4653 research outputs found
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Fluence (UV dose) distribution assessment of UV-C light at 254 nm on food surfaces using radiochromic film dosimetry integrated with image processing and convolutional neural network (CNN)
No full textUniform Fluence (UV Dose) distribution on food surfaces is essential for an effective UV process design. In this study, the use of radiochromic films (RCFs) with a computer vision system (CVS) integrating image processing and Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) is proposed as an alternative method to assess Fluence distribution of UV-C light at 254 nm on food surfaces. The color difference of RCFs exposed to different UV irradiance and exposure times was correlated with Fluence. The validity of the developed methodology was proved by applying it to the surface of apple fruits of different shapes and sizes. A linear relationship was found between the color difference of RCF and Fluence. The maximum Fluence to be determined using RCFs was similar to 60 mJ/cm(2). The color of the films after UV irradiation remained stable for up to 15 days in darkness when stored at room and refrigeration temperatures. The results showed that RCF can be used as an alternative UV dosimeter.Food Science & Technolog
How authenticity of corporate social responsibility affects organizational attractiveness: Stakeholder perceptions of organizational ideology
No full textDespite the impact of ideologies on corporate social responsibility (CSR), little is known whether the authenticity of CSR can be assessed in the face of ideological tensions. Following cognitive dissonance and attribution theories, this study investigates the impact of CSR authenticity, which is conceptualized as a function of (1) the ideological fit between company and its CSR initiative and (2) the perceived motive of an ideologically distinct initiative, on organizational attractiveness. Findings of a survey on 253 respondents reveal that while both dimensions of CSR authenticity affect organizational attractiveness, the fit between company and its CSR has a higher effect than does the social motive of CSR. Moreover, positive attitudes toward the CSR initiative as well as the company itself both mediate theserelationships. The study shows taking an ideological perspective in authenticity is a relevant approach to understand CSR in the politically polarized contexts of most countries.Business || Environmental Studies || Managemen
What makes a visual scene more memorable? A rapid serial visual presentation (RSVP) study with dynamic visual scenes
No full textThe visual system has been characterized as having limited processing capacity. Research suggests that not all visual information is equal and that certain visual scenes are registered better than others. The present study investigated how people process biological stimuli under time constraint using a Rapid Serial Visual Presentation (RSVP) paradigm with dynamic movie scenes. The results of Experiments 1 and 2 indicated that recognition memory as well as identification performance got better with longer duration (400 ms vs. 200 ms). Most importantly, biological stimuli led to better memory and lower reaction times. Lastly, Experiment 3 was conducted to replicate previously observed dynamic advantage and to disentangle the role of motion from content. The results indicated that dynamic scenes were remembered better than static scenes for both the biological and non-biological stimuli. The ecological validity and retrieval benefit of dynamic scenes were discussed in relation to image memorability.Psychology, Experimenta
Digital environment and interaction in design education
No full textTraditional education techniques are shifting and changing today because of national and international advances, as well as digitization. With the Covid-19 evolution, institutional application-based design education has also had to transition to the online environment. In this study, while the effects and results of the online environment in design education were investigated, the interaction between the interfaces of learning management systems (LMS), which are digital platforms, and the student was examined. Under the interface- student interaction, student-instructor, student-student, and student-content were investigated. The study aims to examine student interaction through the Sakai and Blackboard interfaces used in online education in two universities providing design education in Izmir. Among the user research methods, focus group interviews and online surveys on behavioral, attitudinal, and qualitative axes were completed, and qualitative content analysis of the data obtained was conducted. In this study, the reasons why the platforms and interfaces used are not preferred in terms of interaction, the role and importance of other communication tools used by the students were investigated. Students stated that their interaction through the LMS was low, and it was observed that the level of interaction was less than in the physical environment. However, when interaction with other tools and platforms used in online education is taken into consideration, the level of interaction has increased to a higher level. This study, which was conducted by taking the current thoughts and comments of the students, is aimed to contribute to the development of future user-oriented digital designs and the existing online conditions in design education
Constructions of Multiple Deservingness Frames towards Refugees in Everyday Work Life in Izmir
No full textThis study focuses on the role of justification astrategies in the production and mobilization of multiple deservingness framings towards refugees in everyday work life. Drawing on in-depth interviews with Turkish employers in labour-intensive sectors in Izmir, the article presents a city-centred, evidence supported case which answers on the basis of which criteria Syrian refugee workers are deemed deserving and undeserving. It argues that the production of deservingness frames is not uniform and mutable across time and space, thereby actors can engage in different justification strategies in similar situations since the constitution and mobilization of deservingness frames are context-dependent. This study further argues that Turkish employers' narratives towards Syrian refugee workers are shaped by not only economic interests but also unique features of historical and socio-cultural dynamics at the local level, resulting in three distinct deservingness frames: established deservingness, fragile deservingness, and established undeservingness.Demography || Ethnic Studie
The Use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in Online Learning and Distance Education Processes: A Systematic Review of Empirical Studies
