APAV - Academy of Sciences, Letters, Arts and Technology (E-Journals)
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On the symmetries of electrodynamic interactions
Get PDFWhile mechanics was developed under the idea of reciprocal action (interactions), electromagnetism, as we know it today, takes a form more akin to unilateral action. Interactions call for spatial relations, unilateral action calls for space, just one reference centre. In contrast, interactions are matters of relations that require at least two centres. The development of the relational electromagnetism encouraged by Gauss appears to stop around 1870 for reasons that are not completely clear but are certainly not solely scientific. By the same time, Maxwell recognised the equivalence in formulae of his electromagnetism and the one advocated by Gauss and called for an explanation of why such theories so differently conceived have such a large part in common. In this work we reconstruct and update the relational electromagnetism up to the contributions of Lorentz guided by the non-arbitrariness principle (NAP) that requests arbitrary choices to be accompanied by groups of symmetries. We show that a-priori there must be two more symmetries in electromagnetism, one related to the breaking (in the description) of the relation source/detector and one relating all the perceptions of the same source by detectors moving with different (constant) relative velocities. We show that the idea of electromagnetic waves put forward in concept by Lorenz (1861-1863) before Maxwell (1865) and in formulae (1867) just after Maxwell, together with the ``least action principle'' proposed by Lorentz are enough to derive Maxwell's equations, the continuity equation and the Lorentz' force, and that there is a dual formulation in terms of fields of the receiver (as opposed to fields of the source). While Galilean transformations are associated with removing the arbitrariness implied in the election of a reference space, they will not explicitly appear in a formulation based upon a relational space although we occasionally mention their usefulness. In contrast, Lorentz' transformations will emerge in this formulation involving the relations between the perceived fields of different receivers. Moreover, the role of the full Poincaré-Lorentz group as a group of transformations of the perceived actions is elucidated. In summary, we answer Maxwell's philosophical question showing how the same theory in formulae can be abduced using different inferred entities. Each form of abduction implies as well an interpretation and a facilitation of the theoretical construction. This work relies heavily on logical concepts as abduction put forward by C. Peirce, needed for the construction of theories
On Intuitionistic Semi * Continuous Functions
Get PDFIn this paper we introduce intuitionistic semi * continuous and intuitionistic contra - semi * continuous functions via the concept of intuitionistic semi * open and intuitionistic semi * closed set respectively. Also, we investigate their properties and characterization.
Some Results in Hausdorff Neutrosophic Metric Spaces on Hutchinson-Barnsley Operator
Get PDFThe main purpose of this paper is to prove the Neutrosophic contraction properties of the Hutchinson-Barnsley operator on the Neutrosophic hyperspace with respect to the Hausdorff Neutrosophic metrics. Also we discuss about the relationships between the Hausdorff Neutrosophic metrics on the Neutrosophic hyperspaces. Our theorems generalize and extend some recent results related with Hutchinson-Barnsley operator in the metric spaces to the Neutrosophic metric spaces
Weaker Forms of Nano Irresolute and Its Contra Functions
Get PDFIn this paper the concept of some weaker forms of irresolute and contra irresolute functions in Nano Topological spaces are studied and its related characteristics are discussed. Also we introduced the notion called contra nano alpha irresolute function, contra nano semi irresolute function, contra nano pre irresolute function and its properties are examined
Order and disorder in the cities
Get PDFIn recent years a paradigm has emerged for which urban liveability coincides with the existence of conditions of order, rationality, predictability and safety. If we combine this with the enormous technological progress applied to the management of urban ecosystems and the strongly transitional nature of our age (digital transition, climate change, ecological transition ...), we understand why in the last twenty years the concept of “Smart City” has been one of the most successful. But exactly what are we talking about when we talk about Smart City? In reality, the process of smartification does not only concern the urban dimension but, in some way, seems to apply to so many aspects of life. What kind of rationality is hidden in the dynamics of smartification? Are there dark sides of the Smart Cities? Are there alternatives to the Order based on standardization, digital surveillance, massive use of increasingly invasive technologies? These are categories whose application is generally argued with the need to generate “sustainable” ways of life but to what extent are these categories sustainable themselves? Martin Heidegger warned that the fact that “everything works” is exactly the problem and not the solution. Is humanity generating an increasingly irrational rationality?The provocation launched by some Authors (above all Richard Sennett) is that there is the possibility of an antagonism to this process, designing cities as something open, never concluded, dis-organized. But what exactly does this disorder consist of? Is it a mere utopia or is it really possible to develop concrete categories and urban planning practices consistent with it
Motor Imagery Classification Using Rough Neural Network
Get PDFBrain Computer Interface is a system which provides a communication channel between the user and a computer without using the normal neuromuscular pathways. With BCI a user will be able to communicate with the mind. In a BCI system the brain activities are measured using EEG acquisition system. The acquired brain signals are analyzed and classified to identify the user’s intention. Motor imagery BCI works by making the user imagine their body parts without actually moving it. Prominent features are extracted from the acquired brain signals and the extracted features are classified to find the motor imagery performed by the user. This study uses datasets are provided by the Dr. Cichocki's Lab (Lab for Advanced Brain Signal Processing). We propose the Rough Neural Network (RNN) for Motor imagery classification. The experimental results show that RNN classifier gives higher accuracy than Backpropagation Classifie
The Detour Monophonic Convexity Number of a Graph
Get PDFA set is detour monophonic convexif The detour monophonic convexity number is denoted by is the cardinality of a maximum proper detour monophonic convex subset of Some general properties satisfied by this concept are studied. The detour monophonic convexity number of certain classes of graphs are determined. It is shown that for every pair of integers and with there exists a connected graph such that and , where is the monophonic convexity number of
On The Study of Edge Monophonic Vertex Covering Number
Get PDFFor a connected graph G of order n ≥ 2, a set S of vertices of G is an edge monophonic vertex cover of G if S is both an edge monophonic set and a vertex covering set of G. The minimum cardinality of an edge monophonic vertex cover of G is called the edge monophonic vertex covering number of G and is denoted by . Any edge monophonic vertex cover of cardinality is a -set of G. Some general properties satisfied by edge monophonic vertex cover are studied
Remarks on Interiors and Closures of Weak Open Sets in Bigeneralized Topological Spaces
Get PDFWe establish the relationships between the interior and closure operators among the µij -semiopen, µij -preopen, αµij -open, βµij -open sets in bigeneralized topological space
D4-Magic Graphs
Get PDFConsider the set X = {1, 2, 3, 4} with 4 elements. A permutation of X is a function from X to itself that is both one one and on to. The permutations of X with the composition of functions as a binary operation is a nonabelian group, called the symmetric group S 4 . Now consider the collection of all permutations corresponding to the ways that two copies of a square with vertices 1, 2, 3 and 4 can be placed one covering the other with vertices on the top of vertices. This collection form a nonabelian subgroup of S 4 , called the dihedral group D 4 . In this paper, we introduce A-magic labelings of graphs, where A is a finite nonabelian group and investigate graphs that are D 4 -magic. This did not attract much attention in the literature