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Social and Emotional Knowledge in Hippocampal Amnesia
Get PDFThe hippocampus has been found to play a role in general semantic knowledge, but it is unclear if it plays a role in social and emotional semantics. This study seeks to evaluate the role of the hippocampus in social and emotional semantics through the study of patients with hippocampal damage and severe amnesia. Although previous literature has shown that individuals who have damage to their hippocampus show deficits in neutral words, we predict that the hippocampal amnesic group should show the same social-emotional knowledge as the healthy control group. For this study, we investigate this by using more sensitive measures to determine if individuals with damage to their hippocampus show similarities in their social and emotional knowledge as compared to healthy individuals. Participants from the amnesic (n=5) and healthy control (n=16) groups completed feature (bank: loans, accounts, tellers, etc.), and sense-listing tasks (bank: financial institution, land next to a river). Within these tasks, responses for social and emotional words were noted. For the features task, the amnesic group produced significantly fewer features compared to the healthy group. For the senses task, the amnesic group produced significantly fewer senses compared to the healthy group. These findings suggest that patients with hippocampal amnesia show deficits in social and emotional knowledge. Further, this indicates that the hippocampus may play a role in social and emotional knowledge and memory. These findings are relevant for other patient groups with hippocampal abnormalities, and deficits in social and emotional behavior, such as patients with autism or Alzheimer\u27s Disease
The Anchor: October 2023
Get PDFThe Anchor began in 1887 and was first issued weekly in 1914. Covering national and campus news alike, Hope College’s student-run newspaper has grown over the years to encompass over two-dozen editors, reporters, and staff. For much of The Anchor\u27s history, the latest issue was distributed across campus each Wednesday throughout the academic school year (with few exceptions). In recent years The Anchor moved to monthly print issues and a more frequently updated website. The Anchor is now published in print twice per academic semester. Occasionally, the volume and/or issue numbering is irregular
Neither Mad Genius nor Man-Child : Reframing Popular Discourse Around Thelonious Monk’s Music and Madness
Get PDFThe field of Disability Studies has only begun to intersect with scholarship in music theory and musicology in the last two decades. Mad Studies, a subfield of Disability Studies, reframes Madness as a sociocultural identity instead of individualizing it as mental illness . Joseph Straus categorizes commentary on Mad musicians based on the binary of the medical and sociocultural models of disability. These categories are all based in the medical model and are based on the degree of correlation between a composer\u27s music and Madness. While these categories are useful to explore common tropes such as the mad genius or the tortured artist , they do not fully address the systems of oppression that impacted the lives and music of twentieth-century Mad jazz musicians. Jazz pianist Thelonious Monk was famous for his dissonant, playful musical and personal aesthetic. Popular narratives around this aesthetic have focused on Monk as either a mad genius or a man-child . Monk\u27s ballad Crepuscule with Nellie directly undermines both of these narratives by serving as a serious, expressive, and realized piece of art. The analysis of this piece embedded within the context of popular media confronts typical stereotypes of Monk with thoughtfully rendered artistic statements
Empathy and Pre-service Teachers: How Much is Too Much?
Get PDFResearch shows that burnout happens when educators feel emotionally exhausted (Crosby, Howell & Thomas, 2018). Similar to burnout, compassion fatigue is a result of emotional exhaustion that occurs after repeatedly being exposed to secondary trauma ( Johnson, 2018). It has been documented that roughly 75% of educators experience high levels of compassion fatigue (Koenig Rodger, & Specht, 2018) and many of these educators leave their job. This information is vital to school administrators, parents, and the community in order to keep good teachers in the field.
Research shows that burnout happens when educators feel emotionally exhausted (Crosby, Howell & Thomas, 2018). Similar to burnout, compassion fatigue is a result of emotional exhaustion that occurs after repeatedly being exposed to secondary trauma ( Johnson, 2018). It has been documented that roughly 75% of educators experience high levels of compassion fatigue (Koenig Rodger, & Specht, 2018) and many of these educators leave their job. This information is vital to school administrators, parents, and the community in order to keep good teachers in the field.
