Bulletin of NSAU (Novosibirsk State Agrarian University) / Вестник НГАУ (Новосибирский государственный аграрный университет)
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ВЛИЯНИЕ ПРЕПАРАТА BS 225 НА СКОРОСТЬ РОСТА МОЛОДИ ОСЕТРА
Get PDFThe paper expounds the research data on probiotic BS 225 administration effect on the growth rate in Siberian sturgeon young fishes grown under the conditions of industrial workshop on the fishery farm «Novosibirsky Rybzavod». To grow the fishes, fish-breeding pools made of concrete were employed which were supplied with a pit toremove feed remains and excrements, storage capacitor, mechanical and biological unit for pollution abatement to get the pools ready to be filled with water. The 1st experimental group of fishes received the preparation at the dose 10 mcl per kg; the 2nd one did 5 mcl per kg. The dose was recalculated after each 10 days. To clarify the effect of the preparation the control weighing was done regularly. The fish weight and body length, the largest height and some plastic traits were determined with common techniques. According to the data obtained, the absolute weight of the experimental underyearlings exceeded that of the control analogues when fed the microbiologic preparation. Expressivity of the absolute weight change depended on the preparation dose. The maximal gain in weight was recorded with the preparation given at the dose 10 microliters per 1 kg of weight. The sturgeons of the 1st experimental group exceeded the analogues of the 2nd experimental group on the 2nd and 3rd months of examination.Изложены результаты исследования по применению пробиотика BS 225 на скорость роста молоди сибирского осетра, выращенного в условиях индустриального цеха рыбоводного хозяйства «Новосибирский рыбзавод». Для выращивания рыбы использовались рыбоводные бассейны из бетона, снабжённые приямком для удаления остатков корма и экскрементов, накопительной емкости, механического и биологического блока очистки и водоподготовки. Препарат применяли в 1-й опытной группе в дозе 10 мкл/кг массы рыб, во второй – 5 мкл/кг. Перерасчет дозы проводили через каждые 10 суток. Для выяснения влияния препарата контрольные взвешивания проводили регулярно. Определяли абсолютную массу рыб и длину тела, наибольшую высоту и некоторые пластические признаки по общепринятым методикам. Согласно полученным данным, при скармливании микробиологического препарата сеголетки опытных групп по абсолютной массе превышали аналогов из контрольной группы. Выраженность изменения абсолютной массы зависела от дозы препарата. Максимальный прирост регистрировали при применении препарата в дозе 10 мкл/кг массы. Осетры 1-й опытной группы превышали аналогов из 2-й опытной группы на 2-й и 3-й месяцы исследования
МОЛОЧНАЯ ПРОДУКТИВНОСТЬ КОРОВ РАЗНОГО ГЕНОТИПА В ЗАВИСИМОСТИ ОТ ТЕХНОЛОГИИ ПОЛУЧЕНИЯ МОЛОКА
No full textThe authors make a case that evaluation of genetic peculiarities and efficient technology of keeping and milking are the main factors that contribute to efficient dairy cattle breeding. The research is aimed at studying the influence of milking technology on cows’ dairy productivity. The authors made 3 groups of cows according to the breed, milking technology and way of keeping. The researchers fed the cows according to the ratios made by the professionals with taking into consideration the cows age, lactation period, productivity, body weight and body condition. The milk yield of the 1st lactation and total milk yield of the cows belonging to the 1st group (black and white breed, loafing, milking with applying of automated milking system) is higher in comparison with other groups on 564.0 (P < 0.05) and 2564.0 kg (P < 0.001). The share of the fat in milk produced by the cows of the 3d group (black and white cattle, farm animal housing and milking to the milk line) during the 1st lactation and total milk yield is higher than that of the cows of the 1st and 2nd groups on 0.08 (P < 0.05) и 0.07% (P < 0.05) correspondently. Protein concentration in milk produced by cows of the 3d group is less than in milk got by means of automated milking system on 0.06% (P < 0.05). The authors observed longer lifetime and economic efficiency of the black and white cows when loafing and milking them into the milking line on 0.5 y. and 0.5 lactation (P < 0.001). Therefore, automated line milking contributes to milk yield increase, protein concentration in milk and reduces the period of cows’ on-the-farm usage
ИЗУЧЕНИЕ ИЗМЕНЕНИЯ КОЛИЧЕСТВЕННЫХ ПАРАМЕТРОВ МИКРОФЛОРЫ УШНЫХ РАКОВИН ПРИ ЛЕЧЕНИИ ОТОДЕКТОЗА
