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Impact of IoT System Imperfections and Passenger Errors on Cruise Ship Evacuation Delay
No full textCruise ships and other naval vessels include automated Internet of Things (IoT)-based evacuation systems for the passengers and crew to assist them in case of emergencies and accidents. The technical challenges of assisting passengers and crew to safety during emergencies include various aspects such as sensor failures, imperfections in the sound or display systems that are used to direct evacuees, the timely selection of optimum evacuation routes for the evacuees, as well as computation and communication delays that may occur in the IoT infrastructure due to intense activities during an emergency. In addition, during an emergency, the evacuees may be confused or in a panic, and may make mistakes in following the directions offered by the evacuation system. Therefore, the purpose of this work is to analyze the effect of two important aspects that can have an adverse effect on the passengers' evacuation time, namely (a) the computer processing and communication delays, and (b) the errors that may be made by the evacuees in following instructions. The approach we take uses simulation with a representative existing cruise ship model, which dynamically computes the best exit paths for each passenger, with a deadline-driven Adaptive Navigation Strategy (ANS). Our simulation results reveal that delays in the evacuees' reception of instructions can significantly increase the total time needed for passenger evacuation. In contrast, we observe that passenger behavior errors also affect the evacuation duration, but with less effect on the total time needed to evacuate passengers. These findings demonstrate the importance of the design of passenger evacuation systems in a way that takes into account all realistic features of the ship's indoor evacuation environment, including the importance of having high-performance data processing and communication systems that will not result in congestion and communication delays.Chemistry, Analytical || Engineering, Electrical & Electronic || Instruments & Instrumentatio
A Spatial Reflection of Social Transformation: Taksim Municipal Gazino, 1939
No full textTaksim Municipal Gazino, which hosted its visitors inside the Inonu Promenade between 1939 and 1967, was one of the leading examples of gazinos (an entertainment venue) built with the support of the state in the early republican era in Turkey. Designed by the municipality architect, Ruknettin Guney, within the scope of French city planner Henri Prost's Istanbul Master Plan, the edifice was a quintessential example of modern architecture that epitomized the state's Westernization ideology. This article examines the gazino practice as a spatial reflection of social transformation by presenting a historical and spatial reading of the Taksim Municipal Gazino. The study analyzes the gazino structure as a power mechanism that produces secular identities by focusing on the dialectic between the spaces in the building and the experiences of its patrons. The analysis of architectural drawings, photographs, and literary works associated with the building, on the one hand, reveals how the architect, operating as a cultural leader, utilized architectural creation to present the Western lifestyle to society. On the other hand, it indicates that Taksim Municipal Gazino served as a platform for individuals to display their modernity. Moreover, the study propounds that the building contributed to the modernization process of the newly established nation-state, and it has served as a spatial tool that notably strengthened the position of female regulars in the public sphere.Ar
Investigating the effects of barriers and challenges on Logistics 4.0 in the era of evolving digital technology
No full textPurposeThis study aims to reveal and prioritize the main barriers and challenges in front of the Logistics 4.0 transformation, which is the extension of Industry 4.0. Also, this study presents a roadmap for a company operating in developing countries to reduce and eliminate challenges and hurdles for each link in their supply chain.Design/methodology/approachA two-stage methodology was used in this study. First, a detailed literature review was conducted to identify the barriers to innovations compatible with Industry 4.0. Hence, barriers have been identified, including nine from the literature review. The best-worst method (BWM) is then used to determine these barriers' weights and order of importance. To implement BWM, two-stage e-surveys are applied to experts.FindingsThe Managerial and Economic Challenges dimension is the most important, and Regulatory and social challenges is the least essential dimension among the main dimension. Moreover, financial constraints or capitals are the most critical barriers among the sub-barriers. This study gives the reader a comprehensive insight into how detected barriers affect digitalization performance. Therefore, this framework is a roadmap designed with a holistic view to guide manufacturers, logistics parties and even policy and decision-makers.Originality/valueTheoretically and empirically identifies the potential barriers and challenges in the digital transformation of logistics is already missing at the desired level. From this point of view, to the best of the authors' knowledge, this study is the first research that determines barriers based on the Logistics 4.0 model with an industrial perspective. One of the most important limitations of this study is that a total of nine dimensions were examined under only three basic barriers. Different alternatives can be identified for future studies.Managemen
Lq-norm multiple kernel fusion regression for self-cleansing sediment transport