In this research, we are wondering if signs of compassion fatigue show up as early as the student teaching semester. In that vein, our quantitative research question is: Do student teachers demonstrate signs of compassion fatigue? For this study, 55 out of 75 (73%) of student teachers from a midwestern small liberal arts college anonymously completed the instrument, Professional Quality of Life Scale at the end of their student teaching semester. Interestingly, 100% (n=55) of these student teachers reported that they are feeling some level of compassion fatigue. This vast number shows the need for future and continued research in this area of compassion fatigue and how early it shows in a teacher\u27s career.
Research shows that burnout happens when educators feel emotionally exhausted (Crosby, Howell & Thomas, 2018). Similar to burnout, compassion fatigue is a result of emotional exhaustion that occurs after repeatedly being exposed to secondary trauma (Johnson, 2018). It has been documented that roughly 75% of educators experience high levels of compassion fatigue (Koenig Rodger, & Specht, 2018) and many of these educators leave their job. This information is vital to school administrators, parents, and the community in order to keep good teachers in the field.
In this research, we are wondering if signs of compassion fatigue show up as early as the student teaching semester. In that vein, our quantitative research question is: Do student teachers demonstrate signs of compassion fatigue? For this study, 55 out of 75 (73%) of student teachers from a midwestern small liberal arts college anonymously completed the instrument, Professional Quality of Life Scale at the end of their student teaching semester. Interestingly, 100% (n=55) of these student teachers reported that they are feeling some level of compassion fatigue. This vast number shows the need for future and continued research in this area of compassion fatigue and how early it shows in a teacher\u27s career
Temporal Analysis of Former High School Athletes’ Perceptions of Fitness as They Enter College
Get PDFResearchers suggest that physical activity promotion may be necessary to preserve former athletes\u27 long-term health and transition out of sport in retirement. Exploratory research has revealed that the fitness perceptions (a known contributor to exercise behavior) of former high school athletes (FHSAs) who do not continue sports in college fluctuate over the course of their freshman year. To inform potential intervention efforts in this population, the purpose of this study was to explore why FHSAs\u27 perceptions of fitness vary over their freshman year of college. Methods: Participants completed eight online surveys over their first year of college, within which they explained their present perceptions of their fitness via an open-ended response. These responses were thematically analyzed by survey and a frequency analysis was conducted to determine how often each theme appeared over time. Results: Thirty-five participants completed the surveys (28 women, 18±0 years). Sixteen themes were constructed that occurred anywhere from 1-7 times (M±SD: 3±2) across the eight surveys. Themes incorporated, but were not limited to, factors including perceptions of body image, maintaining a consistent routine and effort toward exercise, comparison to past athleticism, and varying degrees of acceptance of fitness given barriers associated with their college and sports transition. Conclusion: Common themes mentioned by participants fluctuated over time. Certain themes (i.e., body image considerations, putting in effort to maintain exercise, seeks to improve fitness ) were constructed across multiple surveys, indicating these factors were more constant in contributing to participants\u27 perceptions of fitness over time than others that occurred less frequently (i.e., desires previous high school fitness, physical ailments, no change/continuing usual routine ). Understanding how these factors fluctuate and affect fitness perceptions over the course of FHSAs\u27 transition provides key information that will aid in creating more specific and effective behavioral interventions in the future for this population
A New Art for a New China
Get PDFA poster for the exhibition A New Art for a New China held August 26–December 16, 2023.https://digitalcommons.hope.edu/kam_poster/1057/thumbnail.jp
The Acute Effects of Incorporating Lower Limb Foam Rolling into a Dynamic Warm Up for Men’s Soccer Player Aerobic Endurance and Muscular Power Performance
