Universitas Hasanuddin: e-Journals
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Law as Strategy: The Weaponization of Trade Dispute Mechanisms in Sino-Western Relations
Full text linkThis article investigates the transformation of international trade law into a strategic instrument of geopolitical contestation, focusing on the legal rivalry between China and Western countries. Employing Lawfare Theory and Legal Realism, the study adopts an interdisciplinary method combining legal doctrine, international relations theories, and empirical case studies from WTO and ISDS mechanisms. The findings reveal that legal platforms originally designed for neutral dispute resolution have been repurposed as tools of statecraft. China’s increased legal engagement post-2018 signals a shift toward strategic legalism, where litigation serves as foreign policy. Meanwhile, the United States exercises unilateral legal strategies, undermining multilateral institutions. These actions reflect a broader erosion of legal neutrality, leading to procedural asymmetries that disadvantage Global South countries. The article concludes that without institutional reform and renewed global commitment to procedural justice, international legal mechanisms risk becoming arenas of symbolic dominance rather than fair adjudication. This trend challenges the foundational purpose of international law as a stabilizing force and invites critical reevaluation of legal norms amid a multipolar world order
Comparative Thermal Performance Analysis of Nipah Palm Fiber and Expanded Polystyrene as Sustainable Cool Box Insulation for Small-Scale Fisheries
Full text linkSmall-scale fishermen in the Sangihe Islands rely heavily on expanded polystyrene (EPS) cool boxes to preserve fish during transit, yet these synthetic materials are environmentally problematic and economically limiting. This study experimentally evaluates Nipah palm fiber (Nypah fruticans), an abundant coastal biomass waste, as a sustainable insulation alternative for pumpboat-based fisheries. Three cooler box configurations were comparatively tested under controlled tropical conditions (31°C ±2°C ambient temperature) over a 12-hour period: (1) standard EPS insulation (20 mm), (2) raw compressed Nipah fiber (30 mm), and (3) a hybrid composite combining compressed Nipah fiber (30 mm) with a reflective aluminum layer. Thermal performance was assessed through continuous internal, external, and fish-core temperature monitoring at 30-minute intervals. Results demonstrate a clear hierarchy in insulation efficiency. The hybrid Nipah configuration achieved the lowest warming rate (0.167°C/hour), nearly three times slower than the EPS control. After 12 hours, the hybrid system-maintained fish temperature at 0.4°C, compared to 4.8°C in the EPS box. The improved performance is attributed to the dense lignocellulosic fiber structure, which enhances air entrapment and reduces conductive heat transfer, while the aluminum layer minimizes radiant heat gain. These findings confirm that Nipah palm waste provides a cost-effective, locally available, and environmentally sustainable insulation solution tailored to tropical maritime logistics. The adoption of Nipah-based bio-composite insulation has the potential to extend fish shelf life, reduce post-harvest losses, and decrease dependence on non-biodegradable synthetic polymers in traditional fisheries
Analisis Naratif Novel Naname Yashiki No Hanzai Karya Soji Shimada
Full text linkThis study aims to analyze the plot structure and the dynamics of conflict in Naname Yashiki no Hanzai (Pembunuhan di Rumah Miring) by Soji Shimada using Tzvetan Todorov’s narrative theory. A descriptive qualitative method with a structural literary approach is employed. The data consist of textual units representing narrative stages and conflicts, collected through close reading and note-taking techniques. The analysis applies Todorov’s five narrative stages: equilibrium, disruption, recognition of disruption, attempt to repair, and new equilibrium. The findings indicate that all five stages appear fully and coherently in the novel, with the main distinction among stages lying in the dominant type of conflict. Internal, social, and interpersonal conflicts emerge alternately in accordance with the progression of the plot. Thus, Todorov’s narrative theory is proven effective in revealing the relationship between plot structure and the development of conflict in detective fiction
