effectiveness of the soft labels provided by CFS in breaking the “either/or” limitation of hard labels is validated, facilitating a more flexible and comprehensive characterization of historical information, thereby promoting objective and effective knowledge transfer.10.13039/501100001809-National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Number: 62073271);
10.13039/501100012226-Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (Grant Number: 20720220076);
Natural Science Foundation for Distinguished Young Scholars of the Fujian Province of China (Grant Number: 2023J06010);
National Science and Technology Major Project of China (Grant Number: J2019-I-0013-0013)
On Perceived AV Synchronization in 360° Multimedia
Get PDFMedia synchronization and, in particular, audiovisual (AV) synchronization, plays a pivotal role in multimedia systems, significantly impacting the quality of experience (QoE) perceived by users. What is intriguing is that despite the growing prevalence of multimedia content consumption in 360° environments, the issue of perceived AV synchronization remains relatively unexplored. To tackle this challenge, we present the results of a user study that assessed the influence of AV skews on QoE and the feeling of presence within 360° multimedia content. By examining the various effects of AV skews on the user experience, we gain valuable insights into the factors that shape QoE and presence in such immersive settings. These findings have the potential to improve the design and development of more engaging and effective multimedia content, ensuring a seamless and enjoyable experience for users in 360° contexts.This work was supported by the CAPES, Brazil—Finance Code 88887.570688/2020-00 and 88881.689984/2022-01; CNPQ, Brazil—Finance Code 307718/2020-4; and FAPES, Brazil—Finance Code 2021-GL60J
Judicial Imposition of the Death Penalty and Corporal Punishment in Iran and Saudi Arabia for Unlawful Consensual Sexual Relations under Shari’a: A Human Rights Critique
No full textN.B. Only the abstract is archived on this institutional repository.Islamic law (Shari’a) protects the right to marry between a man and a woman of marriageable age based on free and full consent of the intending spouses and to found a family. It prohibits all forms of sexual relations outside marriage including consensual premarital sexual intercourse (fornication), extramarital sexual intercourse (adultery), and consensual same-sex sexual acts between adults in private. Severe penalties are imposed including the death penalty for adultery, or consensual same-sex sexual acts and corporal punishments in the form of whip lashes/flogging for fornication. Both the Islamic Republic of Iran and the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia criminalise all consensual sexual relations outside marriage between a man and a woman based on domestic interpretations of Shari’a. Both States also impose the death penalty, including in the most extreme instance, stoning to death, persons convicted of consensual sexual relations outside marriage such as adultery and consensual same-sex sexual acts between adult males in private. In practice, sentences are applied in a discriminatory way affecting predominantly women and girls. In addition, corporal punishment of flogging is imposed on unmarried persons convicted of sexual intercourse outside marriage or imposed on women convicted of consensual same-sex sexual acts. This article considers whether the criminalisation of such sexual relations and the judicial imposition of the death penalty and/or corporal punishment are compatible with the international human rights obligations of Iran and Saudi Arabia as State parties to several international human rights treaties. It makes observation on whether Islamic States with specific reference to Iran and Saudi Arabia can comply with international human rights law while applying Islamic law
The influence of key account management on competitive advantage and firm performance: A dynamic capability approach
Get PDFData availability:
Data will be made available on request.Grounded in the dynamic capability view of the firm, the present research examines the mechanism of the influence of key account management orientation on the market and financial performance of B2B supplier firms and proposes a model of key account management orientation–organizational capabilities–competitive advantages–performance relationships. This research offers a nuanced understanding of how strategic orientation in key account management can drive sustainable competitive advantage and operational excellence. Examining the survey data of 568 B2B supplier firms based in Europe and conducting confirmatory factor analysis and covariance-based structural equation modeling through AMOS 23.0, we find that key account management orientation significantly affects relational and key account management capabilities that, in turn, result in differentiation advantage and key account management effectiveness. These competitive advantages subsequently enhance levels of market and financial performance. Moreover, the current research indicates that while formalization and innovativeness attenuate the effects of key account management orientation on relational and key account management capabilities respectively, environmental impact complements these capabilities augmenting key account management effectiveness. Moreover, in the case of managing relationships with key accounts, satisfaction is complementary to the acquired differentiation advantage, increasing levels of financial performance
Grasping Objects in Immersive Virtual Reality Environments: Challenges and Current Techniques
Get PDFIn real-life, grasping is one of the fundamental and effective forms of interaction when manipulating objects. This holds true in the physical and virtual world; however, unlike the physical world, virtual reality (VR) is grasped in a complex formulation that includes graphics, physics, and
perception. In virtual reality, the user’s immersion level depends on realistic haptic feedback and high-quality graphics, which are computationally demanding and hard to achieve in real-time. Current solutions fail to produce plausible visuals and haptic feedback when simulation grasping in VR with a variety of targeted object dynamics. In this paper, we review the existing techniques for grasping in VR and virtual environments and
indicate the main challenges that grasping faces in the domains. We aim to explore and understand the complexity of handgrasping objects with different dynamics and inspire various ideas to improve and come up with potential solutions suitable for virtual reality applications
Implementing work-based assessments in a level 7 data analytics digital degree apprenticeship: challenges and lessons for HEIs
Get PDFThis paper explores the incorporation of work-based learning in the Digital and Technology Solutions Specialist (DTSS) Master’s degree apprenticeship programme in a London-based Higher Education Institution. Specifically, innovative work-based assessments are introduced aiming at utilising workplace resources while meeting academic requirements. Challenges highlighted include balancing academic requirements and business needs as well as supporting learners, employers and academic staff in embracing and implementing the work-based nature of the assessments without compromising academic standards and quality of learning. Lessons are drawn for higher education institutions that consider introducing similar programmes
The Effects of Wars: Lessons from Ukraine
Get PDFThe devastating war in Ukraine has transformed our understanding of military combat and international politics in the 21st Century. Until now, analyses of the effects of wars – including this one – have tended to be compartmentalised by sub-disciplines. These include International Relations (IR), Security Studies, International Political Economy (IPE), History, Historical Sociology, Public Administration and Psychology, among many others. In contrast, taken together, and addressed from an interdisciplinary perspective, a new set of studies shows how the war has had deep and complex “ripple” and “washback” effects. These are affecting human life; human development; economies; values and attitudes; policy and governance; and power distribution and relations around the world. This complexity, therefore, derives from both the number of actors involved, areas of human society affected and their interconnections. In other words, each of these layers of society have scope to feedback on one another and feedback loops may in turn affect the evolution of conflict and the possibility of its resolution in the future
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