No full textOtoacariasis (otodectic menge) is an invasive cat disease caused by parasitizing mites on the internal surface of conch and external ear canal. This desiease is frequently observed in young cats aged 1-4 months. This is an acute, subacute and chronic ailment that can lead to the fatal cases. The researchers frequently observe ear ailment in the kittens and young cats where both ears are damaged. The mites parasite and grow in the acoustic meatus only where the mites are spread along the acoustic meatus. The mite females make the great number of epidermis centeses and eat the lymph; the development takes place according to binymphal type. The mite female lays eggs with sticky surface which attach them to substrate. Otoacariasis is a wide-spread disease in Russia; it makes 25-30 % of all diseases. The paper explores the parameters of conch bacterial content when experiencing Otodecte scynotis parasiting. The authors highlight that insectoacariasidic specimens reduce the number of KOE in the conch. They found out the direct relation between the degree of invasion and bacterial content. High bacterial content worsens and prolongs the acarian invasion treatment
НОВЫЙ БАГАНСКИЙ МЯСНОЙ ТИП КРУПНОГО РОГАТОГО СКОТА СИММЕНТАЛЬСКОЙ ПОРОДЫ В СИБИРИ
No full textThe Order of the Ministry of Agriculture of USSR of September 11, 1981 declares about breeding of new Simmental meat breeds. This work is carried out in Nevskiy OAO in Bagan district of Novosibirsk region and two branches in Tomsk region. The researchers set task on breeding high-productive breeding animals; their genetic ability exceeds breed character and productivity parameters of local population. This is important for meat cattle breeding development. Meat Simmental breeding in Nevskiy OAO of Bagan district produced typical Simmentals of meat type. The paper states that Simmental calves of a new type have higher body weight compared with the herdmate of Siberian reproduction on 10.2-10.8 % (P < 0.05) of weight gain and 0.8-1.2 % of slaughter yield. Their feed consumption is 0.1-0.3 % lower, costs of body weight is 10.9-11.3 lower whereas profitability is higher on 6.3-7.8 %. Meat index of meat Simmentals is 0.21 % higher. The Ministry of Agriculture of Russia approved and endorsed a new type of the cattle of Simmental breed that is Baganskiy myasnoy (author’s certificate No. 58226, patent No. 7005 of September 2, 2013)
СОЦИАЛЬНОЕ ПОВЕДЕНИЕ САМЦОВ ВОДЯНОЙ ПОЛЁВКИ ARVICOLA AMPHIBIUS L. В ЗИМНИЙ И ВЕСЕННИЙ СЕЗОНЫ
No full textThe article is devoted to analysis of experimental data on changes of aggressive and non-aggressive features of water vole social behavior received in animal house conditions in winter and spring when their behavior is radically changed. The water voles are characterized by seasonal change of habitation and due to this fact, they change their lifestyle from wetland to burrowing that causes transformation of area relations among the animals in different seasons. The role of seasonal factors in modification of social behavior has not been studies before. The authors tested dyadically the water vole males born in animal house and kept in the conditions of natural light regime; these dyad tests were carried out with different partners in January, February, April and May when the researchers estimated the number of aggressive and familiarizing behavior. The paper says that aggression to the partner was lower in spring months in comparison with winter months. The authors reveal individual differences on the number of familiarizing contacts and ability for social domination.Статья посвящена анализу полученных в условиях вивария экспериментальных данных по изменению агрессивных и неагрессивных проявлений социального поведения самцов водяной полёвки Arvicola amphibius L. на протяжении зимнего и весеннего сезонов, когда кардинально изменяется образ жизни этих грызунов в природе. С характерной экологической особенностью водяных полевок - сезонной сменой местообитаний - сопряжено изменение образа жизни от околоводного к подземно-роющему и существенная трансформация территориальных отношений между животными в разные сезоны года. Роль сезонных факторов в модификации социального поведения ранее не была изучена. На самцах водяной полевки, родившихся в виварии и содержавшихся в условиях естественного светового режима, проведена серия диадных тестов с разными партнерами в январе, феврале, апреле и мае, в которых оценивали число агрессивных и ознакомительных поведенческих актов. Установлено, что уровень агрессии по отношению к партнеру снижается в весенние месяцы по сравнению с зимними. Выявлены индивидуальные различия по числу ознакомительных контактов и способности к социальному доминированию
ОПЫТ ОЗДОРОВЛЕНИЯ НЕБЛАГОПОЛУЧНОГО ПО ЛЕЙКОЗУ КРУПНОГО РОГАТОГО СКОТА СЕЛЬХОЗПРЕДПРИЯТИЯ
Get PDFThe paper analyzes the dynamic of epizootologic indexes for cattle leucosis at the agricultural enterprise when sanitation works were in progress. The work was performed at CJS «Kalinovskoye» in Novosibirsk region in 2006–2013. The enterprise involved is characterized by extreme unfavorable circumstances for leucosis. The share of sick cows at the hematological stage of the disease made up 3.4– 9.4% in different units of the enterprise (the farm totals 85 leucosis diseased cows). The cows of the same enterprise were infected 100%, the infected heifers of breeding age constituted 33–46%, sick sire-bulls made up 25–100%. Besides, single losses of leucosis cows are marked, the animals slaughtered at meat-complex are detected to have typical pathology and anatomy changes. The examination data showed that in the epizootic situation of the kind the sanitation works should be focused on culling leucosis cows in the first two years following the results of hematological examination of each cow and growing up young animals free of leucosis virus. As a follow-up, it is necessary to replace infected population step-by-step starting from one unit of the enterprise (or drove of cows). The efficiency of the work to get the herd free of leucosis virus infected cows depends on the required number of young replacements available and performance with heifers and sirebulls. Step-by-step sanitation work with leucosis suspected cattle at the agricultural enterprise having extreme degree of epizootic process tension is not followed by decreased population of productive animals.Проанализирована динамика эпизоотологических показателей по лейкозу крупного рогатого скота в сельхозпредприятии при проведении оздоровительной работы. Работа выполнена в ЗАО «Калиновское» Новосибирской области в 2006–2013 гг. Данное предприятие характеризуется крайне неблагополучной обстановкой по лейкозу. В разных отделениях предприятия доля больных коров на гематологической стадии заболевания составила 3,4–9,4% (всего по хозяйству 85 больных лейкозом коров), инфицированность вирусом лейкоза у коров – порядка 100%, у телок случного возраста – 33–46, быков-производителей – 25–100%. Кроме того, отмечены единичные случаи падежа коров от лейкоза и обнаружения у животных, убитых на мясокомбинате, характерных патолого-анатомических изменений. Результаты исследований показали, что при такой эпизоотической обстановке оздоровительную работу в первые два года следует акцентировать на выбраковке больных лейкозом коров по результатам поголовных гематологических исследований и выращивании свободного от вируса лейкоза молодняка. В последующем необходимо поэтапно проводить замену инфицированного поголовья коров, начиная с какого-либо одного отделения предприятия (или гурта коров). Эффективность работы по освобождению стада от инфицированных вирусом лейкоза коров зависит от наличия требуемого количества ремонтного молодняка и результативности работы с тёлками и быками-производителями. Поэтапная оздоровительная работа по лейкозу крупного рогатого скота в сельхозпредприятиях с крайней степенью напряжённости эпизоотического процесса не сопровождается снижением поголовья продуктивных животных
ЭФФЕКТИВНОСТЬ РАЗНЫХ ТЕХНОЛОГИЧЕСКИХ ПРИЕМОВ АРОМАТИЗАЦИИ КОРМА ДЛЯ СВИНЕЙ
Get PDFThe article is concerned with aromatization of mixed feeds by means of different technological ways, which is effective method of intensive breeding of fattening yelts. Application of dry aromatizing agent dosed as 0,35g/kg DM and liquid aromatizing agent dosed as 0,17 g/120 ml Н2О/1 kg DM Caramel-Vanilla in the case reduces cost of pig aromatizing agent on 58,4 % and 81,2 %, and net profit is increasing on 25,1 % and 28,2 % in comparison with the pigmates consuming mixed feeds sprayed with dry aromatizing agent Caramel-Vanilla dosed as 1 g/kg DM and liquid aromatizing agent Caramel-Vanilla dosed as 1 g/234 ml of water pro 1 kg of SV. Application of Caramel-Vanilla liquid aromatizing agent dosed as 1 g/234 ml Н2О/1 kg DM in sprayed complete feed for Yorkshire pigs is an effective method of increasing of daily feed consumption on 5.2 %. This contributes to increasing of pig growth on 5.6 % (P < 0,01). The paper shows that application of aromatizing agent influences mobile mode of life of pigs belonging to all groups; otherwise increase in pig lifetime up to 200 days, which consumed complete feed with sprayed liquid aromatizing agent dosed as 1 g/234 ml of water pro 1 kg DM influenced resting time of the animals and increased it on 7.5 %. Time for pen motion and feed consumption decreased on 13,32 % and 8,9 % in concern with pigmates aged 120 days, and average time of daily increased on 11 % in comparison with pigmates, which consumed dry aromatizing agent dosed as 1 g/kg DM with complete feed.