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Different levels of single-strain probiotic (Bacillus subtilis) with proteolytic enzyme (serratiopeptidase) can be used as an alternative to antibiotic growth promoters in broiler
Get PDFIn the current study, the proteolytic enzyme (serratiopeptidase) was used to enhance the efficacy of Bacillus subtilis (B. subtilis) probiotic as a growth promotor in broiler chicken. The effects of serratiopeptidase on the efficacy of different levels of B. subtilis as a growth promotor in broiler chicks were evaluated regarding growth performance traits, villus histomorphometric characterization, and intestinal microbiota count. Day-old broiler chicks (n = 120) were allocated into 4 groups having 3 replicates/group. In the control group (C), the basal diet was kept without supplementation. In treatment groups (P100, P150, and P200), the basal diet was supplemented with 100, 150, and 200 mg probiotics, respectively besides 30 mg proteolytic enzyme in the 3 treated groups for 4 wk. The performance parameters were significantly affected by the supplementation of serratiopeptidase to the B. subtilis treatment groups. Feed intake (FI), body weight gain (WG), feed conversion ratio (FCR), and dressing percent were significantly improved in the treatment groups as compared to the control group. Significantly, the lowest feed intake was recorded for the P200 group. The highest body weight gain and dressing percentage were recorded for the P200 group. An improved FCR was recorded in the P200 group (1.7) as compared to the control group. The different levels of B. subtilis supplemented with serratiopeptidase revealed significant improvements (P\u3c0.05) in the morphology of the intestine by showing increases in villus height and width and crypt depth of the small intestine. The microbial count revealed that E. coli and salmonella colonies were significantly reduced in the P200 group as compared to the control and other treatment groups. In conclusion, the supplementation of B. subtilis with serratiopeptidase as a growth promoter in broiler chicks significantly improved the overall performance, and intestinal health and reduced microbial load contributing to optimizing the performance of broiler chickens. The greatest improvement was observed in the P200 group fed with B. subtilis as a probiotic and serratiopeptidase enzyme (200 mg:30 mg)
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Expanding Historically Black Colleges and Universities Access for Students With Intellectual Disability
No full textDespite the Americans with Disabilities Act and the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act boosting postsecondary education for students with intellectual disabilities, only 4% of U.S. institutions offer specialized programs (Arrojas, 2023). A Historically Black Community College in the southeastern United States notably lacks resources for these students. This qualitative study explored strategies for enhancing disability inclusion at an HBCU by conducting electronic interviews via Qualtrics with administrators, faculty, and staff. Using purposeful sampling, the study targeted diverse institutional roles to gather insights on improving academic and support services for Black students with intellectual disability (ID). The electronic interviews employed a standardized protocol to probe for ways to enhance campus climate, programs, and services. A thematic analysis of responses offered recommendations on how HBCUs can foster an inclusive environment that respects their historical legacy while promoting equity. This approach emphasized the importance of institutional knowledge in creating supportive spaces for students with intellectual disability (ID)
The Impact of COVID-19 on Leadership at a Historically Black University (HBCU)
No full textThe COVID-19 pandemic caused major disruption in higher education, requiring rapid adaptation from colleges and universities worldwide. Historically Black Colleges and Universities (HBCUs) in the United States faced unique challenges serving their disproportionately low-income, first-generation racial minority students. This qualitative descriptive study aimed to provide an in-depth account of how one HBCU responded to the unprecedented crisis caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. The participant sample consisted of 8 key administrators representing academic affairs, information technology, online learning, student services, facilities management, and other units integral to the emergency response. Semi-structured interviews were conducted to elicit rich details corresponding to the thematic categories of Academic Continuity, Student Services, Institutional Operations, Decision-Making Process, Innovation and Advantages, and Lessons Learned. The interviews, informed by an open-ended guide, provided administrators’ perspectives on the chronology of events, rationale for policies, changes made to operations and academics, challenges and barriers faced, and effective practices. Results encompassed comprehensive descriptions of the multifaceted strategies, obstacles, and facilitators experienced by the HBCU in upholding its educational mission during the disruption while supporting its disproportionately under-resourced students. Key findings highlighted the importance of clear communication, equitable resource distribution, and student-centered supports during crises. This timely research makes an important contribution by centering the knowledge and perspectives of HBCU leaders on the frontlines. Their lived experiences provide valuable insights for strengthening emergency preparedness and crisis management at minority-serving institutions
University Marching Band Retention Impact in Establishing Black Males’ Sense of Belonging
No full textThe purpose of this study was to investigate how participation in a university marching band influences black male students\u27 sense of belonging. Sense of belonging refers to students\u27 perceived feelings of support, connection, and importance within their campus community. For this study, sense of belonging was measured by levels of peer support, faculty support, classroom comfort, and isolation. Framed on Tinto’s Model of Student Involvement and Student Departure (1975, 1993), this mixed-methods study explored the influence of involvement in a university marching band black male band members’ sense of belonging at one HBCU. Through an online survey and a focus group session, participants described their marching band experiences and perceptions of how the band program influenced their feelings of connection and mattering on campus. By gaining insight into the potential relationship between marching band participation and sense of belonging, this research sought to inform strategies aimed at enhancing retention of black male students. Among the major findings of the study: (a) HBCU marching bands are about tradition and community-building; (b) HBCU marching bands promote student leadership development; and, (c) the longer the HBCU student participates in the marching band, the higher his sense of peer support and faculty support) and lower sense of isolation. Results may guide marching band and student affairs administrators in optimizing extracurricular opportunities to strengthen underrepresented students\u27 attachments and integration at their institutions through a heightened sense of belonging. Overall, the purpose is to add knowledge regarding ways structured involvement can boost retention
