30793 research outputs found
Sort by
From Inner Sense to Outer Action: Interoception and Impulsive Compulsive Behavior Disorders in Parkinson's Disease
Get PDFData Availability Statement:
The data that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.Supporting Information is available online at: https://movementdisorders.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/mdc3.70187#support-information-section .Background:
Impulsive-compulsive behavior disorders (ICBDs) in Parkinson's disease (PD) include impulse control disorders (ICDs) and compulsive behaviors, often linked to dopaminergic treatment and altered reward processing. Interoception, the perception of internal bodily signals, plays a key role in emotional regulation and decision-making. Neuroimaging studies suggest that alterations in interoceptive and reward-related brain circuits may underlie ICDs in PD. However, the relationship between interoception and ICDs remains underexplored.
Objective:
To investigate the relationship between impulse control disorders (ICD) severity and interoceptive abilities—specifically interoceptive accuracy, insight, and self-reported interoception—in PD patients.
Methods:
Fifty-one participants were assessed using the Questionnaire for Impulsive-Compulsive Disorders in Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (QUIP-RS) alongside measures of interoceptive performance, anxiety, depression, and apathy.
Results:
Higher ICD severity predicted increased interoceptive insight and sensibility. No significant link was found between ICD severity and interoceptive accuracy. Additionally, higher Levodopa Equivalent Daily Dose (LEDD) was related to lower interoceptive insight, suggesting a potential modulatory effect of dopaminergic therapy on meta-cognitive interoception.
Conclusions:
These findings highlight the complex interplay between ICDs and interoception, suggesting that heightened self-reported interoception and interoceptive insight may reinforce impulsive behaviors in PD via enhanced bodily signal salience. This study contributes to understanding the characteristics of ICDs in PD, implicating reward-related circuits such as the insula and anterior cingulate cortex.CB and GS are supported by #NEXTGENERATIONEU (NGEU) and funded by the Ministry of University and Research (MUR), National Recovery and Resilience Plan (NRRP), project MNESYS (PE0000006)—A Multiscale integrated approach to the study of the nervous system in health and disease (DN. 1553 11.10.2022). CG is supported by #NEXTGENERATIONEU (NGEU) and funded by the Ministry of University and Research (MUR), National Recovery and Resilience Plan (NRRP), project RESTART (Prot. 2022WCMNTT)—Robot Enhanced Social abilities based on Theory of mind for Acceptance of Robot in assistive Treatments (DD no.861, CUP: I53D23003780001
Seismic Performance of T-Shaped Aluminum Alloy Beam–Column Bolted Connections: Parametric Analysis and Design Implications Based on a Mixed Hardening Model
Get PDFData Availability Statement:
The original contributions presented in this study are included in the article. Further inquiries can be directed to the corresponding author.The seismic design of aluminum alloy structures requires specific attention due to the material’s distinct mechanical properties compared to steel, which renders direct application of steel joint design methods inappropriate. This study investigates the seismic behavior of T-shaped aluminum alloy beam–column bolted connections, which consist of 6061-T6 aluminum alloy beams and columns connected by S304 stainless steel connectors via high-strength bolts. A finite element model, incorporating a mixed hardening constitutive model for accurate cyclic response, is established and validated against low-cycle cyclic loading tests. Parametric analyses evaluated the influence of L-shaped connector dimensions on hysteresis response, skeleton curves, stiffness degradation, energy dissipation, and ductility. Results demonstrate that increasing the thickness of the short leg of the L-shaped connector between the beam flange and column flange significantly enhances the ultimate bending moment, with an increase of up to 36.7% per 2 mm increment, alongside improved energy dissipation and ductility. Stiffness degradation follows a natural exponential decay, with residual stiffness between 23.85% and 32.57% at ultimate deformation. An efficiency analysis identifies the most cost-effective measures for seismic design. The primary novelty of this work lies in the successful application and validation of a mixed hardening model for simulating the complex cyclic behavior of T-shaped aluminum alloy connections, coupled with a systematic efficiency-oriented parametric study. The findings offer practical, quantitative guidelines for designing aluminum alloy bolted connections in seismic-prone regions.This research was funded by the Guangxi Key Research and Development Program: Research and Development of Key Technologies and Application Demonstration for CTC Integrated Scooter Frames Based on Aluminum Alloy Profiles (grant number Guike AB24010123); the Science and Technology Program Project of Housing and Urban–Rural Development Department of Henan Province: Key Technologies for Pile Foundation Construction and Bearing Performance Evaluation of Urban Viaducts in Complex Water-Rich Strata (grant number K-2303); the China State Construction Engineering Corporation (CSCEC) Technology R&D Project: Research on Complete Set of Technologies for Prefabricated Steel Deep Foundation Pit Support System (grant number CSCEC-2021-Z-22); and the Guangxi Enterprise Commissioned Science and Technology Project (Guangxi Wanyin Aluminum Building Materials Technology Co., Ltd.): Research on the Application of Aluminum Alloy Components in Green Building Seismic Engineering (grant number WYALKJ2023-001)
