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The Effects of Education on Economic Growth
No full textThere are strong reasons why education can help promote economic growth that do not always bear out in empirical research. Models, including both the Solow and Romer growth models, attempt to predict economic growth with many considering the effects of investments in human capital. I hypothesize that educational investments in developing countries have a significant positive impact on economic growth, but differ by region. Studying education and economic growth is important for determining why some developing countries are not keeping pace with others and influencing government policy toward education. According to the Global Monitoring Report from the World Bank, several developing counties invest only slightly more than 3 percent of their Gross National Income in education, less than the world average of 5.1 percent. Using data from the World Bank, this research tests the effects of various education indicators on economic growth using regression analysis including country fixed effects
Sexual Assault on Campus: How Does Socioeconomic Background Determine a Student’s Likelihood to Report?
No full textThis study examines the effect of students’ family income on the number of reported sexual assaults on U.S. college campuses. Media coverage of college sexual assault pervades the news cycle. Studies have shown that sexual assault not only negatively impacts individuals physically and psychologically, but also negatively impacts their productivity and future labor outcomes and wages. While many colleges have increased efforts toward awareness and implemented prevention programs for sexual violence, it is still underreported by the individual and by the schools. The U.S. Department of Education College Scorecard Data and Campus Safety and Security Data provide information on the socioeconomic makeup of colleges and the number of sexual assault reports annually of each college and university in the United States. Past studies indicate that an individual’s incentive to report crime is dependent on both their personal socioeconomic background and that of their environment. Social support is a benefit from reporting that may have a direct relationship with income. Potential social and psychological costs influence an individual’s decision to report sexual assault. By studying reporting of sexual assault at colleges across the nation, this research will determine whether college and individual characteristics influence the probability that sexual assault occurs and is reported
Done Fuming Over High Gas Costs: Do Low Gas Prices Increase Automobile Purchases?
No full textRecently, the United States has experienced the lowest gasoline prices per gallon in over a decade due to new technologies such as fracking and the opening of several oil reserves. These new, low gas prices allow households to experience false positive savings because the gasoline financial burden is lessened. This paper studies the effect on consumer demand for cars while paying specific attention to the effects of gasoline prices on automobile purchases. The data consists of nationwide, state level of monthly gasoline prices, gross state product, and car sales between 2005 and 2016. Evidence shows, historically, that the price of gasoline has impacted the way that automobiles are purchased. In times of high gas prices, consumers demand highly fuel-efficient vehicles as opposed to large passenger vehicles or gas-guzzlers. This paper aims to show the impact of all-time low gas prices on the market as a whole and whether an increase in automobile sales is experienced
A Legacy of Hope: An Exploration of Emmanuel Cathedral’s Engagement with the Anti-apartheid Struggle from 1984-1994
No full textThis is an exploration of how Emmanuel Cathedral in Durban, South Africa, as a local faith community, engaged in the anti-apartheid struggle from 1984-1994. The study explores the reasons for the parish’s muted response to apartheid while highlighting the overt opposition to the injustices by Archbishop Denis Hurley. The narration explicates the parish’s apathy towards apartheid as an example of the Church’s universal struggle to remain relevant and actively responsive to society’s needs. Moreover, it is explained that the Cathedral’s contemporary emphasis on social justice is a result of Archbishop Hurley’s ministry as the parish priest after his retirement from serving as Archbishop of Durban. The study concludes by resolving that the role of the parishioners within society is to emulate Archbishop Hurley who prophetically stood for the truth despite the consequences or temptation to maintain the status quo. This auto-ethnographical case study includes interviews with past and present clerical staff, parishioners and associates of Emmanuel Cathedral to understand the lived experience of the faith community during the period in question. In addition, the repositories of Diakonia Council of Churches, Archdiocese of Durban Chancery, Inanda Seminary, St. Joseph’s Theological Institute and the Nelson Mandela and Robert Sobukwe Library at the Seth Mokitimi Methodist Seminary are utilized to historically frame and enhance the interviews, promoting a continued commitment to social justice within Emmanuel Cathedral and encouraging a future of prophetic action
Changing the Culture: Developing Creative Problem Solvers
Get PDFMathematics embraces creativity and beauty yet often our children are immersed in classroom activities where these attributes are hidden by an overemphasis on algorithms, computational speed and known answers that can be found in the back of the book or with a quick Google search. This learning environment creates a false perception of what it means to be “good at math.” From the research we know than many of our elementary school teachers have negative attitudes towards mathematics; an attitude students pick up and adopt which may foster the development of the reluctant, impatient problem solvers we find in our undergraduate classrooms. A change in the culture to one that both acknowledges and values the creative nature of mathematics is long overdue.
The Partnership for 21st Century Skills in conjunction with the National Council of Teachers of Mathematics and the Mathematical Association of America developed the 21st Century Skills Map for mathematics. In the Learning and Innovation skills area the emphasis is on the 4C’s: Creativity, Critical Thinking, Communication and Collaboration, skills that have been topics of discussion in math education for over a century. This talk shares examples of efforts to infuse the 4C’s into K-12 mathematics classrooms in hopes of stimulating further collaborations between mathematicians and educators to restore wonder and beauty to mathematics taught in today’s classrooms
Where Future Memories Dwell
No full textThis ensemble work explores the idea of entering vast open landscapes and claiming new uncharted territories
The Link Between “Likes” and Self-Worth: How Women Use Selfies on Instagram for Self- Presentation and the Effects of Social Comparison
Get PDFIn the past decade, selfies have quickly become a part of North American popular culture. On any given day, Instagram users collectively post upwards of thirty-five million photos with a selfie-related hashtag. Self-preservation theory and uses and gratification theory are utilized to explain this social media phenomenon. Instagram is the main platform for this study because its environment cultivates the largest number of selfies from its users. This study seeks to explain potential effects on self-esteem of the participants of the selfie phenomenon by utilizing the social comparison theory. The main research question addresses whether women are more likely to post selfies to Instagram when their self-esteem is high or low, and if a relationship exists between the number of likes a selfie receives on Instagram and the self-esteem of the subject. The implications of this study could yield significant insight to predicting media behavior in college women and understanding the complexity of the effects such behavior may cause on self-esteem
U.S. Liberals in a Realist World
Get PDFThrough the analysis of American business liberal and reform liberal thinking during the extrovert phases from 1798-1967, this research will present realist suggestions for the long-term. While each phase of introversion or extroversion is unique, past patterns remain relevant. After upcoming introversion has run its course, transition to extroversion is likely as it happened in 1940 and 1989. Without making policy changes, the US will not be able to promote their longterm national interests. In order to keep consistency with the changing world order, the US has to increasingly put effort in dealing with both domestic as well as international issues. This research brings into attention how the US needs to deal with the changing dynamics of political and military strength. This includes more focused attention on issues of economy, security, and environment during a time of increasing globalism. At the same time it is to contain the threats facing the US. If that is not possible, the past can help identify future challenges. The long-term analysis in this paper is a valuable supplement to short-term analysis
Photographic Measurement Of Sand Movement In Gigapixel Panoramas Reveals Short Term Variability in Geomorphologically Similar Lake Michigan Dunes
Get PDFWe measured sand movement in open-sand environments exposed on the interiors of parabolic dunes at two sites along Lake Michigan: Saugatuck Harbor Natural Area (SHNA) and the Kitchel Lindquist Hartger Dunes (KLH). The SHNA site is a blowout at the nose of a stabilized, dissected, 11.5 m high parabolic dune 360 m from the beach with an axis bearing of 75 degrees. The KLH site is a 14 m high parabolic dune 400 m from the beach with an axis bearing 70 of degrees. We used web-hosted gigapixel panoramas of digital photographs to record and measure sand surface elevations relative to dune pins designed for photographic measurement (photopins). Error analysis based on geometric principles demonstrates that parallax errors can be non-trivial when measuring photopins photographed at close range, but maximum error drops to less than 5 percent for photos taken at 5 or more meters. SHNA saw average sand loss of 6.76 cm from 2012-2014, but sand movement was variable, with an average net loss of 13.46 cm in 2012-13 partially offset by a net gain of 6.83 cm in 2013-14, recorded at 103 photopins. In contrast, from 2013-2014 KLH saw a net sand loss of 18.80 cm measured at 39 photopins. The sites are 40 km apart so they see similar large-scale storm patterns but different smaller-scale fluctuations in wind direction and strength. Even within a single site, sand movement is patchy, with accumulation and erosion occurring within a few meters. The observation during 2013-14 of net sand accumulation at SHNA, contemporaneous with sand erosion at KLH, shows that sand movement at similar dune sites likely responds to highly localized events and conditions, particularly vegetation on the upper parts of SHNA that promotes sand accumulation. Time-averaging of localized responses produces the observed broad regional similarities in dune morphology