Установлено, что ароматизация комбикорма при разных технологических приемах является эффективным методом интенсивного выращивания откормочных подсвинков. Использование сухого ароматизатора Карамель-Ваниль в дозе 0,35 г и жидкого ароматизатора в дозе 0,17 г /120 мл воды на 1 кг сухого вещества в пенале снижает затраты на его приобретение на 58,4 и 81,2%, а также значительно увеличивает чистую прибыль – на 25,1 и 28,2% в сравнении со сверстниками, употреблявшими сухой ароматизатор Карамель-Ваниль в дозе 1 г/кг сухого вещества и жидкий ароматизатор Карамель-Ваниль в дозе 1 г/234 мл воды на 1 кг сухого вещества с помощью обработки комбикорма аэрозольно. Введение жидкого ароматизатора Карамель- Ваниль в состав полнорационного комбикорма свиньям крупной белой породы в дозе 1 г/234 мл воды на 1 кг сухого вещества путем его аэрозольной обработки перед раздачей при их интенсивном выращивании является эффективным методом увеличения уровня его потребления – на 5,2% за сутки. Это является предпосылкой для повышения интенсивности роста свиней на 5,6% (P < 0,01). Употребление ароматической добавки привело к снижению двигательной активности у животных всех четырех групп. Увеличение возраста свиней до 200 суток, употреблявших полнорационный комбикорм с добавкой жидкого ароматизатора (аэрозольно) в дозе 1 г/234 мл воды на 1 кг сухого вещества, привело к наиболее значительному увеличению времени отдыха животных – на 7,5%. Затраты времени на движение свиней по станку и потребление корма соответственно уменьшились на 13,32 и 8,9% по сравнению со 120-дневным возрастом, а среднее время приема воды в течение суток увеличилось на 11% по сравнению со сверстниками, которые употребляли сухой ароматизатор в дозе 1 г/кг сухого вещества с полнорационным комбикормом
ВОСПРОИЗВОДИТЕЛЬНЫЕ КАЧЕСТВА СВИНОМАТОК КРУПНОЙ БЕЛОЙ ПОРОДЫ ВЕНГЕРСКОЙ СЕЛЕКЦИИ В УСЛОВИЯХ ПРИЧЕРНОМОРЬЯ УКРАИНЫ
No full textThe data of multiple researches point out that the acclimatization of animals is followed by disorders in spermato- and ovogenesis as well as by increased embryo deaths. Decreased reproductive function shows up in poor offspring vitality, afterbirth delay, severe diseases of genital organs, no heating. Lately, the import of pig population to Ukraine has become more active. In 2009, the population of Large White pigs was imported from Hungary to Nikolaevsk region that belongs to Northern Black sea coast territory. In relation to this, fertility-related traits were being examined in the sows of the population through the entire three generations. The results of the examinations conducted testify to the effects of Hungarian breeding sows’ adaptation to Black sea coast territory for their fertility-related traits which decreased with their first farrowing. The animals of the first generation showed the poorest indexes as compared to the acclimatizer-generations. The first generation animals are marked to decrease plural pregnancy by 0.52 fetuses as compared to the acclimatizer-generations. Each of the subsequent generations manifested decreased variability of all the traits examined, but increased plural pregnancy in the sows of the second and third generations by 0.23 and 0.82 fetuses, respectively. The first generation animals are marked to have maximal number of stillbirths, but this index becomes lower with each subsequent generation during the adaptation. Herewith, the difference in this index is true for the first farrow-sows of the third generation versus the acclimatizer-animals. The similar tendency is observed in age-mature sows tested for the results of two and more farrows. This testifies to consolidated animals of the population for the indexes examined in the course of adaptation
КОМПЛЕКСНОЕ РАЗВИТИЕ СЕЛЬСКИХ ТЕРРИТОРИЙ РОССИИ В КОНТЕКСТЕ МЕЖДУНАРОДНОЙ ТРУДОВОЙ ИНТЕГРАЦИИ
No full textThe paper examines the influence of rural territories advance on the economic growth of Russia’s regions under the conditions of international integration. For the village to perform production, demographic, recreation and ecological functions the systemic approach is required to involve the potential of the countryside into the economy turnover. It is justified that the rural population represents the core of the complex development of the village that forms mixed economy. Therefore under globalization conditions the external migration of labor in Russia has to acquire mostly agrarian character. In relation to this, the factors are revealed which facilitate the constructive cooperation of BRICS countries. The most perspective forms in the partnership of member-countries for the complex development of rural territories are particular economic zones which type can be determined according to road maps to utilize the rural territory potential of each RF entity. The international integration involved shall encourage the inflow of rural labor and investment resources, village infrastructure development, thus making it possible for Russia’s regions to occupy leading positions in world economy