No full textArtificial intelligence (AI) technologies are used in many dimensions of our lives, including education. Motivated by the increasing use of AI technologies and the current state of the art, this study examines research on AI from the perspective of online distance education. Following a systematic review protocol and using data mining and analytics approaches, the study examines a total of 276 publications. Accordingly, time trend analysis increases steadily with a peak in recent years, and China, India, and the United States are the leading countries in research on AI in online learning and distance education. Computer science and engineering are the research areas that make the most of the contribution, followed by social sciences. t-SNE analysis reveals three dominant clusters showing thematic tendencies, which are as follows: (1) how AI technologies are used in online teaching and learning processes, (2) how algorithms are used for the recognition, identification, and prediction of students' behaviors, and (3) adaptive and personalized learning empowered through artificial intelligence technologies. Additionally, the text mining and social network analysis identified three broad research themes, which are (1) educational data mining, learning analytics, and artificial intelligence for adaptive and personalized learning || (2) algorithmic online educational spaces, ethics, and human agency || and (3) online learning through detection, identification, recognition, and prediction.Chemistry, Multidisciplinary || Engineering, Multidisciplinary || Materials Science, Multidisciplinary || Physics, Applie
Influence of different cooking methods on quality characteristics and nutritional value of gluten-free beef burger patties formulated with walnut oil, safflower oil and buckwheat
No full textIn this study, it was aimed to develop gluten-free beef burger patties with walnut and safflower oils and to examine the effects of different cooking methods on the quality and nutritional value of the product. Two different cooking methods (oven and pan cooking) and 60 days of storage were applied to the patties that were produced by replacing 50% animal fat content with walnut and safflower oils and using buckwheat flour instead of rusk. The highest MUFA+PUFA and MUFA+PUFA/SFA values were determined in walnut oil added oven cooked samples at the beginning of the storage and safflower oil added oven cooked samples at the end of the storage (P < 0.05). The nutritional quality indexes (NVI, HH, AI, HPI) of fat of beef burger patties improved with the replacement of fat with safflower and walnut oil and preserved better with the oven-cooked method according to the pan cooking method. The addition of walnut oil significantly increased the vitamin E values compared to those of the control sample and these values were preserved during storage (P < 0.05). However, the flavor and overall acceptability scores of the safflower oil samples were higher than those of the walnut oil samples during 30 days of storage (P < 0.05). It was concluded that safflower-added samples could be preferred in terms of lower hardness, oxidation value, total saturated fatty acid, higher cooking yield and sensory evaluation scores.Food Science & Technolog
Modular responsive facade proposals based on semi-regular and demi-regular tessellation: daylighting and visual comfort
No full textResponsive facades can reduce building energy consumption and control daylight and natural ventilation to improve user comfort. This study aims to develop alternative responsive facade systems based on semi-regular and demi-regular tessellations. For this purpose, first, the tessellation method used to generate responsive facades is introduced. Then, the geometric and parametric design principles and the movement capabilities of the proposed facade systems are presented. Finally, a set of analyses are performed to test and compare the performances of the facade systems based on daylight metrics and indoor glare comfort. This study contributes to the literature with the proposed facade systems that can adapt to changing environmental conditions, provide flexibility in shape control and simplicity in mechanism design, and improve building performance. The analysis results show that all the proposed facade systems provide the desired visual comfort and daylight levels at different configurations. & COPY || 2023 Higher Education Press Limited Company. Publishing services by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of KeAi Communications Co. Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).Architectur
Fiscal responses to COVID-19 outbreak for healthy economies: Modelling with big data analytics
No full textFiscal responses to the COVID-19 crisis have varied a lot across countries. Using a panel of 127 countries over two separate subperiods between 2020 and 2021, this paper seeks to determine the extent that fiscal responses contributed to the spread and containment of the disease. The study first documents that rich countries, which had the largest total and health-related fiscal responses, achieved the lowest fatality rates, defined as the ratio of COVID-related deaths to cases, despite having the largest recorded numbers of cases and fatalities. The next most successful were less developed economies, whose smaller total fiscal responses included a larger health-related component than emerging market economies. The study used a promising big data analytics technology, the random forest algorithm, to determine which factors explained a country's fatality rate. The findings indicate that a country's fatality ratio over the next period can be almost entirely predicted by its economic development level, fiscal expenditure (both total and health-related), and initial fatality ratio. Finally, the study conducted a counterfactual exercise to show that, had less developed economies implemented the same fiscal responses as the rich (as a share of GDP), then their fatality ratios would have declined by 20.47% over the first period and 2.59% over the second one.Economic
Towards the Smart Sustainable and Circular Food Supply Chains Through Digital Technologies
No full textFood supply chain management has become a remarkable issue due to the increasing food waste caused by globalization and population growth. It is essential to gain understanding of the drivers of circular economy in food supply chains and investigate stimulating factors in the development of circular food supply chains. Thus, this study conducted a systematic literature review from 2008 to 2020, including an analysis of 137 articles performed on data to answer specific research questions regarding circular food supply chain drivers. Drivers for transition to circular economy in food supply chains are presented in five main categories with 22 sub-drivers. This research contributes to the existing literature by presenting a novel approach to digital transformation in smart food supply chains through the integration of Industry 4.0 technologies. The findings present potential drivers of circular economy in food supply chains for digital transformation. This study also ensures operational efficiencies by digital technologies in food supply chains that can be beneficial for practitioners.Engineering, Multidisciplinary || Operations Research & Management Science || Mathematics, Applie