The measurement of agitation in neurocognitive disorders: A systematic review
Get PDFClinical Manifestations poster presentation at The Alzheimer’s Association International Conference (AAIC25), Toronto, Canada, 27-31 July 2025.Background
Agitation is a common and distressing behavior in persons with neurocognitive disorders. However, efforts to understand and develop interventions for agitation, historically considered only as a symptom, have been complicated by heterogeneity in the definition, identification, and measurement of agitation. The International Psychogeriatric Association (IPA) developed and then validated a consensus clinical and research syndromic definition of agitation in cognitive disorders. The Neuropsychiatric Syndromes Professional Interest Area Agitation Work Group conducted a systematic review to identify validated measures of agitation used in older persons with neurocognitive disorders and to evaluate their alignment with IPA criteria.
Method
This review was pre-registered on PROSPERO (CRD42023429494). We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, and PsycINFO from inception to June 30, 2023, using a search strategy that included term clusters for 1) neurocognitive disorders; 2) agitation; and 3) psychometric outcomes. Title/abstract screening was performed to include validation studies of original agitation scales in populations with neurocognitive disorders (e.g., mild cognitive impairment, dementia). The full texts of these studies were then reviewed to extract agitation scales. Scale instructions, items, and response fields for each scale were evaluated for alignment with IPA agitation criteria by at least three independent reviewers.
Result
A total of 2103 unique search records were retrieved, of which 1877 were excluded at title/abstract screening. From the 226 full-text articles, 39 unique agitation scales were identified. The three scales containing agitation items that showed the greatest alignment with IPA criteria were the Staff Observation Aggression Scale, Neuropsychiatric Inventory Nursing Home, and Modified Overt Aggression Scale. Although all 39 scales included at least one item measuring verbal aggression, eight scales did not address excessive motor activity, and five scales did not include items for physical aggression.
Conclusion
Numerous agitation scales have been validated in older populations with neurocognitive disorders. Yet, few fully align with the recently published IPA agitation criteria. Most commonly, scales did not adequately capture symptom persistence of at least two weeks or evidence of emotional distress. Additionally, scales varied widely in capturing individual IPA agitation domains of verbal aggression, excessive motor activity, and physical aggression
Search for a new scalar resonance decaying to a Higgs boson and another new scalar particle in the final state with two bottom quarks and two photons in proton-proton collisions at √s = 13 TeV
Get PDFA version of the article is available at arXiv:2508.11494v2 [hep-ex (https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.11494) under a CC BY licence. Comments: Replaced with the published version. Added the journal reference and the DOI. All the figures and tables can be found at https://cms-results.web.cern.ch/cms-results/public-results/publications/B2G-24-001 (CMS Public Pages). Report number: CMS-B2G-24-001, CERN-EP-2025-160. Journal reference: JHEP 12 (2025) 178. Submission history: From: The CMS Collaboration: [v1] Fri, 15 Aug 2025 14:17:08 UTC (2,124 KB); [v2] Tue, 30 Dec 2025 16:38:11 UTC (2,148 KB).A search is presented for a new scalar resonance, X, decaying to a standard model Higgs boson and another new scalar particle, Y, in the final state where the Higgs boson decays to a bb̅ pair, while the Y particle decays to a pair of photons. The search is performed in the mass range 240–1000 GeV for the resonance X, and in the mass range 70–800 GeV for the particle Y, using proton-proton collision data collected by the CMS experiment at √s = 13 TeV, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 132 fb⁻¹. In general, the data are found to be compatible with the standard model expectation. Observed (expected) upper limits at 95% confidence level on the product of the production cross section and the relevant branching fraction are extracted for the X → YH process, and are found to be within the range of 0.05–2.69 (0.08–1.94) fb, depending on mₓ and mᵧ. The most significant deviation from the background-only hypothesis is observed for X and Y masses of 300 and 77 GeV, respectively, with a local (global) significance of 3.33 (0.65) standard deviations.SCOAP3
Assessing food procurement greenhouse gas emissions and food waste in UK fine dining
Get PDFHighlights:
• First GHGE baseline for UK fine dining food procurement and waste.
