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Målaren som konstnär och allegori. Självbild, dräkt och frusen tid vid 1500-talets början
Get PDFTitle: The Painter as an Artist and Allegory. Portrait, fashion and frozen time in the early 16th centuryThroughout the Middle Ages, self-portraits were created by the artisans who constructed and decorated churches and secular buildings. In the late 15th century, however, severe changes can be noticed in the way they decided to present themselves. The changes indicate the changing role of the artisans as renaissance artists with increasing self confidence in every aspect of life. Garments had an important function in creating this image. These changes can be noticed in a number of self-portraits by northern European painters around 1500. For Albrecht Dürer, for example, clothing played an important role in creating the image of an artist rather than a painter, then simply regarded as artisans. Similar examples can be seen all over northern Europe at this time. One of them depicts Andreas Martini, a Swedish painter working in the 1520s, who portrayed himself in Valö, painting St Luke assisted by his journeyman. The self-portraits shown here are not simply portraits. They have wider significance with aspects of individualism, frozen time and allegory. These aspects are almost imperceptible but stand out in closer readings. The self-portraits discussed here can, in my opinion, be read as allegories of painting and sculpture
Name changes and visions of ”a new Jew” in the Helsinki Jewish community
No full textThis article discusses an organized name-change process that occurred in the 1930s in the Jewish community of Helsinki. Between 1933 and 1944 in approximately one fifth of the Helsinki Jewish families (c. 16 %) someone had their family name changed. We argue that the name changes served two purposes: on the one hand they made life easier in the new nation state. It was part of a broader process where tens of thousands of Finns translated and changed their Swedish names to Finnish ones. On the other hand, the changed family names offered a new kind of Jewish identity. The name-changing process of the Helsinki Jews opens a window onto the study of nationalism, antisemitism, identity politics and visions of a Jewish future from the Finnish perspective
Animal Law – A Global Phenomenon
Get PDFAnimals have always fascinated humans, and our relationship with them has evolved in unexpected ways as we have become more aware of the many extraordinary ways in which we are alike. How we treat animals under the law has likewise evolved, with ever more protections available, particularly for those with whom we share our homes. Yet, we remain troubled by the injustice that still exists for so many of our animal brethren, and a growing number of activists, attorneys, policymakers, students, philosophers, and others have chosen to dedicate their lives to righting the many wrongs levied against them
Language choice, language alternation and code-switching in the Mercator-Hondius Atlas
No full textThe atlas of Gerardus Mercator (Gerard de Cremer), or the Atlas sive cosmographicae meditationes de fabrica mundi et fabricati figura, is one of first modern atlases and one of the most famous of those compiled in the Netherlands. The first (unfinished) edition was published in 1595, but the copperplates were later acquired by Jodocus Hondius (Joost de Hondt) and his business associates. The revised Mercator-Hondius Atlas was published for the first time in 1606 with added maps and texts. The texts printed on verso of the maps were written by Petrus Montanus (Pieter van den Berg), who was a brother-in-law of Hondius and a Latin teacher. Many subsequent editions of the atlas were produced in the years that followed. The first editions were in Latin, but versions in European vernaculars such as French, German and Italian were produced later as well. The present article focuses on the multilingual nature of the Mercator-Hondius Atlas (1613, editio quarta) by discussing language choice, language alternation and code-switching patterns in different parts of the atlas. The dominant language of the descriptive texts is Latin, but there are also switches into many other languages, including Greek (written in Greek script) and several vernaculars. Furthermore, the map pages tend to indicate the names of different types of area (e.g. cities, seas, and oceans) in different languages. The aim of the present article is to provide a preliminary exploration of the possibilities of approaching the atlas with the aid of concepts and ideas derived from modern code-switching studies. I demonstrate how these concepts can be used to describe the language choice patterns in the text and discuss some of the challenges the data poses for a linguistic approach
Det 25. Nordiska Ikonografiska Symposiet
Get PDFRapport från det 25. nordiska ikonografiska symposiet som avhölls i Visby på Gotland den 25–28 augusti 2016. Temat för symposiet var ”Materialitet och mobilitet”. Innehåller en lista med föredrag och föredragshållare. De nordiska ikonografiska symposierna arrangeras sedan 1968 vartannat år i de nordiska länderna enligt ett rullande schema
