IR@IIIM - Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine (CSIR)
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Augmentation and proliferation of T lymphocytes and Th-1 cytokines by Withania somnifera in stressed mice
No full textStress has been associated with reports of both greater severity and prolongation of diseases in patients with the infectious origin as well as other immune-mediated diseases. Withania somnifera, an Indian medicinal plant used widely in the treatment of many clinical conditions in India, was investigated for its anti-stress properties using BALB/c mice subjected to chronic stress. The study
aimed to investigate chronic stress-induced alterations on Th1 lymphocyte subset distribution and corresponding cytokine secretion patterns. Oral administration of chemically standardized and identified aqueous fraction of W. somnifera root (WS) at the graded doses of 25, 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg p.o. caused significant increase in the stress-induced depleted T-cell population and increased
the expression of Th1 cytokines in chronically stressed mice
Domino synthesis of indenols and alkyl-indene ethers under modified Vilsmeier conditions
No full textIndenols are produced in high yields through domino reactions, when electron-rich trans-stilbenes and other trans aryl–alkyl olefins were subjected to Vilsmeier formylation in the presence of excess POCl3 in a one-pot procedure. The method is even suitable for converting aryl–alkyl carbinols (precursors for olefins) directly into indenols. The corresponding indene ethers could be
prepared in high yields directly when less reactive a,b-unsaturated aldehydes were subjected to cyclization in alcoholic HCl
Screening and optimization of Andrographis paniculata (Burm.f.) Nees for total andrographolide content, yield and its components
No full textAndrographis paniculata (Burm.f.) Nees (Acanthaceae), commonly known as Kalmegh is used both in Ayurvedic and Unani system of medicines for a number of ailments related to digestion, hepatoprotection, hypoglycemic, and as anti-bacterial, analgesic, anti-inflammatory, vermicidal and antiacene. Ten accessions of A. paniculata from different sources were screened to assess the yield and its components besides andrographolides on three harvesting dates viz. 70, 100, 130 days after plantation corresponding to calendar months of September, October and November. The results revealed its successful growth in the subtropical region of Jammu, with last week of October ideal for obtaining maximum dry herbage (931.3 kg/ha) and total andrographolide yield (61.83 kg/ha), respectively. On the basis of leaf/stem ratio the relative estimates of total
andrographolide is higher in October (46%) than September (15%) or November (39%). Accession Acc.1 and Acc.9 have been identified as the best sources for obtaining higher drug yield
Evaluation ofAsparagus racemosuson the Basis of Immunomodulating Sarsasapogenin Glycosides by HPTLC
No full textThe manuscript describes a HPTLC procedure for resolution of constituents,identification and quantification of selected sarsasapogenin glycosides in Asparagus racemosus plant extracts. Shatavarin-IV and immunoside, new sarsasapogenin glycosides were employed as external standards. The analytical procedure will prove handy for identification and quality control of the Rasayana drug on the basis of immunomodulating sarsasapogenin glycoside content
Terminalia chebula(fruit) prevents liver toxicity caused by sub-chronic administration of rifampicin, isoniazid and pyrazinamide in combination
No full textTerminalia chebula Gertn. (Combetraceae) is an important herbal drug in Ayurvedic pharmacopea. In the present study, a 95% ethanolic extract of T. chebula (fruit) (TC extract), which was chemically characterized on the basis of chebuloside II as a marker, was investigated for hepatoprotective activity against anti-tuberculosis (anti-TB) drug-induced toxicity. TC extract was found to prevent the hepatotoxicity caused by the administration of rifampicin (RIF), isoniazid (INH) and pyrazinamide (PZA) (in combination) in a sub-chronic mode (12 weeks). The hepatoprotective effect of TC extract could be attributed to its prominent anti-oxidative and membrane stabilizing activities. The changes in biochemical observations were supported by histological profile
