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Non-dual Awareness and Sensory Processing in Meditators: Insights from Startle Reflex Modulation
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Data will be made available on request.Startle modulation paradigms, namely habituation and prepulse inhibition (PPI), can offer insight into the brain’s early information processing mechanisms that might be impacted by regular meditation practice. Habituation refers to decreasing response to a repeatedly-presented startle stimulus, reflecting its redundancy. PPI refers to response reduction when a startling stimulus “pulse” is preceded by a weaker sensory stimulus “prepulse” and provides an operational measure of sensorimotor gating. Here, we examined habituation and PPI of the acoustic startle response in regular meditators (n = 32), relative to meditation-naïve individuals (n = 36). Overall, there was no significant difference between meditators and non-meditators in habituation or PPI, but there was significantly greater PPI in meditators who self-reported being able to enter and sustain non-dual awareness during their meditation practice (n = 18) relative to those who could not (n = 14). Together, these findings suggest that subjective differences in meditation experience may be associated with differential sensory processing characteristics in meditators.Bial Foundation grant (92/18) to Veena Kumari and Rakesh Pandey
The Great Transformation by Karl Polanyi is a classic critique of capitalism – but it wasn’t an overnight success
Get PDFThis article is republished from The Conversation under a Creative Commons license. Image rights: Everett Collection/Shutterstock; Alamy Stock Photo; Kutsenko Volodymyr/Shutterstock. Read the original article at https://theconversation.com/the-great-transformation-by-karl-polanyi-is-a-classic-critique-of-capitalism-but-it-wasnt-an-overnight-success-227727 .Hungarian social theorist Karl Polanyi is best known for his exploration of the collapse of liberal institutions that occurred between 1914 and 1945. His book, The Great Transformation, traces the catastrophes of those decades to the globalisation of market liberalism.Brunel University London provides funding as a member of The Conversation UK
Risks, innovation, and adaptability in the UK’s incrementalism versus the European Union’s comprehensive artificial intelligence regulation
Get PDFThe regulation of artificial intelligence (AI) should strike a balance between addressing the risks of the technology and its benefits through enabling useful innovation whilst remaining adaptable to evolving risks. The European Union’s (EU) overarching risk-based regulation subjects AI systems across industries to a set of regulatory standards depending on where they fall in the risk bucket, whilst the UK’s sectoral approach advocates for an incremental regulation. By demonstrating the EU AI Act’s inability to adapt to evolving risks and regulate the technology proportionately, this article argues that the UK should avoid the EU AI Act’s compartmentalized high-risk classification system. The UK should refine its incremental regulation by adopting a generic principle for risk classification that allows for contextual risk assessment whilst adapting to evolving risks. The article contends that if refined appropriately, the UK’s incremental approach that relies on coordinate sectionalism encourages innovation without undermining the UK technology sector’s competitiveness in the global market of compliant AI, while also mitigating the potential risks presented by the technology
Taking the edge off: a feasibility randomized controlled trial of an online mindfulness-based intervention to reduce suspiciousness/paranoia in high positive schizotypy
Get PDFClinical Trial Registration::https://www.isrctn.com/, identifier ISRCTN78697391 .Data availability statement: The raw data supporting the conclusions of this article will be made available by the authors, without undue reservation.Supplementary material: The Supplementary material for this article can be found online at: https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1380077/full#supplementary-material .Positive schizotypy can uniquely predict the development of psychosis with suspiciousness/paranoia having emerged as a key risk factor, pointing to significant worth in reducing this aspect in individuals with high positive schizotypy. Reduced paranoia in the general population following brief online mindfulness training has been previously reported. This study investigated the feasibility of a 40-day online mindfulness-based intervention (MBI) (n = 12) in the individuals with high positive schizotypy characterized by high suspiciousness/paranoia and