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Mobilitet i den frivillige sektor. En panelanalyse af danskernes frivillige engagement fra 2004 til 2012
Get PDFDen sociologiske forskning i frivilligt arbejde har længe været optaget af at afklare hvilke faktorer, der afgør om et menneske engagerer sig i civilsamfundet eller ej. En række forskellige teorier tilskriver den afgørende betydning til henholdsvis de frivilliges normer, ressourcer eller netværk. I en dansk kontekst er dette spørgsmål hidtil kun blevet adresseret ved hjælp af tværsnitsdata. I denne artikel undersøger vi betydningen af disse forskellige faktorer for danske frivillige med udgangspunkt i paneldata fra 2004 og 2012. Formålet med denne artikel er at afprøve de tre dominerende teorier, om hvad der får folk til at blive frivillige, samt hvad der får dem til at holde op igen. Endvidere undersøges teoriernes respektive gyldighed inden for tre forskellige civilsamfundssektorer – den aktivitetsorienterede, den velfærdsorienterede og den politisk- og lokalsamfundsorienterede sektor – for at undersøge, hvorvidt det er de samme faktorer, der har betydning for det frivillige engagement på tværs af forskellige typer frivillig aktivitet. Analysen viser, at det især er netværk knyttet til forskellige livsfaser, der forklarer bevægelser ind og ud af frivillighed. Yderligere viser vi, at familietraditioner for frivilligt arbejde socialiserer stærkt til selv at blive frivillig, hvorimod socialiseringsforskelle mellem fødselskohorter kun synes at have betydning for frivilligheden inden for den politiske sektor. Endelig viser analysen, at uddannelsesmæssige ressourcer overraskende har meget begrænset betydning for mobilitet ind og ud af frivilligt arbejde.
ENGELSK ABSTRACT:
Morten Frederiksen and Rasmus Juul Møberg: Mobility in the Volunteer Sector. A Panel Data Analysis of Danish People’s Involvement in Volunteer Work between 2004 and 2012
Sociological research on volunteering has had a longstanding interest in identifying the factors affecting whether people volunteer or not. Three different theoretical positions ascribe the decisive impact to resources, norms, and/or networks of the volunteers. The Danish case has hitherto only been investigated using cross sectional data. In this article, we investigate the importance of these different factors in Denmark using panel data from 2004 and 2012. The purpose of the article is to test these three dominant theories about what makes people volunteer and what makes them stop again. Furthermore, the salience of each theory is analysed within three different sectors of civil society: the activity oriented, the welfare oriented and the politics and community oriented. The purpose is to investigate whether the same factors are important in the different sectors, as is usually assumed. The analysis indicates that social networks associated with different life stages, in particular, can account for mobility in and out of volunteer work. Additionally, we show that socialization through family traditions for volunteering is strong, whereas differences in socialization between birth cohorts only seems to affect volunteering in the politics and community sector. Finally, we find that education has surprisingly little influence on volunteer mobility.
Keywords: volunteer work, panel data, volunteer sectors, norms, life stage
Forskeres informationsadfærd – et kvalitativt studie
Get PDFMed inspiration fra de allestedsnærværende ideer omkring brugerdreven innovation og især designantropologiens etnografiske metoder udførte Det Samfundsvidenskabelige Fakultetsbibliotek, Det Kongelige Bibliotek, en større kvalitativ undersøgelse af forskerbrugergruppens informationsadfærd. Denne artikel beretter om tankerne bag undersøgelsen, nogle udvalgte resultater samt de metodiske erfaringer
Foucault on Ethics and Subjectivity: ‘Care of the Self’ and ‘Aesthetics of Existence’
Get PDFThis paper considers the structure of the ethical subject found in Foucault’s late works on ethics, and gives an account of his two major ethical concepts: “care of the self” and “aesthetics of existence.” The “care of the self,” it is argued, gives Foucault a way of conceptualising ethics which does not rely on juridical categories, and which does not conceive the ethical subject on the model of substance. The “care of the self” entails an understanding of the ethical subject as a process which is always in a relation, specifically in a relation to itself. Using his essay “What is an Author,” it is argued that the subject of the “aesthetics of existence,” like the author of a text, is understood to be fully immanent to the “object” which it is usually considered to be opposed to and separated from. Rather than aiming at a true expression of an “authentic” inner substance, Foucault’s “aesthetics of existence” leads instead to practices of “creativity,” whose form cannot be given in advance
A Commentary on “The Senses in Anthropological and Marketing Research: Investigating a Consumer-Brand Ritual Holistically”
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“Is power always secondary to the economy?” Foucault and Adorno on Power and Exchange
Get PDFThe paper begins with a broad description of Adorno’s and Foucault's relations to Marx. Its focus then narrows to describe the relation between the economy and the state in their work, and in particular, whether Adorno adopted Friedrich Pollock’s state capitalist thesis which asserts that state power now outflanks the market economy. The next section deals with exchange relations and power relations, and Foucault’s discussion of neo-liberalism in The Birth of Biopolitics comes to the fore. After questioning Foucault’s claim that neo-liberalism effectively abandons exchange, I conclude that, while Adorno may well be right about the primacy of exchange relations, his analysis must be supplemented with an analysis of power because he recognizes that power superseded exchange in Nazi Germany and believes that the West still faces a resurgence of that horror. In fact, it was this very threat that impelled Foucault to devote much of his work to an analysis of power
Jean Baudrillard, The Intelligence of Evil, or The Lucidity Pact [2004], translated by Chris Turner (London; New York: Bloomsbury, 2013)
Get PDFWarren Montag, Althusser and His Contemporaries: Philosophy’s Perpetual War (Durham: Duke University Press, 2013), 256pp., $23.95 pb ISBN: 978-0-8223-9904-9.
Get PDFTaxi drivers: ethnic segmentation, precarious work, and informal economic strategies in the Swedish taxi industry
Get PDFThis article invesitgates the processes of ethnic segmentation, precarious labour, and informalization in the Swedish taxi industry during a period of rapid deregulation during the 1990s. It does so by focussing on the life story of a single individual―Adem, a taxi driver in the Swedish city of Malmö. Despite his education, long working experience, and all efforts to make use of these advantages, all doors to an appropriate career in Sweden have remained closed to him. As a result, he has been pushed into working in the taxi sector, which is increasingly characterized by ethnic segmentation, hard working conditins, and harsh competition, forcing people to deploy informal economic strategies in order to survive. Adem’s fate becomes strongly determined by these socio-economical processes. At the same time, the article shows that these processes are not separate, but are closely interrelated and reinforce each other. On the broader level these processes are a general consequence of the neoliberal reconstruction of Western economies, and structural economic, political and social changes related to it