International Journal of Multicultural and Multireligious Understanding (IJMMU)
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Model of Response to Juvenile Delinquency in the Afghan Criminal Justice System
Full text linkThe way of responding to and dealing with juvenile delinquency has engaged criminal justice systems and policymakers for at least a century. On the one hand, the psychological sensitivities of children and, on the other hand, the defense of social order and addressing unlawful behaviors have made defining and establishing a response system to juvenile delinquency significantly important and sensitive. The multiplicity and diversity of response models to juvenile delinquency indicate the significance of this issue. The prevailing models in juvenile justice systems can be divided into at least five categories: restorative justice model, criminal justice model, minimal intervention model, risk management model, and welfare model. This research aims to provide a brief overview of the aforementioned models while detailing and analyzing the response model of the Afghan criminal justice system to juvenile delinquency. An examination of Afghan criminal laws that refer to juvenile offenses, especially the Law on the Handling of Juvenile Offenders and the Penal Code of 1396 Afghanistan, indicates that while the Afghan criminal justice system pays attention to the restorative justice model in some cases, it primarily relies on the minimal intervention model. Therefore, criminal intervention and the use of punitive measures in the Afghan criminal justice system concerning delinquent children are considered the last resort, applied only in the most critical cases that necessitate it
Internalization of Islam in the Banjar Cultural Marriage System in South Kalimantan Indonesia
Full text linkThe dynamics of the marriage system in today's society, burdens the younger generation with the requirements or processes leading up to the wedding. This study aims to provide an understanding to the community regarding the Islamic marriage system which has been packaged into a culture. In addition, this study can also be used by the community as a basic reference for carrying out a marriage according to Islamic law. This research method is qualitative descriptive with a study of literature related to Islamic law and the Islamic marriage system and the Banjar traditional marriage system. The data source for this study is the short story Jujuran by Hatmiati Mas'ud. The research data is in the form of words, phrases, or sentences related to the Banjar traditional marriage system. The results of this study describe 1) ta'aruf , namely the process of introducing and investigating prospective partners through other people, without any direct meeting of the two prospective partners. This stage in Banjar customs is known as basasuluh, 2) khitbah in the stages of Islamic marriage is the same as badatang in the Banjar marriage system, namely the process of meeting and discussing two families regarding the continuation of the prospective bride and groom, and 3) Akad nikah, namely the marriage process by paying attention to the pillars and requirements of marriage according to Islamic law
Causes of Sectarian Wars and the Solution to Combat Them
Full text linkColonial countries are the main cause of sectarian wars in Islamic countries because, in the shadow of these wars, these countries can plunder the capitals of Muslims, destroy their facilities and infrastructure, weaken their forces, and heat up their military arms market, while keeping themselves on the safe side and becoming a regional power. But Islamic scholars and preachers, by explaining religious, political, and social truths, can raise the awareness of the Islamic nation and neutralize the colonialists' conspiracy. Therefore, preaching the truth and informing the people is a type of jihad, and the prophets themselves are the fighters in this field. The Quran is also very clear about it: "This is a clear statement for the people" Al-Imran / 138; "This is a message for the people" Ibrahim / 52. In the history of Islam all climaxes are the result of the preaching of religious values and truths. In Karbala, the Yazidis came to the field with all they could to eradicate Islam and religious values. They introduced the son of the Prophet as a foreigner and martyred him in the most horrific way, and captivated prophet’s family. Their goal was to change the place of truth and falsehood, the oppressor and the oppressed. Imam Sajjad and Zainab al-Kubra, peace be upon them, were able to prevent the enemy from achieving their goals by exposing the conspiracy of the Umayyads and informing the people. Today, Islamic scholars, by raising awareness of the conspiracies of the colonialists, especially the usurping Zionist regime, can remove these sectarian conflicts from Islamic countries and eliminate extremist groups such as ISIS, which are the illegitimate children of the colonialists; and restore sovereignty and authority to the Islamic world
