Åbo Akademi: Open Journal Systems
Not a member yet
892 research outputs found
Sort by
Merkavahmystikken mellem tradition og innovation
No full textThe aim of this article is to show how early Jewish mystics made a new interpretation of the tradition, i.e. the theology of their time and by doing so, they went far off their orthodox tradition. For many years the questions of when and from where did the Merkavah mysticism develop have been a subject of discussion among researchers in Rabbinic Judaism. In the main section of the article I focus on two of the so-called makroforms, i.e. longer rather homogenous passages of texts, which are Hekhalot Zutarti and Ma’aseh Merkavah. In those texts we find a lot of magical statements and if we compare this to the traditional view of God at that time (about 200–600 C.E.), we can hardly deny that at least some of the mystics moved behind the limit of orthodoxy, or should we say, the theology of tradition. But that does not necessarily force us to give up the view that at least some of the mystics could have belonged to rabbinic circles – this is still an open question
Scenjuden Shylock och hans arvingar
No full textThe author gives a short comment on the image of the Jew as presented in plays in the 16th century. One of the most known Jewish characters is Shylock in Shakespeare’s play The Merchant of Venice
Representing the unrepresentable: Victor Klemperer's Holocaust diaries
No full textThe purpose of this article is to explore how memory is constructed in Victor Klemperer’s diaries. In the diaries, Klemperer describes his fate as well as the fate of other Jews who did not emigrate during the years 1933–1945. The concrete details of everyday life in the Third Reich only serve to highlight the plight of the besieged poet writing at the end of the days, not knowing whether he will complete his masterpiece or whether he will be executed beforehand. In Klemperer’s diaries normality and horror are continually juxtaposed with one another. The holocaust is thus transformed from a small repertoire of horrifying narratives to a seemingly countless number of actions and movements, some conforming to the principal narratives and others, curiously enough, defying the well known narratives of Auschwitz and extermination. These narratives constitute important source material describing the mentality of the Jewish identity in Germany
Animal Welfare Law in the World: Evolution and Globalization
Get PDFSummary of Sabine Brels's recent dissertation Le droit du bien-être animal dans le monde : évolution et universalisation
Editor's Foreword
No full textPresently Animal Law as a new branch of law is in an intense progress. The focus on animals and the endeavor to withdraw from the anthropocentric view makes the subject to something unique and unparalleled. The GJAL is participating in the development by publishing analyses both from a theoretical and practical point of view.Our fundamental understanding of animals as legal entities is changing. Inter alia, it is no longer given that animals are, or should be, recognized in legal terms as 'objects' or 'things'. This change is also noticeable in the articles in the current issue of the Global Journal of Animal Law (GJAL). Aleksandra Lis and Tomasz Pietrzykowski analyzes in the peer reviewed article Animals as Objects of Ritual Slaughter: Polish Law after the Battle over Exceptionalness Mandatory Stunning the statutory rules and demands in the Polish Constitution, the Polish Animal Protection Act and the EU Regulation 1099/2009, with the interpretation made by the Constitutional Tribunal in Poland concerning stunning before slaughter in relation to the freedom to exercise religious beliefs. The effects of the ruling, as explained by the Constitutional Tribunal, include the legality of ritual slaughter irrespective of the purpose and the final destination of the meat produced by this method. The authors underline that this does not only mean that ritual slaughter is an exemption from the mandatory stunning in Polish law, but it actually means slaughter performed by commercial companies to deliver kosher and halal meat abroad, which consequence goes far beyond the scope of the constitutional complaint advanced by the claimants. The authors argue that the judgment is based on a conception of sentient animals as objects (of religious rituals) without consideration of their subjective interests.In the peer reviewed article Puppy Farming and the Constitutionality of Breeder Regulation in Hong Kong, Eric KH Wong presents and analyzes comprehensively the legislation of puppy farming in Hong Kong. The author underlines that the law does not distinguish between the rightist position and the welfarist position, because they both aim to promote the rights and interests of animals. The problem, claimed by the author, is that animal welfare (the rights and interests of animals) is currently subsumed under a public health regulation. The topic highlight the tension between animal welfare and constitutional rights, touched on the property status of animals. The author argues that a number cap imposed through a properly drafted regulation should be constitutional. Additionally, animal welfare can validly justify restriction on property rights. The main question is the weighing of animal welfare against private ownership, when the former is neither regulated nor hindered by the Constitution. The author argues that both regulation and abolition of commercial breeding can be constitutional.The current issue contains also a short book review by Tara C. Zuardo, a Wildlife Attorney at the Animal Welfare Institute in Washington D.C.: What Can Animal Law Learn From Environmental Law. The book is edited by Professor Randall S. Abate and published in September 2015 by the Environmental Law Institute.The next issue of GJAL will be published in June 2016 and the dead-line for submissions is 31 March 2016.On behalf of the Advisory Board of GJAL:Season's Greetings with all good wishes for the New Year! Anna Birgitta WahlbergEditor-In-Chie
The Global Animal Law Project
Get PDFThe Global Animal Law Project (GAL) is a newly formed non-governmental organization (NGO) whose objective is to "help reduce animal suffering and create a friendlier world for humans and animals alike" and further described "in short, the goal and aim of the GAL Project is to help and create a new framework for the global discussion on animals in law.
The Legal Status of Animals in the French Civil Code
Get PDFThe recognition by the French Civil Code that animals are living and sentient beings: symbolic move, evolution or revolution?France does not have a specific law on animal protection like Switzerland for example. Under French law, rules relating to ''animals'' are scattered in several codes as well as in many other texts (decrees, ordinances circulars). The principal French Codes – out of a total of more than 60 codes – are the Civil Code which deals with civil matters; the Penal Code which deals with criminal matters; the Rural and Marine Fishing Code which mainly deals with the management of land and fishing, public health matters and use of animals; and the Environmental Code which, among others, deals with hunting. In short, it is a real patchwork of provisions that do not constitute a comprehensive and consistent legal framework
"Ett prydligt monument på en grav". Anton Fridrichsen, Fyrahanda sädesåker och den judisk-kristna dialogen
No full textAnton Fridrichsen is one of the most famous Swedish New Testament scholars of the 20th century. He was professor of New Testament studies at the University of Uppsala for almost twenty-five years until his death in 1953. Fridrichsen’s thinking has still a great influence on biblical scholars and ministers of religion, who often read his works in preparation for their sermons. Fridrichsen had a great interest in the Jewishness of Jesus and the Jews at large. He describes them however mostly in a negative way. Fridrichsen frequently makes the Jews responsible for the death of Jesus. The old covenant with the people of Israel has been exchanged with a new, and the people of God have been replaced with a new people, the church. A comparison with documents from the post-war Jewish-Christian dialogue shows that Fridrichsen contributes to much of what is now considered stumbling-stones in promoting a better understanding between Christians and Jews
Actions against the Jews in Norway during the war
No full textThe deportations of Jews from Norway in 1942 and 1943 represent the climax of a series of actions by both the Germans and Nasjonal Samling, a political Nazi party founded in 1933, beginning in the summer of 1941 and appearing more clearly as a part of consistent anti-Jewish policy from the outset of 1942. More sporadic actions had, however, already occurred from the very first days of the German occupation. They began in the middle of May 1940 when the Norwegian police, on order from the German police, confiscated radios belonging to the Jews. The German police also commanded the local Norwegian police to prepare lists of members in the Jewish communities in Oslo and Trondheim. The NS sought to boom the resolution of March 1942 by the Quisling government. It was a resolution which restored the prohibition of paragraph 2 in the Constitution of 1814 barring admission of Jews into the country.