16144 research outputs found
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Is it Worth the Wait? The Effect of a Woman’s Sexual History on Divorce
No full textThis research estimates the role that a woman’s number of previous sexual partners has on the outcome of her first marriage. The social sciences have notable literature regarding this effect, and though economists have joined the conversation in regards to examining the impact of cohabitation, there are no economic studies on the impact of a woman’s sexual history. Advanced econometric methods can separately identify the effects of religion, age, education, and cohabitation, as well as explore the causal impact of a woman’s number of sexual partners. The Female Respondent File of the 2006-2010 National Survey of Family Growth provides data on the past intimate relationships of over 12,000 women. I examine this information along with other variables including religiosity and income to account for potentially confounding factors. This study uses age of menarche as an instrument for number of sexual partners. While an OLS model suggests a significant positive correlation between the number of premarital sexual partners on the likelihood of divorce, an instrumental variable strategy fails to identify analogous causation. In both models the number of premarital cohabitations is positively correlated with divorce. Ultimately, causality is unclear due to a lack of statistical significance in the instrumental variable
The Effects of Existential Threats and Relationship Security on Social Attitudes
No full textHuman beings function best when they have a sense of meaning in their lives. We imbue meaning to things in our lives as a shield against our overwhelming fear of death (Greenberg, Pyszczynski, & Solomon, 1986). After facing thoughts of death, it has been suggested that one increases defensiveness towards outgroup members (Van Tongeren, Green, Davis, Worthington, & Reid). Past research has indicated that relationship commitment correlates with a range of positive psychological outcomes. In the present study, our aim is to determine whether positive relationships act as a terror management mechanism to decrease defensiveness towards members of the out-group (feminists). We hypothesize that priming a secure relationship and thoughts about physical pain will lead to less negative ratings of an out-group member (confederate posing as a feminist) than the ratings of a participant primed with an insecure relationship and thoughts about their own death. After completing a series of individual difference measures, participants were randomly assigned to one of four conditions (secure relationship/physical pain; secure relationship/death; insecure relationship/physical pain; insecure relationship/death). Both primes consisted of a writing activity. Following this, participants completed another series of relationship and outcome measures. Once completing the packet, participants were directed to a room to be debriefed by a lab assistant wearing a shirt that read, “this is what a feminist looks like.” After the debriefing, participants were to evaluate the RA. We discuss our findings and the implications of our research. This study will contribute to the understanding of Terror Management Theory and what potential safeguards might be beneficial
Suicidality and Relationship with Self, Others, God, and Environment
No full textThe state of mental health in South Korea is very poor, where a flourishing mental health state is rare and a struggling one is the norm. Suicide statistics in Korea are the highest among Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) nations, with statistics of students’ happiness ranking Korea at the bottom of the world alongside third-world countries. Studies show that the old and the young, specifically, high school students, are two of the most vulnerable populations in this suicide epidemic. To contribute to the on-going conversation of research on the mental health of students in South Korea, this study examines a South Korean high school student’s relationship with themselves, with others, with God, and with their current environment in conjunction with their suicidality. An online survey was developed for high school students in South Korea. The survey was also completed by two groups of undergraduate students who either had or did not have experience in Korean high schools. The expected results from the study include that suicidality will have an inversely correlated relationship with all four of the relationship variables, that a selected high school’s academic prestige and choice of educational system will both have a significant relationship with suicidality, and that age, more specifically, a student’s grade level in high school, will have a significant positive correlation with suicidality. The study will increase our awareness and understanding of a Korean high school student’s suicidality and relationships, and may have valuable and potentially life-saving implications in how we learn and adapt
SuNSCREEN: A cosmic-ray veto detector for capture-reaction measurements
No full textThe Summing Nal(TI) detector (SuN) is used in nuclear astrophysics experiments measuring (p,gamma) and (alpha,gamma) reactions. The main background in these experiments in the energy region of interest comes from cosmic rays. The Scintillating Cosmic Ray Eliminating Ensemble (SuNSCREEN) was developed to be combined with the SuN detector to increase the sensitivity of reaction cross-section measurements by reducing the cosmicray background. SuNSCREEN is a plastic scintillating array consisting of 9 bars, which are positioned in a roof-like configuration above SuN. A significant reduction of the background was observed in the energy region of interest. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved
The Distributional Effects Of The Multi-track Year-round Calendar: A Quantile Regression Approach
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Combating Anti-Statistical Thinking Using Simulation-Based Methods Throughout the Undergraduate Curriculum
No full textThe use of simulation-based methods for introducing inferen-ce is growing in popularity for the Stat 101 course, due in part to increasing evidence of the methods ability to improve studen-ts\u27 statistical thinking. This impact comes from simulation-based methods (a) clearly presenting the overarching logic of inference, (b) strengthening ties between statistics and probability/mathematical concepts, (c) encouraging a focus on the entire research process, (d) facilitating student thinking about advanced statistical concepts, (e) allowing more time to explore, do, and talk about real research and messy data, and (f) acting as a firm-er foundation on which to build statistical intuition. Thus, we argue that simulation-based inference should be an entry point to an undergraduate statistics program for all students, and that simulation-based inference should be used throughout all under-graduate statistics courses. To achieve this goal and fully recognize the benefits of simulation-based inference on the undergraduate statistics program, we will need to break free of historical forces tying undergraduate statistics curricula to mathematics, consider radical and innovative new pedagogical approaches in our courses, fully implement assessment-driven content innovations, and embrace computation throughout the curriculum.[Received December 2014. Revised July 2015
Graded Exercise Testing in a Pediatric Weight Management Center: The DeVos Protocol
No full textBackground: In this article, we describe a protocol used to test the functional capacity of the obese pediatric patient and describe the peak oxygen consumption (VO2peak) of patients seeking treatment at a pediatric weight management center. Methods: One hundred eleven (mean age, 12.5 +/- 3.0 years) patients performed a multistage exercise test on a treadmill, of which 90 (81%) met end-test criteria and provided valid VO2peak data. Peak VO2 was expressed: (1) in absolute terms (L min(-1)); (2) as the ratio of the volume of oxygen consumed per minute relative to total body mass (mL kg(-1) min(-1)); and (3) as the ratio of the volume of oxygen consumed per minute relative to fat-free mass (mL center dot FFM center dot kg(-1). min(-1)) Results: Mean BMI z-score was 2.4 +/- 0.3 and the mean percent body fat was 36.5 +/- 9.7%. Absolute VO2peak (L center dot min(-1)) was significantly different between sexes; however, relative values were similar between sexes. Mean VO2peak was 25.7 +/- 4.8 mL center dot kg(-l center dot) min(-1) with a range of 13.5-36.7 mL seeking treatment at a stage 3 pediatric weight management center exhibit low VO2peak. The protocol outlined here should serve as a model for similar programs interested in the submaximal and peak responses to exercise in obese pediatric patients
Partial melting in amphibolites in a deep section of the Sveconorwegian Orogen, SW Sweden
No full textGarnet amphibolite metataxites at the Steningekusten Nature Reserve in southwestern Sweden contain tonalitic patches and veins. Whole rock chemistry suggests that the protoliths were mafic igneous rocks with alkaline affinities. Orthopyroxene megacrysts are present in leucosome in parts of these garnet amphibolites but absent in others. Orthopyroxene megacrysts were formed by vapor-absent melting initiated by incongruent melting of biotite followed by the breakdown of hornblende. The net reaction was Bt + Hbl + PI +/- Qtz \u3c-\u3e Opx + Melt + Cpx + Gt. Melting occurred at pressures of approximately 1 GPa and temperatures which probably exceeded 800 degrees C. Pyroxenes are surrounded by hornblende-quartz symplectites, and hornblende in these coronas has distinctly lower concentrations of (Na + K) and Ti than that in adjacent mesosorne. The hornblende rims formed upon cooling and reaction with crystallizing melt This created a barrier to further reaction thus preserving the orthopyroxene megacrysts. Garnet amphibolite metatexites lacking pyroxene megacrysts have features characteristic of vapor-present melting including lack of peritectic phases predicted by vapor-absent melting reactions, larger amounts of leucosome (14 versus 7%), and less distinct melanosomes. The variation in these migmatites reflects open system behavior, either on a regional scale with the migration of aqueous fluids into the amphibolites or on a local scale with the migration of melt within the amphibolites. Zircons from all units have CL-dark core domains that are dated at 1415-1390 Ma. The core zones are cut and overgrown by CL-dark and CL-bright rims that are dated at 975-965 Ma. The zircon rims are thin in the mesosome but are thicker in the leucosome suggesting that they formed during migmatization. New growth of zircon associated with migmatization at ca. 970 Ma corresponds to the timing of crustal scale partial melting in the deep regions of the Sveconorwegian orogen, synchronous with east-west extension and the intrusion of mafic dykes. If partial melting was driven by an influx of aqueous fluids, they were probably derived from a relatively cool source region, which would indicate tectonic juxtaposition of hotter and cooler terranes. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved
