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Does Mutation of a Putative Nedd 4-2 Binding Site Within the C-terminus of xCT Inhibit its Ubiquitination?
No full textGlutamatergic synapses require precise chemical control in the surrounding space. System xc- is a membrane antiporter that regulates extracellular glutamate and intracellular cysteine in glial cells, ultimately regulating glutathione production. Glutathione is an endogenous reducing agent for mitigating oxidative stress. Thus, regulation of System xc- is important for regulation of glutamatergic signaling and the oxidative state of the glial cells. Previous studies in Dr. Chase’s lab have demonstrated that System xc- is regulated by its trafficking to and from the cell surface in response to oxidative stress. In addition, Dr. Chase and her students have also shown that xCT undergoes a change in ubiquitination state following exposure to hydrogen peroxide. While the specific factors which regulate the trafficking of the transporter are not well understood, we have identified several amino acid motifs in the carboxyl terminus that appear to regulate the trafficking of xCT. Specifically, we observed that mutating residues in a 462PAYYLFI468 motif to alanine led to an increase in cell surface expression of xCT. Studies of an epithelial sodium channel have shown that a similar amino acid motif serves as a binding site for the ubiquitinating enzyme, Nedd 4-2. Since loss of protein ubiquitination is known to increase the cell surface expression of other membrane proteins, we set out to determine if the mutants which increase cell surface expression of xCT also decreased the ubiquitination level of xCT. We used pulldown assays to determine if these mutations inhibited xCT ubiquitination. Specifically, COS-7 cells were transfected with either wild type or mutant xCT and His-ubiquitinated proteins were purified. The presence of ubiquitinated xCT was detected using western blot analysis. Once this study is completed, we will have a better understanding of the role the PAYYLFI motif plays in the regulation of cell surface expression and ubiquitination of xCT
The Anchor, Volume 130.01: August 31, 2016
Get PDFThe Anchor began in 1887 and was first issued weekly in 1914. Covering national and campus news alike, Hope College’s student-run newspaper has grown over the years to encompass over two-dozen editors, reporters, and staff. For much of The Anchor\u27s history, the latest issue was distributed across campus each Wednesday throughout the academic school year (with few exceptions). In recent years The Anchor moved to monthly print issues and a more frequently updated website. The Anchor is now published in print twice per academic semester. Occasionally, the volume and/or issue numbering is irregular
The Anchor, Volume 129.16: February 10, 2016
Get PDFThe Anchor began in 1887 and was first issued weekly in 1914. Covering national and campus news alike, Hope College’s student-run newspaper has grown over the years to encompass over two-dozen editors, reporters, and staff. For much of The Anchor\u27s history, the latest issue was distributed across campus each Wednesday throughout the academic school year (with few exceptions). In recent years The Anchor moved to monthly print issues and a more frequently updated website. The Anchor is now published in print twice per academic semester. Occasionally, the volume and/or issue numbering is irregular
The Anchor, Volume 129.18: March 2, 2016
Get PDFThe Anchor began in 1887 and was first issued weekly in 1914. Covering national and campus news alike, Hope College’s student-run newspaper has grown over the years to encompass over two-dozen editors, reporters, and staff. For much of The Anchor\u27s history, the latest issue was distributed across campus each Wednesday throughout the academic school year (with few exceptions). In recent years The Anchor moved to monthly print issues and a more frequently updated website. The Anchor is now published in print twice per academic semester. Occasionally, the volume and/or issue numbering is irregular
A Crisis that Spans the Atlantic: A Comparative Study of the Housing Crisis in American and French Cities
No full textFor immigrants entering into France with nothing but a dream for a better life, housing options that are less expensive are the only true option. Unfortunately, in recent years France has faced a grave housing crisis that leaves this migrant population stranded and penniless. With the number of immigrants growing and the number of available housing options shrinking, les bidonvilles, or slums, are appearing across the country, posing an even larger problem for the quality of life for these people. The history and development of these bidonvilles is comparable to the same history of ghettos in inner cities across the United States. Ghettos, rooted in a history of inequality, poverty and racism, pose a similar problem for the quality of life of America’s minority populations. This research project investigates the shared histories and impacts of this housing crisis that spans across the Atlantic and finishes with a literary exploration of that crisis in Le Gone de Chaâba by Azouz Begag and A Raisin in the Sun by Lorraine Hansberry
Communities of Practice: Improving Chemistry Teaching through Online Collaboration
No full textThe Interactive Online Network of Inorganic Chemists (IONiC) is an international faculty community of practice whose goal is to improve teaching and learning in chemistry in higher education. One of the group’s strategies is to shift the private nature of teaching to a more public one through building supportive relationships and sharing content and practices online. The IONiC community has had a significant impact on its faculty participants. Data from a community survey, interviews with participants, and an analysis of participation rates show that 1) faculty participants change both their teaching content and methods after participating in the community, 2) faculty feel supported by the community and have a desire to “give back in ways that support IONiC\u27s mission, and 3) faculty are able to give back through a changing array of community activities
Coprecipitation and Hydrothermal Synthesis of Doped Hydroxyapatite Nanoparticles
No full textOur goal is to create a nanoparticle scaffold that has multimodal imaging capabilities. We are using hydroxyapatite as the basis of the scaffold due to its stability in biological conditions and lack of toxicity. Following coprecipitation and hydrothermal techniques from the literature, we have synthesized hydroxyapatite nanoparticles doped with europium, gadolinium and terbium. The nanoparticles have been characterized with SEM/ EDS, P-XRD, and DLS. In another approach to make MRI active scaffolds, we are currently working towards modifying the surface of the particles with iron oxide, and building nanoparticles with iron oxide cores. Further, we have modified the surface of these hydroxyapatite nanoparticles using alendronate, a bisphosphonate with the goal of attaching targeting peptides and zirconium ions to the nanoparticles. In collaboration with the Lapi research team at University of Alabama, these particles will be labeled with peptides targeting somatostatin receptors and radioactive 89Zr for PET/SPECT imaging of tumors