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Measurement of the polarizations of prompt and non-prompt J/ψ and ψ(2S) mesons produced in pp collisions at √<inf>s</inf> = 13 TeV
No full textData availability: Release and preservation of data used by the CMS Collaboration as the basis for publications is guided by the CMS data preservation, re-use and open access policy (https://cms-docdb.cern.ch/cgi-bin/PublicDocDB/RetrieveFile?docid=6032&filename=CMSDataPolicyV1.2.pdf&version=2).A preprint version of the article is available on at arXiv:2406.14409v2 [hep-ex], https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2406.14409 . Comments: Replaced with the published version. Added the journal reference and the DOI. All the figures and tables can be found at http://cms-results.web.cern.ch/cms-results/public-results/publications/BPH-22-009 (CMS Public Pages). Report number: CMS-BPH-22-009, CERN-EP-2024-155.The polarizations of prompt and non-prompt J/ψ and ψ(2S) mesons are measured in proton-proton collisions at s√ = 13 TeV, using data samples collected by the CMS experiment in 2017 and 2018, corresponding to a total integrated luminosity of 103.3 fb−1. Based on the analysis of the dimuon decay angular distributions in the helicity frame, the polar anisotropy, λθ, is measured as a function of the transverse momentum, pT, of the charmonium states, in the 25-120 and 20-100 GeV ranges for the J/ψ and ψ(2S), respectively. The non-prompt polarizations agree with predictions based on the hypothesis that, for pT ≳ 25 GeV, the non-prompt J/ψ and ψ(2S) are predominantly produced in two-body B meson decays. The prompt results clearly exclude strong transverse polarizations, even for pT exceeding 30 times the J/ψ mass, where λθ tends to an asymptotic value around 0.3. Taken together with previous measurements, by CMS and LHCb at s√ = 7 TeV, the prompt polarizations show a significant variation with pT, at low pT.SCOAP³
Corporate identity management: A study of employees’ perceptions in the context of the retail and the hospitality and tourism sectors
Get PDFData Availability: Data will be made available on request.This research delves into the evolving landscape of corporate identity and its interplay with corporate reputation. To construct a relevant corporate identity scale, we relied on the existing literature and conducted comprehensive interviews with personnel in the hospitality and tourism, and retail sectors. We then gathered survey responses from 690 individuals in hospitality and tourism, and 649 in retail, to evaluate the corporate identity scale's dimensions and its link to corporate reputation. Our findings validate the proposed model, highlighting that corporate reputation is significantly shaped by various facets of corporate identity. Notably, empowerment directly influences corporate reputation, while elements like corporate purpose, strategy, culture, and a climate fostering inclusion and diversity have an indirect impact. The study underscores the importance of cultivating an inclusive, supportive workplace that prioritizes employee well-being and empowerment, thus underscoring employees’ pivotal role in enhancing an organization's reputation.No financial support was received for the conduct of this study or the preparation of this manuscript that could have influenced its outcome
Optimal STATCOM allocation using mixed integer distributed ant colony optimisation
Get PDFThis thesis was submitted for the award of Doctor of Philosophy and was awarded by Brunel University LondonThe global demand for electricity is rising rapidly, mainly due to the speeding up of industrialisation, the rapid growth of urbanisation, and the gradual integration of renewable energy sources in the last decades. As a result, the electrical power grids are required to operate at a high capacity near critical power angles and voltage limits, which increases the risk of affecting the electrical grid's voltage stability. This challenge is particularly significant as existing power grids evolve towards greater sustainability through the incorporation of renewable energy and the pursuit of net-zero carbon emissions, a goal actively supported and regulated by the UK government to achieve by 2050. However, enhancing the voltage stability of electrical grids is crucial to enabling the higher penetration of renewable energy resources, such as wind turbines, which can affect voltage stability and may compromise grid stability. In this environment, the Static Synchronous Compensator (STATCOM) plays an important role in enhancing the power system voltage stability by generating and absorbing reactive power; thus, it is essential to allocate the STATCOM at the optimal location with the optimal size in the grid to get the greatest