Women as Pedagogical Ecofeminist Agent in the Novel Sawitri and Tujuh Pohon Kelahiran by Mashdar Zainal
Full text linkThis study aims to reveal the role of women as ecofeminist agents of pedagogy through the novel Sawitri dan Tujuh Pohon Kelahiran by Mashdar Zainal (2018). This research employs a descriptive qualitative method and an ecofeminist approach, drawing on pedagogy theory. Mashdar Zainal's (2018) novel Sawitri dan Tujuh Pohon Kelahiran serves as the primary data source for this study. Data collection techniques used reading, note-taking, and literature review. This descriptive qualitative research employs human research instruments, specifically the researcher himself. Semantic validity techniques are used in this research for data validity. Data reliability used in this research is intra-rater and expert judgment. This research employs content analysis as its data analysis technique, incorporating three activities: data condensation, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. The study's results demonstrate the role of women as pedagogical ecofeminist agents, exemplified by the educational values embodied in Sawitri's character and her environmental influences, as evidenced by excerpts from Mashdar Zainal's novel Sawitri dan Tujuh Pohon Kelahiran (2018)
A Historical Overview of Honor Killings in the World: The Challenge
Full text linkHonor killing is a complex and long-standing phenomenon of violence. Women often become victims because they are considered to have defamed the family. This research aims to find out the development of honor killing studies, which is an interdisciplinary concept. This research uses the PRISMA method to ensure transparency and comprehensiveness of research from 2013-2023, with a sample of 25 articles from the Scopus database. The bibliometric analysis revealed the trend of honor killing as a continuing and growing research topic. In 2020, there was a significant increase in the number of publications on this topic. The United States is the country with the largest contribution to honor killing research, followed by several other countries. In addition, the South Asian region is often analysed by scholars. This research contributes to the field of gender and human rights studies by exploring current developments. It offers valuable insights into how academic and policy approaches can help reduce the practice of honor killing and strengthen women's rights in vulnerable communities. As well as helping to identify gaps in research and providing suggestions for future research
Making Digital School: Digital-based Social Studies Learning with Indigenous Knowledge
Full text linkA teacher who has digital competence is not only technologically literate and implements digitalization of learning, but can also integrate ethics, law, human and social issues into the learning process which is packaged in the digital learning process, so that students not only become more focused in using technology. but also has the value and character needed as a filter for the negative excesses of advances in internet technology. One effort is integrating indigenous knowledge in social studies and digital-based learning which can accommodate the learning needs of students as digital native generations. This research attempts to explore the factual conditions of social studies learning with an Indigenous Knowledge perspective in Semarang City Middle Schools, examine the optimization of digital-based social studies learning in Semarang City Middle Schools, and look for digital-based patterns of Indigenous Knowledge-based social studies learning in Semarang City Middle Schools using qualitative methods. The results of this research include: Semarang City has a lot of cultural heritage, both tangible and intangible cultural heritage, including Indigenous Knowledge values which can be integrated into the learning process, especially social studies learning; Implementation of digital-based social studies learning must be applied to teachers, students, learning objectives, teaching materials, learning media, learning methods, and evaluation. If these seven components can be implemented digitally, then the digital-based social studies learning process will run optimally; Digital-based Social Studies learning with an Indigenous Knowledge perspective in Semarang City Middle Schools, there are several patterns in digital-based learning. The learning pattern consists of Blended Learning, Virtual Learning Environment; Mobile Learning (M-Learning)
Orientalist Perspectives: Othering the Muslims in the Reluctant Fundamentalist