to estimate its effect on paranoia as compared with an active control condition using reflective journaling (n = 12). The outcome measures were self-reported trait and VR-induced state paranoia, completed at baseline, after 10 days and post-intervention. The feasibility criteria included retention, adherence, engagement, and acceptability. There was 100% retention, excellent adherence to content and engagement, with an average MBI session completion rate of 91%. Acceptability, indexed by a self-rated motivation to continue practice post-intervention, was also high. No MBI effect on trait paranoia was observed; however, the MBI group showed a reduction in the VR-induced state paranoia with a medium-to-large effect (d = 0.63). The findings support conducting larger-scale randomized controlled trials to evaluate the effects of online MBIs on reducing suspiciousness/paranoia to mitigate psychosis risk in individuals with high positive schizotypy.This research was funded by the John Grace PhD Scholarship 2017, Mental Health Research UK, to PC and EA (Project title: Turning the Curse into a Blessing: Using Mindfulness to Reduce Schizophrenia Vulnerability in Psychosis-Prone Individuals), and the European Varela Award, Mind and Life Europe, to HM (2018-EVA-McDonald, Heather)
Combination of measurements of the top quark mass from data collected by the ATLAS and CMS experiments at and 8 TeV
No full textA preprint version of the article is available online at: arXiv:2402.08713v1 [hep-ex], https://arxiv.org/abs/2402.08713v1 . Comments: Submitted to Physical Review Letters. All figures and tables can be found at https://cms-results.web.cern.ch/cms-results/public-results/publications/TOP-22-001 (CMS Public Pages). Report number: CMS-TOP-22-001, ATLAS-TOPQ-2019-13, CERN-EP-2024-020.A combination of fifteen top quark mass measurements performed by the ATLAS and CMS experiments at the LHC is presented. The datasets used correspond to an integrated luminosity of up to 5 and 20 fb^−1 of proton-proton collisions at center-of-mass energies of 7 and 8 TeV, respectively. The combination includes measurements in top quark pair events that exploit both the semileptonic and hadronic decays of the top quark, and a measurement using events enriched in single top quark production via the electroweak channel. The combination accounts for the correlations between measurements and achieves an improvement in the total uncertainty of 31% relative to the most precise input measurement. The result is =172.52±0.14(stat)±0.30(syst) GeV, with a total uncertainty of 0.33 GeV.SCOAP3
Crack healing via electropulsing treatment applied to additive-manufactured TiC/316L stainless steel composites
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The authors do not have permission to share data.Supplementary data are available online at: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0167577X24005482?via%3Dihub#s0035 .Three coupons of TiC/316L stainless steel composites were fabricated by laser-based directed energy deposition (DED-LB). One coupon is crack-free, and the other two coupons have cracks inside. Electropulsing treatment (EPT) was applied to heal the cracks, with various current densities and 75 pulses on each sample. The cracks with widths of 0–200 μm can be healed by EPT. The microstructure of the healed region consists of refined fractured TiC particles and resolidified fine austenite grains. The EPT is able to potentially be applied to heal the defects or cracks in additive-manufactured metal-matrix composites.The EPT work at Brunel University was supported by the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme, in the context of the LEVEL-UP project, under grant agreement number 869991. DED-LB trials have been carried out under READI project (CER-20191020), funded by MICIIN/ & CDTI
Measurement of simplified template cross sections of the Higgs boson produced in association with W or Z bosons in the H decay channel in proton-proton collisions at = 13 TeV
No full textA preprint version of this article is available at arXiv:2312.07562v2 [hep-ex], https://arxiv.org/abs/2312.07562v2 . Comments: Replaced with the published version. Added the journal reference and the DOI. All the figures and tables, including additional supplementary figures, can be found at https://cms-results.web.cern.ch/cms-results/public-results/publications/HIG-20-001 (CMS Public Pages). Report number: CMS-HIG-20-001, CERN-EP-2023-270.Differential cross sections are measured for the standard model Higgs boson produced in association with vector bosons (, ) and decaying to a pair of quarks. Measurements are performed within the framework of the simplified template cross sections. The analysis relies on the leptonic decays of the and bosons, resulting in final states with 0, 1, or 2 electrons or muons. The Higgs boson candidates are either reconstructed from pairs of resolved -tagged jets, or from single large-radius jets containing the particles arising from two quarks. Proton-proton collision data at √=13 TeV, collected by the CMS experiment in 2016–2018 and corresponding to a total integrated luminosity of 138 fb−1, are analyzed. The inclusive signal strength, defined as the product of the observed production cross section and branching fraction relative to the standard model expectation, combining all analysis categories, is found to be =1.15+0.22
