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2024-04-10 Flowers in the Concrete: How Washington’s Biggest Catastrophe is Sprouting New Roots
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Empowering our Community
No full texthttps://scholarworks.seattleu.edu/lightning-apr2024/1002/thumbnail.jp
Undernutrition Effects Across the Lifespan: Starving the Nervous System
No full textThe impact of undernutrition spans across the lifespan, from prenatal development to geriatric years. While the current research literature and public knowledge of undernutrition vastly support the obvious physical and mortal consequences of undernutrition, there are more subtle impacts that influence neurotransmitters, behavior, astrocytes, brain volume, and more – with effects that range across the lifespan. To what extent do these neurological changes occur, and what is their mechanism of action in various developmental stages? This literature review seeks to better understand these questions by synthesizing primary literature on rodent models. Prenatal protein malnutrition presents significant risks, with rodent models showing altered neurotransmitter spatial arrangements, increased lipid peroxidation, and resulting behavioral abnormalities. Caloric restriction in developed countries, as seen in anorexia nervosa, leads to brain atrophy and astrocyte loss, with refeeding largely restoring volume. Transcranial direct current stimulation is a promising neuromodulation therapy for treatment-resistant cases. Geriatric undernutrition exacerbates neurodegeneration, with protein and micronutrient deficiencies contributing to cortical volume loss and inflammatory responses. Mandated fortification and tailored dietary interventions offer potential solutions. Why are the neurological mechanisms of mental health well worth taking a deeper dive into? It can help us understand how exactly dementia surfaces with inadequate dietary intake, why patients with anorexia nervosa display rigidity with eating preferences, and how attention deficits arise. Inadequate mental health not only dampens quality of life, but also interrelates with physical health to impact overall well-being. Overall, undernutrition poses a pervasive threat to neurological health, necessitating interdisciplinary efforts to address it comprehensively.
Keywords: Neurology, Nutrition, Developmen
Syntheses and Reactivity of Polymethylated Ferrocenes: Electrophilic Addition to Heptamethylferrocene
No full textA series of five ferrocene derivatives with three, four, five, six, and seven methyl group substituents has been prepared and characterized by multinuclear NMR and elemental analyses. Starting with 1,1\u27-dimethylferrocene, Vilsmeier-Haack formylation followed by borohydride hydrogenation of the resultant aldehyde yielded trimethylferrocene in good yield. Repetition of these reactions produced tetramethylferrocene, pentamethylferrocene, hexamethylferrocene, and the first reported synthesis of heptamethylferrocene. All five polymethylated ferrocenes exist as a mixture of constitutional isomers. Chemical oxidation of heptamethylferrocene (Me7Fc) with silver tetrafluoroborate produced paramagnetic [Me7Fc]BF4. The structure of one isomer of [Me7Fc]BF4 was determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Electrochemical studies of the entire series from ferrocene to decamethylferrocene reveal a highly linear shift of the redox potential (E1/2) for FeIII/FeII such that each additional methyl group lowers E1/2 by an average of 56 mV due to its inductive effect. Spectrophotometric studies of the series determined that the addition of each methyl substituent brings about a hypsochromic shift for the d-d transition, with the ÔŨmax for Me10Fc at approximately 420 nm, and that of unsubstituted ferrocene at 440 nm. A new triple-decker complex has been synthesized by the addition of a ruthenium electrophile, [Cp*Ru]PF6, (Cp* = C5Me5), to Me7Fc. This novel ruthenium-iron bimetallic, [Cp*RuMe7Fc]PF6, was produced in good yield and characterized by NMR and elemental analysis. While previous work established that reactions between electrophilic metal fragments and ferrocene derivatives with eight or more methyl group substituents readily form bimetallic complexes, reactions with ferrocene derivatives with six or fewer methyl groups brought about ring abstraction and afforded only monometallic products. Thus, it may be concluded that there is a “tipping point” in the series of polymethylated ferrocenes such that the electron-donating ability of seven methyl groups is just sufficient to stabilize a ruthenium-iron triple-decker complex, while ferrocene derivatives with six or fewer methyl groups are insufficiently robust to afford stable electrophilic addition products.
Keywords: Chemistr
Implementing Team-Based and Virtual Nursing Models to Improve Achievement of Quadruple Aims
Get PDFBackground: The COVID-19 pandemic increased the utilization of virtual care delivery. Virtual care modalities create accessible communication chains, promote team collaboration, and access to evidence-based resources. The virtual care model can also enhance care delivery and patient outcomes and reduce hospital-acquired conditions. The purpose of this study was to compare patient outcomes for care as usual (RN/CNA model) with a care model where virtual nurses are added to the care team on an acute care unit.
Methods: This quality improvement project utilized pre- and post-intervention analysis of inpatient falls and expected and observed length of hospital stay data collected from Press Ganey. The proposed intervention revises the current nursing care model to a team-based and virtual nursing model that includes bedside nurses, virtual nurses, nursing assistants, and nurse technicians. The existing model uses a ratio of 1 registered nurse to 4 patients and one nursing assistant per 12 patients. The proposed care mode pairs one nurse and one nursing assistant with six patients. In addition, two virtual nurses are assigned to 12 to 15 patients during the day and up to 30 patients at night. The virtual nurses work 12 hours to promote team collaboration with the 12-hour shift hospital-based staff.
Results: An independent t-test indicated that there is no statistically significant difference between observed and expected length of stay between care as usual and the addition of a virtual nurse to the team-based model. A run chart was conducted to determine whether patient fall rates changed during pre- and post-intervention. The analysis indicated that there is no difference in patient fall rates.
Conclusion: The integration of technology plays an essential role in improving care outcomes and organizational performance. This study shows that there was no significant difference in inpatient falls observed and expected length of stay. Since virtual nursing is a new care model, longitudinal studies are needed to follow up on the results and nurse satisfaction
The Integration of a Telehealth Service for College Students: A Program Evaluation
Get PDFBackground: Telehealth is often seen as a viable option to supplement the increasing demand for healthcare provider access. As in-person health centers and clinics are burdened with the increase in patient load, a healthcare paradigm is beginning to unfold as more people begin to access virtual healthcare services. Local Problem: This program evaluation project sought to measure college students’ satisfaction and confidence levels with a newly implemented medical and psychiatric telehealth service offered at a mid-sized private university. Methods: A survey method was used to collect non-identifiable aggregate demographic information and to determine barriers to enrollment to the telehealth program. This information was used as a comparison model to telehealth enrollment data for the project intervention. Intervention: A survey was created that compared student perceptions of telehealth overall and this university-offered telehealth service. Results: Consistent with the current literature, the results of the survey showed a lower use among historically underrepresented communities. Conclusion: A more targeted marketing effort is requested to extensively evaluate the increase in enrollment the new program