• Bovine meat, lamb, and fish drive 71 % of food-related GHGE.
• GHGE per guest exceeds Eatwell Guide targets year-round.
• Food waste is the fourth-largest GHGE contributor.
• Monte Carlo analysis shows 4 % GHGE underestimation.Data availability:
Data will be made available on request.This research examines greenhouse gas emissions (GHGE) associated with food procurement and food waste in a UK fine dining restaurant. A comprehensive food procurement greenhouse gas emissions baseline was established, emission hotspots were identified, and food waste reduction targets previously set by the restaurant were verified.
A total of 6282 individual food purchases were reviewed. Due to repeat purchases, 941 distinct food and drink commodities were matched with 920 emissions factors from the WRAP Emission Factor Database v2.0, enabling a volume-based greenhouse gas emissions assessment. The analysis revealed seasonal variations and GHGE hotspots, providing a benchmark for similar catering operations. A Monte Carlo simulation was performed by randomising the emissions factors allocated to assess the sensitivity of the assessment. Despite the possible variation of emissions factors, the average GHGE per guest was found to be 5.87 kg CO2 eq. per guest (
) and 4.79 kg CO2 eq. per kg of food procured (±0.54). A dietary gap analysis found the associated GHGE exceed the range for GHGE per day/person of the Eatwell guide recommended by the British Dietetic Association as a healthy, sustainable diet. The analysis also shows that GHGE associated with food waste represents the fourth-largest contributor.
Establishing a baseline for GHGE of food waste and procurement supports measurable goal setting, intervention identification, and progress tracking towards emission reduction targets. The findings equip the business to design targeted and evidence-based interventions.The research was funded by XXX. [AL-J, AZ, CR, XSR are funded by the UK Food Systems Centre for Doctoral Training (The Partnership for Sustainable Food Future Centre for Doctoral Training (PSFF-CDT); Project Reference: BB/V011391/1.
Multi-Scale Shapley Adaptation Pruning: Realizing Backdoor Defense in Brain-Computer Interface With Shapley-Value-Based Neural Network Pruning
Get PDFIn the recent years, researchers made significant progress in electroencephalogram (EEG) classification tasks using deep neural networks, especially in brain-computer interface (BCI) systems. BCI systems rely on EEG signals for effective human-computer interaction, and deep neural networks have shown excellent performance in processing EEG signals. However, backdoor attack have a significant impact on the security of EEG-based BCI systems. In this paper, a novel multi-scale Shapley adaptation pruning (MSAP) method is proposed to solve the security problem caused by backdoor attack. In the proposed MSAP, the multi-scale Shapley segmented mapping method is used to accurately locate the backdoor weights. Subsequently, the cost function is utilized to adaptively prune the backdoor weights to ensure normal classification. Ultimately, the validity of the experiments is verified on the BCI competition public datasets (BCI-III-IVb, BCI-III-IVa, and BCI-IV-1a). The results show that the proposed MSAP method outperforms other pruning methods in defending EEG-based BCI systems against backdoor attack, maintaining a high baseline classification accuracy while reducing the attack success rate.10.13039/501100001809-National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Number: 72401233);
Jiangsu Provincial Scientific Research Center of Applied Mathematics (Grant Number: BK20233002);
10.13039/501100013088-Qinglan Project of Jiangsu Province of China;
Natural Science Foundation of the Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions of China (Grant Number: 23KJB520038);
Research Enhancement Fund of XJTLU (Grant Number: REF-23-01-008);
Deanship of Scientific Research (DSR) at King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia (Grant Number: GPIP: 72-135-2024)
Performance Evaluation of Concatenated Rate Splitting Multiple Access for 6G Multiuser Communication System