Synthesis and bronchodilator activity of new quinazolin derivative
No full textTaking lead from a naturally occurring quinazolin vasicine, a number of compounds were developed and evaluated for bronchodilator and anti-allergic activities. One of these compounds was 2,4-diethoxy-6,7,8,9,10,12 hexahydroazepino[2,1-b]quinazolin-12-one, hereinafter named
95-4, exhibited marked bronchodilator activity evaluated on contracted trachea or constricted tracheo-bronchial tree. On intestinal smooth muscle too it showed relaxant effect. Tracheal relaxant effect was not found to be mediated through β-adrenoceptors. Cumulative dose–response study
with acetylcholine and histamine indicated for its non-specific direct effect on smooth muscles. 95-4 was found to be more potent than theophylline and less to that of salbutamol on dose basis. Tested by a number of experimental models, it was found devoid of anti-allergic activity. It was also found to be free from any adverse effect.95-4 due to its marked bronchial muscle relaxant effect can find use in conditions associated with spasm of bronchial muscles
A tuber lectin from Arisaema helleborifolium Schott with anti-insect activity against melon fruit fly, Bactrocera cucurbitae (Coquillett) and anti-cancer effect on human cancer cell lines
No full textAn anti-insect and anti-cancer lectin has been isolated from Arisaema helleborifolium Schott by aYnity chromatography using asialofetuin-linked amino activated silica beads. The bound A. helleborifolium lectin (AHL) was eluted with 100mM glycine–HCl buVer, pH 2.5. It gave a single band on SDS–PAGE, pH 8.3, and PAGE, pH 4.5. However, multiple bands were obtained in PAGE at pH 8.3 and isoelectric focusing. The lectin was a homotetramer having subunit molecular mass 13.4 kDa while its native molecular mass was 52 kDa. It was a glycoprotein with 3.40% carbohydrate and was stable up to 60 °C for 30 min. It showed anti-insect activity towards second instar
larvae of Bactrocera cucurbitae (Coquillett) with LC50 value of 16.4 �g/ml. Larvae fed on artiWcial diet containing sub-lethal dose of AHL showed a signiWcant decrease in acid phosphatase and alkaline phosphatase activity while esterase activity markedly increased as compared to larvae fed on diet without lectin. AHL was also found to inhibit in vitro proliferation of some well established human cancer cell lines viz HOP-62 (95%), HCT-15 (92%), HEP-2 (66%), HT-29 (68%), PC-3 (39.4%), and A-549 (20.7%)
Piperine, a Phytochemical Potentiator of Ciprofloxacin against Staphylococcus aureus
No full textPiperine, a trans-trans isomer of 1-piperoyl-piperidine, in combination with ciprofloxacin markedly reduced
the MICs and mutation prevention concentration of ciprofloxacin for Staphylococcus aureus, including methicillin-resistant S. aureus. The enhanced accumulation and decreased efflux of ethidium bromide in the wild-type
and mutant (CIPr-1) strains in the presence of piperine suggest its involvement in the inhibition of bacterial
efflux pumps
Synthesis and biological activity of amide derivatives of nimbolide
No full textNimbolide (1), a limonoid isolated from Azadirachta indica, is the chief cytotoxic principle in Neem leaves extract. Using nimbolide as a lead compound for anti-cancer analogue design, a series of nimbolide derivatives have been synthesized and evaluated for in vitro cytotoxic activity against a panel of human cancer cell lines. Out of 10 compounds screened 2g, 2h and 2i showed potent activity
Production of volatile terpenes by proliferating shoots and micropropagated plants ofSantolina chamaecyparissus L. (cotton lavender)
No full textThe biosynthetic capacity of in vitro proliferating shoots and regenerated callus clones has been evaluated for essential oil production. On evaluation it was found that the essential oil isolated from foliage of proliferating shoots and regenerated plantlets was a complex mixture with 49 components, 25 of which were identified, corresponding to 80% of the total oil content. The analysis of the identified constituents included monoterpene hydrocarbon (43%), oxygenated monoterpene (31%), sesquiterpene hydrocarbons (7.4%) and oxygenated sesquiterpenes (4.0%). The major constituents were myrcene, limonene, (E)-linalool, (Z)-β-ocimene and β-caryophyllene oxide