Get PDFWarming up before exercise increases muscle metabolism and reduces the risk of injury. Soccer players are prone to lower limb injuries, therefore a warm up that reduces injury and improves performance is ideal. Foam rolling is known to reduce delayed onset muscle soreness, loosen muscle fascia, and promote blood flow to muscles when utilized post-exercise. As such, the inclusion of foam rolling in conjunction with a dynamic warm up prior to exercise may further reduce injury risk and optimize performance. However, current research has not examined the relationship between combining foam rolling with a dynamic warm up on exercise performance. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to determine if foam rolling combined with a dynamic warm up will improve aerobic endurance and muscular power over that of a dynamic warm up alone. Men’s collegiate soccer players will be recruited for this study. All participants will complete a familiarization trial, within which they will complete a Vertec vertical jump test, an interval shuttle run test (ISRT), and learn the foam rolling and dynamic warm up protocols. Following the familiarization, participants will complete two randomized trials scheduled one week apart: one where they will perform lower-limb foam rolling with a dynamic warm up before exercise, and one where they will complete the dynamic warm up alone. Exercise during these trials will include the vertical jump test and a modified version of their ISRT, based on their results from baseline. Data will be analyzed using a within-subjects paired samples t-test. Significant results will allow the Hope College men\u27s soccer team to have a more effective warm up that would give them a competitive advantage during games while reducing injury risk. This study is ongoing, and results will be available during the poster celebration
Ammonia Inhalants Impact on Shot Put Throw Distance
Get PDFA variety of ergogenic aids have been researched in the past to assess effects on athletic performance. One potential aid relatively unstudied is ammonia inhalants (AI’s), commonly referred to as smelling salts. AI’s have been found to enhance peak and mean power output (PPO/MPO) in anaerobic activities. Because shot put throws rely primarily on anaerobic power, there is the potential for AI’s to improve performance. This study was designed to determine whether an acute, one second inhalation of a commercially available AI immediately prior to a shot put throw would increase the total distance a college athlete shot putter (n=10) could throw in meters. Following a baseline analysis, subjects were matched into two separate groups based on initial shot put throw distance without the use of AI’s. During the first testing day one group performed three trials using a one-second acute inhalation of AI immediately followed up by a maximal shot put throw. Shot puts were thrown using a standing/power throw, rather than with full technique (glide or spin) to reduce error. The second group performed the same procedure but with a placebo inhalant. Ten minutes of passive rest separated each trial. The second testing day involved the same procedure with the exception that the substance each individual used was switched. It was hypothesized that the three second inhalation of AI would significantly increase the shot put distance thrown. Significant results would suggest that an acute ammonia inhalation may improve shot put throw distance. This study is ongoing and the results will be available during the spring research poster celebration
Characterization of Select Lysine Mutations of the Cystine/Glutamate Transporter, System x\u3csub\u3ec\u3c/sub\u3e\u3csup\u3e-\u3c/sup\u3e
Get PDFSystem xc- is a membrane transport system that plays a critical role in mitigating oxidative stress. As such, its regulation is critical for proper brain functioning. Recent work in our lab has shown that System xc- activity increases immediately during an oxidative insult by undergoing a change in localization to the plasma membrane, but we have yet to identify the specific mechanism for the redistribution of the transporter. Previous studies have demonstrated that post-translational modifications of proteins can lead to differential protein distribution within cells. Therefore, in this study, we sought to determine if post-translational modification (PTM) of the transporter regulates its trafficking. First, we identified four conserved lysines (K37, K422, K472, K473) which exhibit decreased activity upon mutation to arginine, suggesting that PTM of these sites increases activity. We used biotinylation to examine the effects of the mutations on transporter localization in the cells, and we evaluated the effects these mutations had on the tendency for these transporters to undergo PTM. As such, this approach allowed us to directly relate changes in PTM status at these select lysines with changes in transporter localization. Our biotinylation results demonstrate K472R and K473R do not appear to shift to the membrane following peroxide treatment, and follow up immunocytochemistry analysis suggests they may be stuck in the endoplasmic reticulum. We also observed that K473R exhibits a 5-10 kD decrease in the molecular weight, indicating that K473 is modified under basal conditions. However, neither mutation impacted the ubiquitination status of xCT. Therefore, we are currently working to identify the PTM that occurs at these lysines, and our preliminary data suggests that K473R may exhibit changes in its glycosylation relative to wild-type and the other mutants. Collectively, these data suggest that PTM of K472 and K473 support xCT delivery to the membrane under basal conditions