Sustinere: Journal of Environment and Sustainability
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Electrical power monitoring system for solar power plants based on the Internet of Things
No full textThe objectives of this research are: first, to develop an electrical power monitoring system for solar power plants based on the Internet of Things; second, to evaluate the performance of this tool; and third, to assess the contribution of this tool to support the achievement of the SDGs. The development method involves three stages: analysis, design, and development. The development process was carried out at the off grid solar power lant house in Magelang, Indonesia. The measuring instruments used for testing included a multimeter and an ammeter. Testing adhered to International Electrotechnical (IEC) standards. The analysis technique employed was quantitative descriptive analysis, involving the calculation of averages and percentages. The results are as follows. First, the Internet of Things-based electrical power monitoring system for solar power plants consists of several components, including the PZEM 004T sensor, NodeMCU Wi-fi module, adapter, and I2C Liquid Crystal Display (LCD). This system is capable of monitoring current, voltage and electrical power in real time, both locally and remotely. Second, the test results demonstrate that this tool performs well, with an average deviation of less than 5%. Specifically, the deviations for voltage, current, and power measurements are 0.49%, 2.15%, and 1.09%, respectively. Third, this tool provides significant value by enhancing the performance and sustainability of solar energy systems, thereby contributing significantly to global efforts in achieving Sustainable Development Goals
The role of developing countries in the global fashion industry sustainability discourse: Ghana in perspective - A narrative review
No full textFashion Industry practices globally are considered to have major negative impacts on both the environment and society. Production and consumption have increasingly moved towards the industry’s model of take-create-dispose. As this phenomenon is observed to take center stage in more industrialized and advanced nations, developing countries including Ghana, also contribute directly or indirectly to the negative impacts. Fashion production in Ghana is predominantly centered on small to medium-scale enterprises, and their mode of operation allows for customized small runs tailored to specific end-customers, thereby providing an avenue for exploring sustainable strategies that may have a positive impact on the environment and society. This paper takes a narrative review approach to how the fashion industry in Ghana impacts sustainability and the opportunities to make positive impacts on sustainability at a global level. It demonstrates how Ghana, as a developing country, imports raw materials for both textile and apparel production from counterparts in developing and developed countries and contributes to negative environmental impacts associated with sourcing countries. However, with the emergence of sustainable strategies, local contemporary fashion designers can embrace culturally friendly sustainable models to enhance their practice toward industry sustainability.
Techno-economic needs assessment for a sustainable novel solar panel production system
No full textTechno-economic needs assessment for an automated solar panel production system is presented. Solar energy, a rapidly growing renewable energy source, has the potential to meet a significant portion of the world\u27s energy needs. Solar panels, the key component of solar energy systems, there are produced in a major industry. Automated solar panel production systems offer the potential to increase production efficiency and reduce costs. The study outlines key factors necessary for successful establishment and operation of an automated solar panel production factory, including market analysis, financial projections, operational strategies, and sustainability initiatives. The market analysis through examination global trends in the solar energy market, identifying growth trends, potential competitors, and target customer segments. The study used a five-step methodology to assess needs, identifying major requirement such as the application of high-speed and precision manufacturing equipment, investment in reliable and efficient manufacturing processes, and development of cost-effective manufacturing methods. The study’s results highlight several key economic benefits of automated solar panel production, including increased production efficiency, reduced labor costs, and improved product quality. The findings are valuable to various stakeholders, including government officials, business leaders, and community members, informing decisions regarding solar industry development and new manufacturing facilities in specific regions. The paper recommends the use of eco-friendly manufacturing processes, utilization of recyclable materials, and adoption of energy-efficient automated technologies to minimize the carbon footprint of solar panel production
Ecological risk evaluation of spent engine oil pollution using earthworm and microbial bioassays
No full textThe study aimed to assess the ecotoxicological risk associated with the indiscriminate disposal of spent engine oil on terrestrial ecosystem using earthworm and microbial assays. Soil samples were collected from a depth of 0-20 cm and subjected to standard analytical protocols for analysis. Earthworms (assessed by mortality rate) and microorganisms (evaluated for inhibitory effects) covered a wide range of short-term lethal and sub-lethal endpoints used for risk characterization, analyzed through Probit analysis. The result of acute toxicity assay revealed that microbial absorbance rated depended on the dose and type of organism, ranking in the order: Acinetobacter > Enterobacter > Bacillus species >Pseudomonas. Aas oil concentratoin increase, mortality among earthworm was observed. Risk Quotient (RQ) values for Zea mays, Vigna unguiculata, Glycine max and earthworm varied from low to very high risk based on estimated Predicted No Effect Concentration (PNEC) values. Microorganisms exhibited differing level of biotolerance to spent engine oil exposure as indicated by respective risk quotient values. Exposure to spent engine oil posed minimal risk to Pseudomonas sp., Bacillus sp., and Acinetobacter sp., with RQ values below unity (< 1). Conversely, Enterobacter sp. Showed a high risk with values above unity. Earthworms play a pivotal role in agriculture due to their numerous economic benefots. Soil microorganisms are essential for maintening soil quality by performing vital processes. The antimicrobial properties of spent engine oil on soil may distort microbial activities, potentially inhibiting their growth and leading to alterations in ecological functionality of the soil.