results out of it. This thesis presents a novel optimisation approach to optimise the STATCOM allocation using Mixed Integer Distributed Ant Colony Optimisation (MIDACO) to enhance the voltage stability at minimum STATCOM installation cost. The key contribution of this thesis is providing the first attempt at utilising MIDACO in the load flow analysis for optimal STATCOM allocation and validates the MIDACO-based optimisation approach through its application to three different standard IEEE test systems: 14-Bus, 57-Bus, and 118-Bus. In addition to that, this thesis shows the impact of the different MIDACO parameters on the optimal STATCOM allocation for each test system and compares the MIDACO performance with three well-known metaheuristics algorithms: Genetic Algorithm (GA), Particle Swarm Optimisation (PSO), and Artificial Bee Colony (ABC). The results showed that MIDACO outperformed the other metaheuristics algorithms in the comparison, offering a fast and accurate tool for STATCOM allocation optimisation problems at different electrical grid sizes
Social ties and food insecurity in woman-headed households
Get PDFSupporting Information is available online at: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/sd.3143#support-information-section .Food insecurity is a global concern, as set in the Sustainable Development Goal 2. Previous research has focused on the demographics and socioeconomic determinants of food insecurity, while little attention has been paid to the role of social ties. Using a national representative survey of Chile, that includes a questionnaire to measure prevalence of food insecurity and 11 social ties, we estimate the prevalence of four groups using a sample of 70,677 households. Then, we focus on the sub-sample of 29,203 woman-headed households, who experience the largest food insecurity prevalence. We use a descriptive analysis, followed by a principal component analysis to aggregate 11 social ties in fewer components to assess the associations between social ties and food insecurity and to identify the ties with stronger impact. The results show that woman-headed households, without a partner, have a prevalence of moderate or severe food insecurity of 32.8%, 30.9%, 24.7%, after none, one and two social ties, respectively. This decreasing trend is also observed in woman-headed households with partners. We also found that the 11 social ties studied are highly correlated among them; they can be explained by two indexes—economic and education components. In particular, we found that economic and educational social ties are associated to a larger effect on food insecurity prevalence. This study provides evidence for policy-makers regarding investment on social ties to tackle food insecurity.Agencia Nacional de Investigación y Desarrollo. Grant Number: 2020 - 1120111;
National Agency for Research and Development (ANID)—FONDECYT de Iniciación. Grant Number: 2020—11201115
Imaging the Energy Deposited by a 20 MeV Proton Beam using a Commercial Liquid Scintillator
Get PDFTo image the three-dimensional distribution of the energy deposited by a 20 MeV proton beam in a radiobiological phantom we have simulated, using non-sequential raytracing, the visible light emitted by a commercial liquid scintillator
Exploring Artificial Intelligence Application to Heat Transfer: The Good, The Bad, The Hybrid
Get PDFKeynote speech at the 18th UK Heat Transfer Conference.Artificial Intelligence (AI) has disrupted several industries and for very good reasons. AI algorithms, combined with large computational power and scalability of the cloud are capable of finding non-obvious correlations in a large amount of data, predict future trends and help optimise various types of operations.
Several success stories of AI applications in our daily lives range from facial recognition to language translators and digital assistants. In science and business, AI has helped multiple industries including medicine (e.g. medical records mining, assistance to doctors in diagnosis and surgery, better drug development in minimal time), marketing (e.g. predicting customer behaviour) and is making strides with autonomous vehicles and even general AI, a human-like artificial intelligence capable of understanding and learning any intellectual task that a human brain can.
What about Thermal Systems? In this lecture, we will discuss the benefits and limitations of AI algorithms over traditional deterministic (physics based) models when applied to thermal systems. We will also discuss how more advanced approaches such as Physics-informed AI and Hybrid-AI which combine the power and scalability of AI with the robustness of deterministic models are currently being used to overcome the traditional limitations of AI methods.