Splittringen mellan polska judiska och icke-judiska överlevande från koncentrationsläger. Det svenska samhällets reaktioner våren och sommaren 1945
No full textNär ungefär 20 000 överlevande från nazisternas koncentrationsläger togs emot i Sverige under våren och sommaren 1945 visste flyktingpersonalen och beslutfattarna bland svenska myndigheter mycket litet om deras bakgrund, kultur och etnicitet. I början dominerade inställningen att antagonismen mellan judar och icke-judar från Polen var en religiös eller etnisk ömsesidig motsättning. Efter ett par månader mognade insikten om splittringen i två separata polska identiteter, samtidigt som antisemitismen hos icke-judiska polacker började nämnas vid sitt rätta namn. En liberalare samhällssyn, flyktingpersonalens personliga erfarenheter samt internationella faktorer samverkade till en bättre förståelse för flyktingarnas situation och för deras behov av att bygga upp ett nytt liv i Sverige där många så småningom rehabiliterades.* * *The division between Polish Jewish and non-Jewish concentration camp survivors: reactions from the Swedish society during the spring and summer of 1945 • As approximately 20,000 survivors from the Nazi concentration camps where received in Sweden during the spring and summer of 1945, the refugee workers and decision makers knew very little about their background, culture and ethnicity. Initially, the general opinion held that the antagonism between Jews and non-Jews from Poland was a mutual religious and cultural conflict and only a few observed the harsh verbal antisemitism that was common among non-Jewish Polish refugees. Over the coming months, an awareness of two separate Polish identities developed and the prevalent antisemitism was recognised for what it was. All persons, who lived within the borders of Poland before the war, were initially classified as Poles but gradually a classification according to religious and ethnic belonging developed. After a few months, the government and authorities realised that it was impossible to demand that all refugees return to their country of origin. A study of the archives of state authorities and aid agencies in Sweden reveals how an increasingly liberal view of society, the personal experiences of the aid workers as well as international circumstances contributed to a deeper understanding of the situation of the refugees and their needs to build a new life in Sweden, where many of them eventually where rehabilitated
Historic development in immigrant novels: the Jewish conflict in Anzia Yezierska's bread givers and Herman Wouk's Majorie Morningstar
No full textThe two novels of this paper, Anzia Yezierska’s Bread Givers and Herman Wouk´s Marjorie Morningstar, represent sequent generations in American Jewish immigrant literature. Bread Givers (1925) is partly an autobiographical novel, the story of an American Jewish immigrant girl in conflict with her traditional role as the servile daughter of a demanding father and the growing impact of American society. Marjorie Morningstar (1955) treats basically the same theme, the clash between tradition and transition, although from the point of view of second generation immigrants. The basic fears of assimilation and loss of identity in the Jewish sense are still there. Both novels also focus on the role of women and particularly the changing role of Jewish women
Toratexter och targumtolkningar. Några tankar kring Roger Syréns avhandling "The blessings in the Targums"
No full textA comment on Roger Syrén's (1986) doctoral dissertation The Blessings in the targums. A study on the targumic interpretations of Genesis 49 and Deuteronomy 33
Main trends in modern Josephus research
No full textJosephus was a Jewish historian during the 1st century in the Roman Empire. In the Christian church, Josephus received recognition as a crypto-Christian Nicodemus character, a kind of Jewish church father similar to Philo, or a kind of fifth evangelist. In late antiquity and the Middle Ages of Europe he was respected and esteemed as a great author and historian. For example, a man like Hieronymus would describe him as the Jewish Livius. During this period, admiration of him was nearly uncritical, and the work of scholars consisted primarily in carrying on the tradition by constantly creating new editions and translations. The first slight signs of critical attitude appeared at the end of the Middle Ages, when one gradually began to take note of and comment on Josephus’ deviations from the text of the Old Testament in his rendering of biblical history
Book reviews
No full textLivet tillbaka (Hédi Fried, 1995) is reviewed by Ulrika Lindblad.Leva vidare (Susanne Levin, 1994) is reviewed by Siv Illman.Life is like a glass of tea. Studies of classic Jewish jokes (Richard Raskin, 1992) is reviewed by Margit Frank.Lebenserinnerungen, Textfassung und Kommentar von Bettina Simon, herausgegeben von Marie und Heinrich Simon (Aaron Isaak, 1994) is reviewed by Theodor Katz.Was blieb... Jüdische Spuren in Mecklenburg (Jürgen Borchert & Detlef Klose, 1994) is reviewed by Theodor Katz.Untagelsen. En krønike om jøderne i Norden frem til 2. verdenskrig (Paul Hammerich, 1992) is reviewed by Peter S. Paludan.