MORPHOLOGICAL PLASTICITY AND TAXONOMIC IMPLICATIONS OF FAVITES CORALS FROM SPERMONDE ARCHIPELAGO
Full text linkMorphologycal characterstic both descriptive and morphometric, like corralite diameter, corralite shape, the presence or absence of paliform lobe, colonies surface form, and septa teeth were the key for determining the Favites coral species characters, but these character are often influenced by environmental factors. In this studi will be try to reconstructed phylogeny tree of Favites coral‟s (Favites abdita, F. benattae, F. chinensis, F. flexuosa, F. halicora, and F. paraflexuosa). The speciment collected from Spermonde Archipelago. Phylogeny tree was reconstructed based on the morphological characters (descriptive and morphometric) using UPGMA (Unweighted Pair Group Method with Arithmetic Mean) Methood on PAUP 4.0 software. The result showed the grouping of taxa for each species. However, if only using morphometric character in preparing the taxa group, it will not show the clear differences among species. This caused by the morphometric characters have the highest plasticity and influenced by environmental factors, if compared with the descriptive character
Directive Speech Acts by Child Characters in the Japanese Film Monster (2023): A Pragmatic Analysis
Full text linkThis study investigates the forms and types of directive speech acts produced by child characters in the Japanese film Monster (2023) directed by Hirokazu Koreeda. Using a qualitative approach, the study analyzes 20 directive utterances drawn from the film’s dialogue to examine how directive meanings are realized in emotionally and socially complex interactions. The data were selected by identifying utterances spoken by child characters that pragmatically function to prompt the addressee to perform or refrain from performing an action. The analysis is informed by speech act theory and contextual interpretation through Dell Hymes’ SPEAKING framework, enabling systematic examination of linguistic form, pragmatic function, and interactional context. The findings reveal that directive speech acts are realized through direct and indirect as well as literal and non-literal forms. Among these, indirect literal directive speech acts of the requestive type occur most frequently. This pattern indicates that directive intentions are commonly conveyed through interrogative or declarative structures rather than explicit imperatives, particularly in emotionally sensitive interactions such as family communication and peer relationships affected by bullying. Overall, the study demonstrates that child characters exhibit pragmatic awareness by employing directive strategies that balance communicative effectiveness with interpersonal consideration
Climate change, migration, and refugee as triggers risk of leprosy spread
Full text linkOne of the challenges in controlling leprosy is the displacement of people and refugees, which has the potential to accelerate the spread of the disease to areas that were previously free of it (Hooij & Geluk, 2021). Migration, especially that triggered by conflict, climate instability causing natural disasters, or economic pressures, often triggers mass displacement of people (World Health Organization, 2016). Refugees and migrants often must live in densely populated areas with poor sanitation conditions and very limited access to health services (Feizi et al., 2023). This situation creates an ideal environment for the spread of infectious diseases such as leprosy, where close and repeated interactions between sufferers and healthy individuals can increase the risk of transmission (Mahardita et al., 2019; Susanto, 2020). Overcrowding in refugee camps and limited health facilities make early detection and treatment of leprosy difficult, allowing the disease to spread undetected (Bulstra et al., 2021)
Disosiasi Fatima dalam Novel al-Khabā’ Karya Miral at-Tahawy: Analisis Psikologi Sigmund Freud
Full text linkPenelitian ini mengkaji disosiasi yang dialami Fatima, tokoh utama novel Al-Khabā’ karya Miral al-Tahawy, sebagai mekanisme pertahanan psikologis dalam merespons trauma domestik dan penindasan patriarkal. Dengan pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif berbasis teori psikoanalisis Sigmund Freud, khususnya konsep id, ego, superego, dan mekanisme pertahanan, penelitian ini menganalisis data tekstual untuk mengungkap bagaimana Fatima membangun dunia imajiner melalui Zahwa, alter egonya yang berasal dari cerita rakyat Beduin. Temuan menunjukkan bahwa disosiasi awalnya berfungsi sebagai strategi adaptif untuk menjaga stabilitas emosional di tengah isolasi ekstrem dan kekerasan. Namun, seiring intensifikasi trauma, terutama setelah amputasi kaki dan pengabaian keluarga, dunia imajiner tersebut runtuh, menandai kegagalan disosiasi sebagai pelindung psikis. Penelitian ini menegaskan relevansi teori Freud dalam menganalisis narasi trauma perempuan dalam konteks budaya non-Barat
URGENSI BAHAN AJAR BAHASA ARAB SEBAGAI PENENTU DALAM PROSES BELAJAR MENGAJAR
Full text linkPengembangan bahan ajar bahasa Arab merupakan kebutuhan mendesak dalam konteks pendidikan tinggi, khususnya pada program studi yang memiliki kekhasan disiplin keilmuan tertentu. Realitas menunjukkan bahwa bahan ajar bahasa Arab yang digunakan saat ini masih bersifat umum dan belum sepenuhnya disesuaikan dengan kebutuhan keilmuan mahasiswa. Padahal, pembelajaran bahasa Arab idealnya dirancang sesuai dengan konteks akademik dan kebutuhan spesifik peserta didik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji urgensi pengembangan bahan ajar bahasa Arab berbasis keilmuan serta mendeskripsikan bentuk pengembangannya. Metode yang digunakan adalah analisis kualitatif dengan model analisis interaktif. Hasil kajian menunjukkan (1) terdapat pengembangan bahan ajar bahasa Arab berbasis keilmuan diperlukan karena mahasiswa lebih akrab dengan istilah dan wacana bidang studinya; (2) tema-tema pokok pembelajaran bahasa Arab dapat dikembangkan sesuai dengan karakteristik dan kebutuhan masing-masing jurusan; dan (3) bahan ajar bahasa Arab berbasis kebutuhan mahasiswa hendaknya dirancang dengan mengintegrasikan empat keterampilan berbahasa, yaitu maharah al-istima’, maharah al-kalam, maharah al-qira’ah, dan maharah al-kitabah
Analisis Determinan Produk Domestik Regional Bruto Sektor Pertanian Antar Wilayah di Kalimantan Selatan (Pendekatan Geographically Weighted Panel Regression)
Full text linkThe agricultural sector plays a strategic role in the Indonesian economy, including in South Kalimantan, but its contribution to the Regional Gross Domestic Product (GRDP) varies unevenly across regions. This study aims to analyze the determinants of the agricultural sector GRDP in South Kalimantan both globally and spatially. Using panel data from 13 regencies/cities for the period 2020–2024, the analysis was conducted using two approaches is global panel regression and Geographically Weighted Panel Regression (GWPR). The results show that the GWPR model is significantly superior in capturing spatial heterogeneity compared to the global model, with a Cross Validation (CV) value of 0.0425 and R² of 0.7042. At the local level, the GWPR model was able to explain up to 86.76% of the variation in Tabalong Regency. Globally, plantation area, capital expenditure (lag 1), and the mining sector\u27s contribution significantly affect agricultural GRDP. However, GWPR estimates reveal substantial spatial variation, the coefficient of plantation area ranges from 0.036 to 0.233 (highest in Tabalong), capital expenditure from 0.019 to 0.050, while the mining sector\u27s contribution shows a consistently negative effect (–0.035 to –0.006), with the strongest impact in mining-intensive areas. These findings confirm the necessity of differentiated policy approaches tailored to the local characteristics of each region.Sektor pertanian memegang peran strategis dalam perekonomian Indonesia, termasuk di Kalimantan Selatan, namun kontribusinya terhadap PDRB tidak merata antarwilayah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis determinan PDRB sektor pertanian di Kalimantan Selatan secara global dan spasial. Dengan menggunakan data panel dari 13 kabupaten/kota periode 2020–2024, analisis dilakukan dengan dua pendekatan yaitu regresi data panel global dan Geographically Weighted Panel Regression (GWPR). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa model GWPR secara signifikan lebih unggul dalam menangkap heterogenitas spasial dibandingkan model global, dengan nilai Cross Validation (CV) sebesar 0,0425 dan R² sebesar 0,7042. Pada tingkat lokal, model GWPR bahkan mampu menjelaskan variasi hingga 86,76% di Kabupaten Tabalong. Secara global, variabel luas lahan perkebunan, belanja modal (lag 1), dan kontribusi sektor pertambangan signifikan memengaruhi PDRB sektor pertanian. Namun, estimasi GWPR mengungkap variasi spasial yang nyata, koefisien luas lahan perkebunan berkisar antara 0,036 hingga 0,233 (tertinggi di Tabalong), belanja modal antara 0,019 hingga 0,050, sementara kontribusi sektor pertambangan menunjukkan pengaruh negatif konsisten (–0,035 hingga –0,006), dengan dampak terkuat di wilayah pusat pertambangan. Temuan ini menegaskan pentingnya pendekatan kebijakan yang berbeda-beda sesuai karakteristik lokal setiap wilayah
BUDIDAYA SORGUM BERBASIS IRIGASI TETES SEBAGAI SOLUSI PERTANIAN LAHAN KERING DI DESA BORIKAMASE, KABUPATEN MAROS BARU
Full text linkSebagian besar masyarakat di Desa Borikamase, Kecamatan Maros Baru, Kabupaten Maros, berada pada usia produktif dan menggantungkan hidup pada sektor pertanian. Namun, curah hujan rata-rata tahunan yang hanya sekitar 412,03 mm menyebabkan keterbatasan air serta rendahnya produktivitas lahan kering. Untuk menjawab tantangan tersebut, tim pelaksana Program Penguatan Kapasitas Ormawa (PPK Ormawa) oleh Kelompok Mahasiswa Penalaran Ilmiah Universitas Hasanuddin (KM Pilar Unhas) melaksanakan program pengabdian masyarakat berupa pelatihan budidaya sorgum berbasis irigasi tetes sebagai solusi inovatif dalam meningkatkan efisiensi penggunaan air dan ketahanan pangan lokal. Kegiatan diawali dengan koordinasi bersama pemerintah desa dan mitra terkait, kemudian dilanjutkan dengan sosialisasi, penyampaian materi teori, hingga praktik lapangan yang melibatkan petani, karang taruna, dan anggota sanggar tani. Peserta diberikan pelatihan mulai dari persiapan lahan, penanaman sorgum, pemasangan instalasi irigasi tetes, pengaturan debit air, hingga monitoring pertumbuhan tanaman. Evaluasi dilakukan melalui pre-test, post-test, menunjukkan peningkatan signifikan pengetahuan dan keterampilan peserta terhadap teknologi hemat air, dengan nilai pre-test berkisar antara 0–84 (rerata 39,3) dan post-test meningkat menjadi 57–100 (rerata 77,5) (t = 5,09; P < 0,05). Selain dampak teknis, kegiatan ini memperkuat aspek sosial melalui pembentukan Sanggar Tani Borikamase, yang mendorong regenerasi petani muda dan kolaborasi masyarakat desa. Dengan demikian, program pengabdian masyarakat yang telah diinisiasi tidak hanya memberikan solusi adaptif terhadap keterbatasan sumber daya air, tetapi juga mendukung diversifikasi pertanian dan pembangunan sistem pertanian berkelanjutan di Desa Borikamase.
Kata kunci: Sorgum, irigasi tetes, lahan kering, pemberdayaan masyarakat, Desa Borikamase.
ABSTRACT
The majority of the population in Borikamase Village, Maros Baru District, Maros Regency, is of productive age and relies on the agricultural sector as their primary source of livelihood. However, the average annual rainfall of only around 412.03 mm causes water shortages and low productivity of dry land. To address these challenges, the Program Penguatan Kapasitas Ormawa (PPK Ormawa) by Kelompok Mahasiswa Penalaran Ilmiah Universitas Hasanuddin (KM Pilar Unhas) implemented a community service program in the form of training on drip irrigation-based sorghum cultivation as an innovative solution to improve water use efficiency and local food security. The activity began with coordination with the village government and relevant partners, This was followed by socialization, presentation of theoretical material, and field practice involving farmers, youth organizations, and members of farmer groups. Participants were given training ranging from land preparation, sorghum planting, installation of drip irrigation systems, water flow regulation, to crop growth monitoring. The evaluation was conducted through pre-tests, post-tests, and field practice observations, which showed a significant increase in participants\u27 knowledge and skills in understanding modern water-saving technology-based cultivation techniques. In addition to the technical impact, this activity also strengthened social aspects, especially through the involvement of village youth in the Borikamase Farmers Group, which encouraged the regeneration of young farmers and fostered enthusiasm. Thus, the community service program that has been initiated not only provides adaptive solutions to the limitations of water resources but also supports agricultural diversification and the development of a sustainable farming system in Borikamase Village.
Keywords: Sorghum, drip irrigation, dry land, community empowerment, Borikamase Villag