No full textExperimental and modeling studies have been conducted to develop an approach for self-cleansing rigid boundary open channel design such as drainage and sewer systems. Self-cleansing experiments in the literature are mostly performed on circular channel cross-section, while a few studies considered self-cleansing sediment transport in small rectangular channels. Experiments in this study were carried out in a rectangular channel with a length of 12.5 m, a width of 0.6 m, a depth of 0.7 m and having an automatic control system for regulating channel slope, discharge and sediment rate. Behind utilizing collected experimental data in this study, existing data in the literature for rectangular channels are used to develop self-cleansing models applicable for channel design. Through the modeling procedure, this study recommends Lq-norm multiple kernel fusion regression (LMKFR) techniques for self-cleansing sediment transport. The LMKFR is a regression technique based on the regularized kernel regression method which benefits from the combination of multiple information sources to improve the performance using the Lq-norm multiple kernel learning framework. The results obtained by LMKFR are compared to support vector regression benchmark and existing conventional regression self-cleansing sediment transport models in the literature for rectangular channels. The superiority of LMKFR is illustrated in an accurate modeling as compared with its alternatives in terms of various statistical error measurement criteria. The encouraging results of LMKFR can be linked to utilization of several kernels which are fused effectively using an Lq-norm prior that captures the intrinsic sparsity of the problem at hand. Promising performance of LMKFR technique in this study suggests it as an effective technique to be examined in similar environmental, hydrological and hydraulic problems.Computer Science, Artificial Intelligenc
Consumer Response to Novel Foods: A Review of Behavioral Barriers and Drivers
No full textThere is a pressing need for a transition toward more sustainable diets, which has become a shared priority for both consumers and businesses. Innovation is becoming increasingly widespread across all facets of the food supply chain. This innovation spans various domains related to production, including sustainable cultivation methods as well as new food technologies like gene editing, new product development like functional foods, and revitalizing underutilized and genetically diverse varieties to preserve biodiversity. However, not all innovative efforts are accepted by consumers and survive in markets. The interwoven and long agri-food supply chains often obscure the feedback loop between production and consumption. Consequently, it is important to understand to what extent consumers embrace these food innovations and form new eating habits. This review aims to investigate the consumer response to novel foods, focusing on behavioral factors, which have yet to receive as much attention as sensory factors. Peer-reviewed empirical articles from the last decade are examined inductively to develop a bird's-eye view of the behavioral barriers to and drivers of consumer acceptance of novel foods. In addition, strategies to overcome the identified challenges associated with the behavioral barriers are reviewed and examined. Based on this, the study links cognitive biases with behavioral factors influencing consumer acceptance of novel foods. This study concludes that the inconvenience associated with abandoning established eating habits is typically perceived as a loss, and avoiding this inconvenience is deemed more worth the risk than the potential gains associated with novel food consumption. This study suggests that framing and placing pro-diversity labels could serve as effective behavioral interventions for marketing strategists and food policymakers.Food Science & Technolog
Production control problem for multi-product multi-resource make-to-stock systems
No full textMost of today's production systems are working with parallel production resources to increase throughput rate due to the increase in high variability in demand and product mix. Effective control and performance evaluation of such systems is of paramount importance to minimize production and inventory-related costs. We examine a production-inventory system featuring parallel production resources capable of producing various products. In many industries such as automotive, white goods, electronics, and paint, multiple/parallel production resources are widely used to produce the ideal amount and satisfy incoming demands for distinct products. In this study, shortage cost is not restricted to only one type and both lost sales and backordering cases are analyzed. In order to analyze the optimal production policies' behavior, we initially formulate dynamic programming models for both lost sales and backordering systems, treating them as Markov Decision Processes. Subsequently, we solve these models using the value iteration algorithm. Given the challenges posed by the curse of dimensionality in the value iteration algorithm, we suggest alternative heuristic production policies. These policies extend the existing ones described for multi-item single-resource make-to-stock (MTS) systems to accommodate multiple resources. We construct simulation models to assess the efficacy of the heuristic policies, conducting comparisons of their performance against both the optimal policy and among one another. To the best of our knowledge, there has been no exploration of scenarios involving multiple production resources concurrently manufacturing distinct products in a MTS environment. Hence, this study serves as an extension to the examination of multi-item, multi-production resource MTS systems. (c) 2024 by the authors || licensee Growing Science, CanadaEngineering, Industrial || Operations Research & Management Scienc
Effect of urbanization on surface runoff and performance of green roofs and permeable pavement for mitigating urban floods