−0.20. This corresponds to an observed (expected) significance of 6.3 (5.6) standard deviations.SCOAP3
The Ethics of Humour and Comedy
Get PDFThis chapter deals with the ethics of humor and comedy by outlining and reviewing the different theoretical ethical arguments directed at humor and comedy. The chapter provides an original typology of ethical approaches to humor and comedy that is relevant for understanding and evaluating examples of controversial humor and comedy. The typology examines five interdisciplinary theories of the ethics of humor and comedy that center on a range of important features in ethical debates about humor and comedy including intention, meaning, language, identity, inequality, social relations, and othering. The chapter illustrates the typology by evaluating the applicability of each ethical theory of humor and comedy to Hannah Gadsby’s Netflix stand-up comedy special, Nanette. We illustrate that, as the line between ethical and unethical humor and comedy is fluid and linked to changing political and social concerns, academic research on the ethics of humor and comedy is a continuing endeavor. We suggest that new research should be aware of changing structures and conventions in comedy performance and offer ways in which future interdisciplinary research could advance understanding of the ethics of humor and comedy
Social Diversity and Precarious Organizations: An intersectional feminist perspective
Get PDFThe rise of precarious organizations exacerbated by neoliberal work arrangements underscores the need for a comprehensive exploration of their intersection with social diversity challenges. Historically, precarity has been examined with a focus on the uncertain organizational structures and processes, neglecting the diversity of the worker. To address this gap, we elaborate on the contributions in our themed section to offer an intersectional feminist perspective. An intersectional feminist perspective sheds light on the multi-layered experiences of the precarity of life for diverse groups so that organization studies might contribute more effectively to addressing the complexities posed by precarious organizations. We present conceptual and empirical insights that advance organization studies by deepening our understanding of the relational and situated dimensions of precarity, thereby contributing to theoretical and practical advancements
A Tri-Phases Message Oriented Trust Model in FANET
Get PDFWith advantages of convenience and flexibility, Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) are widely applied in various fields, such as inspection, agriculture, transportation, and so on. However, due to characteristics of Flying Ad Hoc Network (FANET) consisting of UAVs, such as dynamic topology and limited bandwidth, the security of messages is threatened by cyber attacks. A Tri-Phases Message Oriented Trust Model for FANET is proposed, called TPMOTM, to secure messages. In the proposed work, the message collection process is divided into three phases, including message generation, message transmission, and message integration. In each phase, by analyzing potential attacks and the circumstance of network, the TPMOTM quantifies the specific detection factors to obtain the trust value of messages, including timeliness, detection accuracy, message error rate, relay performance, authentication result, and message loss rate. After messages have been received by the Ground Station (GS), the GS integrates all messages in relation to the detected event, employing the message trust value as the weight, to obtain the state of detected event. Extensive simulations are conducted based on the Opportunistic Network Environment (ONE) simulator, with attack message detection rates reaching up to 95% ( ±0.89% ) and event detection accuracy rates typically above 85% ( ±1.21% ).Wuhan Knowledge Innovation Program (Grant Number: 2022010801010117);
Hubei Province International Science and Technology Collaboration Program (Grant Number: 2023EHA044);
MIC/SCOPE (Grant Number: #JP235006102)
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