Advanced Research Publications: Science Journals
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Comparative Study of Plant Diversity in “Durga Sagor Eco Park” and “Planet Park” Ecosystem in Barisal, Bangladesh
No full textBiodiversity is a common means of ecosystem resiliency; as a diversified community can withstand in a small to medium scale disturbance or can build back better by using its own resources (species). Two adjacent Eco park eg. Durga Sagor Eco Park and Planet Park of Barisal in the district of Barisal, Bangladesh have managed terrestrial ecosystem with a lot of plant diversity. This study focuses on to formulate a diversity index and assessing ecosystem resiliency by using the index of two different ecosystems. For conducting this research visual screening is conducted by the authors, secondary data sources like annual report of Park authority, books, journals etc. have been used respectively. The major findings of this study are that Durga sagor ecosystem has greater biodiversity than Planet Park ecosystem. The Shannon Index and Shimpson Index of Durga sagor and Planet Park is 2.71, 2.62 and 0.14, 0.13 respectively. Evenness of two adjacent ecosystems is 0.80 and 0.77. Finally the results indicate that Durga sagor ecosystem is more resilient than planet park ecosystem as its biodiversity is greater than Planet Park. In case of any natural disturbance (natural disaster) Durga sagor ecosystem will withstand more time than Planet Park ecosystem.
Quantification of Size Segregated Particulate Matter Deposition in Human Airways
No full textBackground: Air pollution has become a significant concern in both urban and rural sectors due to its catastrophic effect on human health and the environment. Particulate matter (PM) is crucial among criteria pollutants and is well correlated with human mortality and morbidity. Based on aerodynamic size, PM is classified into coarse (PM10) and fine (PM2.5 and PM1). A recent study by World Health Organization showed that PM has caused 7 million premature deaths globally. Also, the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) identified PM as carcinogenic as it is directly related to lung cancer. Human airway is the primary pathway for PM to enter the human body. Hence the study on coarse and fine PM deposition in the human respiratory tract is essential for health risk assessments.Materials and Methods: Hourly measurements of PM10, PM2.5 and PM1 are measured during a winter using Grimm aerosol spectrometer near an arterial roadside in Chennai city of Tamil Nadu, India. PM deposition in the human airway is investigated using the Multiple-Path Particle Deposition Model (MPPD) version 3.04. In MPPD model, the stochastic structure which depicts the real human lung is considered. The deposition in MPPD model is assessed for three size fractions, i.e. PM10, PM2.5 and PM1 under different breathing scenarios viz. nasal, oral, and oronasal.Results: Highest total deposited mass rate obtained from the MPPD model for PM10, PM2.5, and PM1 are 942 ng min-1, 345 ng min-1, and 104 ng min-1, respectively. The maximum deposited mass rate is also assessed in the head (PM10 = 904 ng min-1; PM2.5 = 244 ng min-1; PM1 = 57 ng min-1), tracheobronchial (PM10 = 284 ng min-1; PM2.5 = 60 ng min-1; PM1 = 24 ng min-1) and pulmonary (PM10 = 32 ng min-1; PM2.5 = 89 ng min-1; PM1 = 27 ng min-1) regions. In the head region, maximum deposition is caused by nasal breathing; whereas, tracheobronchial (TB) and pulmonary regions, the oral breathing leads to higher deposition. Results also showed that for all PM sizes the lobe wise depositions are in the following order: right upper > left lower > left upper > right middle > right lower. Further, the airway clearance results indicated that PM removal is faster in the TB region than the alveolar region.Conclusion: PM10 has a higher deposition in the head region whereas PM2.5 and PM1 deposition is higher in the TB and pulmonary regions. This indicates that PM deposition inside lungs is influenced by its size and several other deposition mechanisms viz. inertial impaction, sedimentation, diffusion and interception. Further, this study results can be utilized for assessing health risks such as oxidative potential and toxicity of deposited PM
Scientific Reality of the Leh-Magnetic Hill/ Gravity Hill!
No full textThe article consists of parameters from investigation conducted at Magnetic Hill near Leh region of Himalayas. It has been observed that the magnitude of magnetic intensity in this part of Himalayas remains high however within the limits of magnitude of earth’s surface magnetic field range. The Z component of the earth’s magnetic field intensity is vertically upward and hence negative. Hence the observed phenomenon has been tried to explain with the known physical phenomenon’s and is not gravity defyin
Research Productivity of Science Academics - A Webometrics Analysis
No full textThe study aims to know the research productivity of science academics as reflected in the database of Google Scholar. Based on the number of articles and citations, the research productivity has been measured. The h-index, i-10 index of the science academics are also considered to measure the research productivity. The result of the study found that only 25.19% science faculty members have created their Google Scholar my citation account. The study also found that among the faculty members, S. K. Sarangi has received 4479 citations for his 199 articles which are included in the database; his h-index and i10-index 36 and 74 respectively and thus he stands in the first place in the ranked list. The study also reveals that the Department of Mathematics has the highest average h-index (6) and average i10 index (11.12).