Determinants of spatial distribution of trees outside forests along urban-rural gradients: A review
No full textUrbanization can create uncertainty for biodiversity. Understanding the spatial distribution of trees along urban-rural gradients is crucial for sustainable land management and the conservation of biological diversity. However, limited information is available on the factors influencing the distribution of trees outside forests along urban-rural transition gradients. This paper uses the Preferred Reporting items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) to review how distance from urban centers, land use types, socio-economic disparities, and community attitudes and perceptions impact the spatial distribution of trees outside forests along urban-rural gradients. The review indicates that the species composition, diversity, density, and spatial arrangement of trees outside forests vary along the urban-rural gradient. The most commonly cited factors influencing this distribution are respondents\u27 attitudes and perceptions of trees, socio-economic factors, and land use variations. Distance from the urban center was the least cited factor. However, there is significant variation in how different factors impact this distribution from study to study. Therefore, further research is needed to better understand the factors driving changes in the diversity of trees outside forests in various urban-rural contexts and to determine whether variations exist across different settings
Conservation program for freshwater stingrays in the Musi River, Palembang City, South Sumatra: Stakeholders analysis and priority programs
No full textThrough the Minister of Maritime Affairs and Fisheries Decree (Kepmen KP) 01/2021, the Indonesian Government has granted full protection status for three freshwater stingray species found in the Musi River, Palembang City, South Sumatra. However, enforcement of regulations related to the full protection of these three species remains suboptimal. Therefore, the active involvement of stakeholders and implementation of practical conservation strategies are essential. This research aims to identify the interactions among stakeholders involved in managing freshwater stingrays and to develop priority conservation programs for these species in the Musi River, Palembang City, South Sumatra. The findings emphasize the key stakeholders in management of freshwater stingrays, including the Palembang City Fisheries Office, Fisheries Extension Officers in Palembang City, under the Research Institute for Fisheries Research and Fisheries Extension Palembang institution (BRPPUPP), Fishery Resources Surveillance and Monitoring (PSDKP) Batam Palembang Work Area, Coastal and Marine Resources Management Agency (BPSPL) Padang Palembang Work Area, and fishermen. The proposed priority conservation programs for freshwater stingrays include public awareness campaigns to promote the importance of full protection for these species, research on the biological characteristics and habitats of freshwater stingrays, and enhanced surveillance achieving through intensive monitoring by Community Surveillance Groups (Pokmaswas) and by increasing the number of personnel and fisheries surveillance fleets. Collaborative program development among stakeholders is critical to ensure the success of the freshwater stingray conservation initiatives in the Musi River
Materials characterization for Refuse Derived Fuel (RDF) production as renewable energy resources
No full textThis study offers a comprehensive analysis of key parameters—volatile matter, carbon content, ash content, and gross energy—across various material samples intended for Refused Derived Fuel (RDF) briquette production. Through meticulous examination, promising trends emerge, highlighting optimal material combinations for efficient combustion and heat generation. Samples rich in volatile matter and carbon content, notably those incorporating wood powder, demonstrate elevated calorific values, indicating their potential for effective energy production. Conversely, material combinations with low ash content suggest cleaner combustion and reduced environmental impact. The gross energy analysis further validates the substantial heat generation potential of specific sample combinations, rendering them suitable for diverse heating applications. These findings emphasize the critical role of precise raw material selection and meticulous manufacturing process optimization in producing RDF briquettes with desirable properties. Such briquettes not only offer economic viability but also contribute to environmental sustainability by providing an alternative fuel source with reduced emissions. This research underscores the importance of continued exploration and refinement in the development of RDF briquettes, aiming to meet growing energy demands while mitigating environmental concerns