Get PDFRate splitting multiple access (RSMA) technology successfully mitigates same-channel interference among users and enhances system performance through flexible control of rate distribution. This study presents an integration of 6G concatenated code with RSMA to offer an improved ultra-reliable communication for a 6G multi-cell communication system. In current wireless communication networks, having imperfect channel state information (CSI) is unavoidable, which leads to significant multi-user interference in multi-antenna broadcast channels, which reduces the data rate, system reliability, reducing the overall quality of service (QoS). This study, breaks this limitation and propose a novel scheme, denoted as Concatenated Rate Splitting Multiple Access (C-RSMA), that relies on the 6G coding technique to encode the private parts of RSMA data blocks. The study demonstrate that the rate region of C-RSMA in a multiple input single output (MISO) system with partial CSI is expanded beyond that of traditional coded RSMA, where C-RSMA achieves higher data rate of 103 Tbps, and 99.95% reliability
Relation between Environmental Sustainable Development Goals and Sustainable Tourism: Current Status and Future Prospects
Get PDF..
Item-Level Analysis of Category Fluency Test Performance: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Studies of Normal and Neurologically Abnormal Ageing
Get PDFData Availability:
All data supporting the findings of this study are available within the paper and its Supplementary Information. Tables S1–S3 include all data used in the meta-analytical section of the study.Supplementary Information is available online at: https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11065-024-09657-z#Sec15 .Highlights:
• A review of item-level scores of Category Fluency words in ageing was carried out.
• People with a clinical neurological diagnosis generate words of lower complexity.
• Meta analyses confirmed a statistical effect for frequency and age of acquisition.
• Ageing, instead, does not seem to influence average item-level scores.
• Item-level scores can be of help in the clinical characterisation of individuals.While Category Fluency (CF) is widely used to help profile semantic memory, item-level scoring (ILS) approaches to this test have been proposed to obtain indices that are less influenced by non-semantic supportive functions. We systematically reviewed the literature to test the hypotheses that (1) compared with healthy adults, individuals with a clinical diagnosis suggestive of neurodegeneration generate words of lower semantic complexity; (2) compared with young adults, older adults generate words of higher semantic complexity. We searched six databases (date of search: 8 December 2023) for studies that relied on CF and ILS methods, in normal ageing and in age-associated neurodegeneration. Thirty-four studies were shortlisted: 27 on neurodegenerative conditions; 7 on normal ageing. Risk of bias was evaluated via a published checklist. Data were presented via qualitative synthesis. Most studies reported words of lower semantic complexity in relation to at least one item-level feature in individuals with mild cognitive impairment (MCI), Alzheimer’s dementia (AD), and other neurodegenerative diseases. Post-hoc meta-analyses focussing on the MCI/AD continuum confirmed an effect on words’ frequency (385 MCI/AD individuals and 350 controls; Hedges’s G = 0.59) and age-of-acquisition (193 MCI/AD individuals and 161 controls; Hedges’s G = − 1.51). Studies on normal ageing, conversely, failed to demonstrate any overall effect. Most studies on MCI and AD have not relied on neurobiological diagnostic criteria. Moreover, only a small number of studies analysed ILS controlling for quantitative CF performance. Despite these two limitations, this study suggests that ILS can contribute to an in-depth characterisation of semantic memory in neurological ageing.This research was supported by an Alzheimer’s Association Research Grant (23AARG-1030190) to MDM
Metaverse in Hospitality and Tourism: Guest Editorial
No full textThe metaverse represents a transformative evolution of the internet, integrating virtual reality (VR), augmented reality (AR), artificial intelligence (AI) and blockchain technologies to seamlessly merge physical and digital realms..
Data sources:
Access Repository Dashboard
Do you manage Open Research Online? Become a CORE Member to access insider analytics, issue reports and manage access to outputs from your repository in the CORE Repository Dashboard! 👇