Finally, we will use real-world examples that range from microscale phenomena (e.g. Pulsating Heat Pipes) to industrial applications (e.g. Heat Exchanger Networks) to illustrate the current capabilities of the methods, their limitations, and their true potential to revolutionise the heat transfer sector
A Pandemic of Power Relations Bio-Constitutional Implications of Commodification of the Right to Health, & Endemic Inequalities in a De-Globalising Malaysia
Get PDFThis chapter examines the bio-constitutional shifts in Malaysia following Covid-19’s onset and its implications for the right to health by specifically applying commodification theory. This shift has been exacerbated by the pandemic, forcing us to consider the amplification of endemic inequalities, which in turn reveal widening domestic cracks in fundamental regulatory systems, failures in democratic governance as well as inequitable access to distributive and substantive justice in healthcare and general welfare. Two main questions to ask are: (1) how this bio-constitutional shift has had an impact on the right to health and (2) if this right itself has become subject to commodification. This chapter argues that a combination of this shift and internal political affairs may have hastened Malaysia’s descent into deglobalisation, thus resulting in populist politics, the emergence of a modified form of democracy and persistent intra-political contestations among political parties, thus magnifying poverty rates and inequalities, leading to the “suspension” of constitutional rights and requiring citizens to renegotiate their positions accordingly
Corporate Brand Communication
Get PDFCorporate brand communication represents a distinctive approach to corporate communication by focusing on the corporate brand. Adopting a total corporate communication perspective, corporate brand communication comprises, promissory, primary, secondary, tertiary, and quaternary communication. Increasingly, organizations focus on their corporate brand/s and, consequently, corporate brand-based communication is of heightened significance in communicating – as well as realizing - the corporate brand promise/covenant as experienced by customers and other stakeholder
Environmental awareness and firm creation
Get PDFPurpose:
This study tests whether environmental awareness affects firm creation by using Google Trends data and a novel region-level data set from Italy.
Design/methodology/approach:
Forward-looking entrepreneurs drive firm creation. The authors hypothesize that more environmentally conscious entrepreneurs will emerge as environmental awareness rises, increasing the number of green and energy firms. The authors test the prediction using Google Trends data and a novel region-level data set from Italy.
Findings:
The authors find that not only the number of green and energy-innovative firms but also that of all innovative start-ups increases with rising environmental consciousness. The results imply some “innovation spillover” effects from green sectors to other industries with rising environmental awareness.
Originality/value:
The paper hypothesizes that as environmental awareness rises, more environmental-conscious entrepreneurs will emerge, which would increase the number of green and energy firms. Robustness and falsification tests are also offered
Persistence in high frequency financial data: the case of the Eurostoxx 50 futures prices
Get PDFJEL Classification: C22, G12An earlier version of this paper is available as a working paper at: https://www.brunel.ac.uk/economics-and-finance/research/pdf/2215-Oct-GMC-High-Frequency-persistence.pdf . It has not been certified by peer review.Copyright © 2024 The Author(s). Differences in the behaviour of asset prices depending on data frequency have not been thoroughly investigated in the literature despite their possible importance. In particular, high-frequency data might contain more information about financial assets because they are updated more rapidly in response to news. This paper explores persistence in high-frequency data (and also daily and monthly ones) in the case of the EuroStoxx 50 futures prices over the period from 2002 to 2018 (720 million trade records) using R/S analysis and the Hurst exponent as a measure of persistence. The results show that persistence is sensitive to the data frequency. More specifically, monthly data are highly persistent, daily ones follow a random walk, and intraday ones are anti-persistent. In addition, persistence varies over time. These findings imply that the Efficient Market Hypothesis (EMH) only holds in the case of daily data, whilst it is possible to make abnormal profits using trading strategies based on reversal strategies at the intraday frequency.Alex Plastun also gratefully acknowledges financial support from the Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine (0121U100473)
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