Utilization of durian peels (Durio zibethinus) and lubricant treatment sludge as raw materials of Refuse-Derived Fuel
No full textFossil energy is among the most widely utilized energy sources in Indonesian industry, but its continuous use is leading to its depleted. Refuse-derived fuel (RDF) offers an alternative made from organic and inorganic waste. Durian peel is identified as a promising raw material for RDF due to its high calorific value of 6,274 Kcal/kg. Additionally, Lubricant Treatment Sludge (LTS), which is collected from the oil treatment industry, is used to enhance RDF’s calorific value, as it contains residual oil rich in hydrocarbons. To bind the RDF components, tapioca starch, durian seeds, and rejected papaya were selected as adhesives. The mixture ratios of durian skin, LTS, and adhesive were tested at compositions (90:0:10), (85:5:10), (80:10:10), (75:15:10), and (70:20:10). Subsequent RDF characteristics analyses included tests for moisture content, ash content, volatile matter, fixed carbon, and calorific value. Based on these evaluations, the most optimal composition was determined to be 90% durian peel, 0% LTS, and 10% tapioca starch adhesive. This composition exhibited a moisture content of 1.6%, volatile matter of 74.6%, ash content of 8.4%, fixed carbon of 15.2%, and a calorific value of 3,516 Kcal/kg. Tapioca starch emerged as preferred adhesive due to its favorable properties and characteristics
Slot-die coating method in organic solar panel and evaluation in polluted air
No full textRenewable energy sources and pollution have a direct effect on each other. Solar panels development could enhance the adoption of green energy sources and contribute to a cleaner environment. Today\u27s third generation organic photovoltaic panels (OPVs) offer good efficiency, low fabrication costs, and can be produces rapidly using slot-die coating methods. These advantages make OPVs increasingly attractive for broadening solar energy consumption. Therefore, related studies are being conducted to achieve this goal. This study aimed to evaluate real-world performance of OPVs in polluted air by testing a fully slot-die-coating OPV module in Tehran’s polluted environment, specifically at four air quality control stations. The results showed a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 6.3% under standard test condition (STC) and maximum power output of 0.189 W in 5×6 cm module, which include ITO/PET, PEI, P3HT-PCBM, PEDOT-PSS, and AGNW layers. Testing in polluted environment revealed a significant dicrease in current and maximum power (Pmax) due to reduced sunlight reaching the module’s surface. Pmax dropped to 0.0229 W at least polluted site in Masodieh Street and to 0.0173 W at the most polluted site in Shahr-e Rey Street
Mining activities and social sustainability: Lessons from coal transport mobilization activities in Jambi Province
No full textWith significant coal resource potential, Jambi Province faces serious challenges in the mobilization of coal transportation, a crucial element in the energy industry supply chain. This research examines the complexity problems arising from coal mobilization activities in Jambi Province and their social and environmental impacts. The research employs a qualitative method, utilizing documentation from online news sources and official government documents, including regional regulations. Data analysis is conducted using Nvivo 12 Plus. The findings reveal mismatch between licensing and regulations, leading to severe traffic disruptions. The sustainability of mining activities is faces significant challenges that require holistic solutions. Strategic policy recommendations include thorough audits of industry regulations, strengthening law enforcement, and promoting economic diversification. Other solutions involve more efficient traffic management, such as constructing dedicated lanes to alleviate pressure on general traffic. This research also highlights the importance of open and inclusive dialogue among all relevant stakeholders, with the government playing a key mediating role. Achieving balanced economic, social, and environmental sustainability in Jambi Province requires cross-sector collaboration and the active participation from all stakeholders