Effective Ways of Teaching History
No full textThere is normally a complaint against the teaching of history that the past events had to be narrated and as a result teaching becomes very dry and insipid. Dates are mentioned frequently and the past events are described by the teacher of history. But this is partially true. History educators also can create more effective ways to teach history to students. They can incorporate primary sources into classroom discussions. They can also make use of local issues to connect students with the past. The teacher had to stimulate the interests of his students to make his teaching lively and interactive. Historians could devise and share the techniques they have found to be most effective in their teaching careers.
A Review of Biochar Based Technologies in Carbon Capture and Sequestration
No full textThe emission of greenhouse gases, predominantly, carbon dioxide, due to burning, decomposition and various other ways to dispose of agricultural crop residues or biomass waste has led to an increased persistence of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. Biochar is biologically active charcoal which is created by biomass feedstock pyrolysis in an oxygen deprived condition. Feedstock such as manure generated by poultry and livestock operations, agricultural waste and biodegradable solid waste can be used for the production of biochar. Biochar can be used as a soil amendment for poor soils, carrier for plant nutrients, water filtering medium, insulation in the building industry and as carbon sinks due to its porosity, stability and high surface area. The pyrolysis of biomass in the absence of oxygen yields an array of solid (biochar - dominant product during slow pyrolysis), liquid (bio-oil) and gaseous (syngas) products. As the key element in a new carbon-negative strategy, biochar can mitigate climate change by carbon sequestration and facilitate the development of a sustainable society by resolving critical challenges of food and energy security, etc. This review emphasizes on biochar utility as an approach to carbon capture and sequestration and hence the need to develop a carbon negative industry by minimizing atmospheric carbon
Biodiversity, Application of Bioenergy for Energy Systems or Materials and Environmental Sustainability: Sustainable Energies Future Perspective through Energy Efficiency Development
No full textThe demand for energy continued to outstrip supply and necessitated the development of biomass option. Residues were the most popular forms of renewable energy and currently biofuel production became much promising. Agricultural wastes contained high moisture content and could be decomposed easily by microbes. Agricultural wastes were abundantly available globally and could be converted to energy and useful chemicals by a number of microorganisms. Compost or bio-fertiliser could be produced with the inoculation of appropriated thermophilic microbes which increased the decomposition rate, shortened the maturity period and improved the compost (or bio-fertiliser) quality. The objective of the present research was to promote the biomass technology and involved adaptive research, demonstration and dissemination of results. With a view to fulfill the objective, a massive field survey was conducted to assess the availability of raw materials as well as the present situation of biomass technologies. In the present communication, an attempt had also been made to present an overview of present and future use of biomass as an industrial feedstock for production of fuels, chemicals and other materials. We may conclude from the review paper that biomass technology must be encouraged, promoted, invested, implemented, and demonstrated, not only in urban areas but also in remote rural areas
Theoretical Study of the Kinetics and Mechanism of Elimination for the Decomposition Reaction of Ethylamine
No full textThe products of the gas-phase elimination of ethylamine,CH3CH2NH2, are ammonia(NH3) and ethane(C2H4). Computational study of the kinetics and mechanism of elimination for decomposition reaction of ethylamine was investigated using semi-empirical PM3, HF/6-31G* and DFT with B3LYP at 6-31G* basis set level methods of calculation. Optimized geometries of reactant, transition state and products were determined at semi-empirical, Hartree fock, and density functional theory basis set level. The reaction proved to be a unimolecular reaction and followed a first order rate expression. The calculation showed that the gas-phase reaction of ethylamine proceeds through a four-membered cyclic transition state which involved a C1-H4 and C2-NH2 bond breaking and H4-NH2 bond formed. The Arrhenius parameters, Log A (12.40, 13.26, and 13.25) obtained for the methods PM3, HF/6-31G* and DFT with B3LYP at 6-31G* basis set level respectively are in relative good agreement with the experimental finding
Mapping of Research Productivity in Avinashilingam University for Women: A Scientometric Study
No full textThis paper discusses about the published research articles and its citation available in the Indian Citation Index by the authors from Avinashilingam University for Women. The relevant data are collected from Indian Citation Index and it was analyzed. It shows among the 585, maximum of 111 (18.97%) articles published in 2011 and minimum of 10 (1.71%) articles published in 2015. Based on the citation during the period 324 citations were made. Among the citations, maximum of 51 (15.74%) citations in 2005 followed by 47 (14.51%) in the year 2011, was identified
वितरित कम्प्यूटिंग में मोबाईल एजेन्टो के अनुप्रयोग एवं संभावनाए
No full textवितरित सूचना प्रणाली विकसित करने में मोबाइल एजेंट का नाम सबसे ऊपर जुड़ गया है विशेष रूप से उनकी गतिशीलता और अनुकूलता को मोबाइल कंप्यूटिंग के परिदृश्यों में उत्पन्न होने वाली विभिन्न समस्याओं से निपटने के दृष्टिकोण से उपयुक्त माना गया है