Full text linkUsing Orientalism as a framework, this research investigates how Muslims are portrayed in the novel The Reluctant Fundamentalist written by Mohsin Hamid. This paper analyzes the process by which narratives establish and demolish assumptions associated to Muslim identities within the context of the aftermath of the events of September 11, 2001. The essential concepts of Edward Said are an integral part of this investigation. By conducting an analysis of the experiences and relationships of the novel's protagonist, Changez, the objective of this essay is to demonstrate the novel's critique of Western views of the East and its challenge to simple representations of Muslims. The investigation lays a strong emphasis on the ways in which Hamid challenges Orientalist beliefs through the use of literary approaches. As a consequence of this, a portrayal of Muslim identity that is rich in several aspects and defies being categorized in a straightforward manner is presented. The findings of this paper offer a more comprehensive understanding of contemporary literary responses to Orientalism, as well as the various issues that Muslims face in a society that is becoming more and more globalized
Legal Perspective of Consumer Protection in Indonesia Regarding Illegal Skincare Products
Full text linkProtecting consumers against harmful skincare and cosmetic goods that shouldn't be marketed or given to the general public is another aspect of consumer protection. One important consideration for consumers is the safety of cosmetic goods. Cosmetics must have a halal accreditation and adhere to quality and safety regulations. Cosmetic items must not include any hazardous ingredients. Before and after cosmetic items are put on the market, the Food and Drug Supervisory Agency (BPOM) plays a crucial role in their oversight. The assessment and inspection of product safety at the point of sale is part of this oversight. The research method used is the legislative method with a normative legal framework, case method, and conceptual method. The purpose of this study is to determine the legal problems related to the use of illegal or unregistered skincare/cosmetics according to BPOM. The implementation of legal protection for consumers is demonstrated by the withdrawal and discontinuation of products that are illegally distributed without BPOM's permit. This is because it is challenging for BPOM to monitor the circulation of cosmetics sold online, so the public is advised to exercise greater caution when making purchases online. BPOM penalizes items that breach, not the intents of the offenders, and requires business actors to hold a Certificate of Good Cosmetic Manufacturing Practices
The Effectiveness of the Use of Instagram Social Media in Discovery Learning-Based Learning on Plantae Materials to Increase the Learning Interest of Class X Students
Full text linkThis study aims to determine the effectiveness of the use of Instagram social media to increase the learning interest of class X students in Discovery Learning-based Plantae material. This type of research is a quasi-experiment with a pre-test and post-test control group design. The subjects of the limited trial in this study were 22 students in class X of SMA Negeri 1 Depok. The field test subjects consisted of 36 students of the experimental class and 36 students for the control class of class X of SMA Negeri 1 Depok. Data collection techniques are carried out by interview, observation, questionnaire, and test methods. The data analysis technique used the normality test, homogeneity test, Mann whitney test and n-gain score. The results showed that there was an increase in students' interest in learning according to the n-gain score in the experimental class with a score of 0.17 in the low category. This result is higher than the score in the control class, which is 0.06. Based on this, it can be concluded that the use of Instagram social media in the discovery learning-based learning process on plantae materials can increase the learning interest of class X student
Transformation of Masculinity: The Androgynous Style of Male K-Pop Idols and Its Implications for Dance in Indonesia
Full text linkThe phenomenon of globalization, which allows for rapid and widespread cultural exchange, has had a major impact on Indonesian society's views on gender and masculinity. One of the biggest influences comes from K-pop, which promotes the concept of androgyny through the appearance of male K-pop idols. This androgynous style, which combines masculine and feminine elements, is gaining attention among Indonesian K-pop fans. This research aims to explore the acceptance of the androgynous style adopted by male K-pop idols among Indonesian fans and its impact on dance perspectives. The results show that despite going against traditional gender stereotypes in Indonesia, this androgynous style is well received by fans. The style also serves as a driver of change in society's view of masculinity, as well as introducing a more inclusive concept of gender expression. In the world of dance, this androgynous phenomenon is reflected in the wider acceptance of cross-gender elements in dance performances. This research concludes that androgyny, driven by K-pop culture, can be a means to expand a more inclusive and progressive appreciation of dance in Indonesia