No full textFloods are increasingly becoming a significant concern due to climate change, global warming, and excessive urbanization. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) has projected that global warming will continue to contribute to more frequent and severe floods and hydrological extremes. In response to these challenges, nature-based solutions (NBSs) have gained recognition as effective approaches to mitigate the adverse impacts of floods by focusing on ecosystem conservation, restoration, and sustainable utilization of natural resources. This study examines a flood that occurred in the Erkilet District of Kayseri, T & uuml;rkiye on September 22, 2022, as a result of intense rainfall. It involves a thorough on-site investigation to assess the hydraulic, hydrologic, and geotechnical attributes of the study area. The findings from the field study indicate that the primary cause of the flood is attributed to excessive urbanization. To further analyze the impact of urbanization, a hydraulic model is developed considering both the physical and topographical conditions of the study area for both the year 2006 and 2022. The simulation results reveal that the extent of inundation area and water depth has increased significantly due to the excessive urbanization that occurred within a 16-year period. Additionally, the effectiveness of green roofs and permeable pavements as NBSs to mitigate urban flooding is explored. The implementation of green roofs and permeable pavements shows promising results, reducing the adverse effects of urban floods by 3% to 8%, depending on their specific locations and configurations. However, the results suggest that NBSs alone cannot fully prevent floods so they should complement gray infrastructure. The novelty of the study lies in its ability to demonstrate the impact of urbanization and the effectiveness of nature-based solutions in mitigating flood extent based.Geosciences, Multidisciplinary || Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences || Water Resource
A hybrid Bayesian approach for assessment of industry 4.0 technologies towards achieving decarbonization in manufacturing industry
No full textSince the 1st Industrial Revolution, the Earth's atmosphere has warmed due to human activities like deforestation, burning fossil fuels for energy generation, and livestock raising. Without preventative measures, the Earth's atmosphere would warm by 2 degrees C before the next Industrial Revolution. Thus, it has become crucial to move toward a low-carbon economy. Reaching carbon neutrality means cutting our carbon footprint to zero. Innovative research methods and technologies can play a significant role in supporting the economy in its carbon reduction efforts. Industry 4.0 (I4.0) technologies hold great potential for decarbonizing the economy. However, there is a need to explore and utilize this potential effectively. This study aims to address this by developing a methodology that identifies relevant attributes and critical measures from existing literature, mapping them with I4.0 technologies. Using a MCDM approach, each measure is prioritized based on importance. To better understand the interrelationships between these attributes and I4.0 technologies, the Bayesian Network (BN) method is employed. This approach enables the exploration of dependencies and influences among variables. By implementing this four-stage strategy, economies can make informed decisions and prioritize actions contributing to carbon neutrality while leveraging the benefits of I4.0 technologies. This approach offers a comprehensive framework for guiding economies on their path towards carbon neutrality, considering the potential of I4.0 technologies and the importance of various attributes identified through literature.Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications || Engineering, Industria
A Comprehensive Overview of Foreign Language Teachers' Professional Development: Self-directed and Institutional Professional Development Activities of English Teachers in Turkey
No full textWhen the literature on the professional development of English as a foreign language (EFL) teachers is examined, professional development predominantly encompasses institutional activities. This study critically examines conventional definitions and practices related to the professional development of EFL teachers, arguing that in line with the demands of the era, teachers' professional development should also include self-directed individual activities. However, for professional development activities to contribute to the ultimate goal of student learning, it is important for the organizational culture in which teachers are situated to be supportive of their professional development. To seek answers to research questions about how the institutional and self-directed activities carried out by EFL teachers in T & uuml;rkiye and the organizational culture influence these activities, an exploratory sequential strategy was employed in the research. First, qualitative data were collected, and then quantitative data were collected through a survey tool developed based on the qualitative data. Comprehensive individual interviews were conducted with a total of 28 teachers across Turkey, and survey data were collected from 819 teachers. The findings are presented as self-directed (unstructured) professional development activities (e.g., use of search engines, reading news websites, watching videos/series, etc.) and institutional (structured) professional development activities (participation in national and international conferences, etc.). The necessity of foreign language teachers being involved in many individual activities through self-direction, beyond their participation in activities planned by institutions, for the professional development of a foreign language teacher is discussed. The study proposes a comprehensive perspective on the concept of professional development related to EFL teachers and offers recommendations for the field of foreign language teacher education.Education & Educational Researc
Validation of the Short Version (TLS-15) of the Triangular Love Scale (TLS-45) Across 37 Languages (OCT, 10.1007/s10508-023-02702-7, 2023)
No full textPsychology, Clinical || Social Sciences, Interdisciplinar