Sustinere: Journal of Environment and Sustainability
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Comparative analysis of water quality models for the Cibarani Irrigation Channel using WASP and QUAL2Kw
No full textUrban growth poses significant challenges to environmental quality, particularly through water pollution in river systems. This study investigates the water quality of the Cibarani Irrigation Channel, part of the Cikapundung River system in Bandung City, which is polluted by domestic wastewater and runoff. Rapid population growth and subsequent urban expansion have significantly deteriorated the water quality, affecting local communities that rely on the channel for fish farming and washing. Field tests showed that water quality failed to meet Class II standards, particularly for Dissolved Oxygen (DO), Ammonia (NH3), and Total Phosphorus (TP), as specified in Indonesian Government Regulation No. 22 of 2021. These findings emphasize the necessity for tools that can effectively support the development of pollution management strategies. This study compares the effectiveness of two water quality modeling tools, QUAL2Kw and WASP, in simulating water quality dynamics. The QUAL2Kw model demonstrated higher accuracy in predicting DO and NH3 concentrations, making it a more reliable tool for pollution control. Continuous model calibration is necessary to improve water resource management and mitigate pollution risks. The findings advocate for using QUAL2Kw in water pollution control strategies, highlighting its precision and its role in supporting sustainable environmental management policies
Mitigating sea-level rise in Indonesia: A policy approach through social protection and sustainable water governance
No full textSea-level rise constitutes a pressing challenge for Indonesia, a nation acutely vulnerable due to its archipelagic geography. This article employs a normative legal research method to critically examine Indonesia’s legal and policy framework for addressing these impacts, with a particular attention to the intersection of social protection and sustainable water governance. The study analyzes the coherence and implementation of key statutes, including Law No. 32 of 2009 on Environmental Protection and Management, Law No. 17 of 2019 on Water Resources, Law No. 24 of 2007 on Disaster Management, and Law No. 40 of 2004 on the National Social Security System, as well as relevant development plans and international commitments. By systematically interpreting these instruments in relation to constitutional mandates and empirical vulnerability data, the analysis reveals persistent fragmentation that undermines Indonesia’s adaptive capacity. Specifically, the findings demonstrate a disjunction between social protection and climate adaptation, alongside water governance frameworks that remain under-equipped to address slow-onset hazards such as salinity intrusion, groundwater depletion, and permanent inundation. This gap results in inadequate legal and institutional safeguards for vulnerable coastal populations, including displaced communities and informal workers. Based on these findings, the article argues for the codification of a unified Climate Resilience and Social Protection Law that integrates sustainable water governance. Such a law would embed climate justice and constitutional rights within a cohesive governance framework, ensuring a more equitable and resilient national response to the unprecedented challenges posed by sea-level rise
Shoreline change analysis and its impact on coastal communities using remote sensing and GIS in the Kedungsepur Metropolitan area
No full textShoreline mapping plays an important role in sustainable coastal management, particularly in strategic areas such as the Kedungsepur Metropolitan Area. This study aims to analyzes shoreline changes and identifies their impact on coastal communities. Shoreline extraction was conducted using remote sensing data from Landsat satellite imagery, while the analysis of shoreline changes was performed using the Digital Shoreline Analysis System (DSAS) within a Geographic Information System (GIS) environment. The results reveal that shoreline changes – both erosion and accretion – occurred across Kendal Regency, Semarang City, and Demak Regency. The most severe coastal erosion was identified in Bedono Village (Demak Regency), while the highest accretion occurred in Pidodo Kulon Village (Kendal Regency). When analyzed by watershed units, the highest accretion was found in the Bodri Watershed, one of the priority areas for revitalization. These findings highlight the need for integrated policy approaches that connect coastal and watershed management to ensure long-term sustainability
Technical stakeholders\u27 perspective of solar photovoltaic system failure in Sub-Saharan Africa: The case of Ghana
No full textIn many parts of sub-Saharan Africa, grid-connected electricity is unreliable and frequently unavailable in rural locations. Alternative electricity-generation fossil-fuel sources are prohibitive. Solar energy photovoltaic systems have great potential in bridging the energy gap in electricity off-grid locations in sub-Saharan Africa and contribute to the region’s energy portfolio at utility and/or domestic levels. Most installed PV systems in sub-Saharan Africa have often not achieved their anticipated functionality and/or fail frequently. Take-up of PV systems consequently remains low, with long pay-back times. In this study, we have investigated the barriers and challenges associated with PV system operation and probable causes of failure of installed systems within the sub-Saharan Africa region from the perspective of technical stakeholders. We undertook a broad consultation of technicians (installers), engineers, project supervisors, and other technical stakeholders via questionnaires and interviews in a typical sub-Saharan African setting, namely Ghana. Our results show that component quality, cost, availability, and customer preferences are dominant factors considered by the technical stakeholders in component selection during the planning and execution of PV projects. The survey analysis revealed that inverters and batteries are components that account for the most malfunctioning and failures in installed PV systems, while PV panels account for the least. Low product quality, user errors, natural/environmental incidents, and poor sizing/installation errors are identified as key causes of components’ failure
Circular economy in supply chain sustainability: From bibliometric analysis to conceptual model
No full textThis study aims to analyze research trends on the circular economy and supply chain sustainability using a bibliometric approach and to develop a conceptual model that can guide the implementation of circular economy practices. Data were obtained from the Scopus database and analyzed to identify publication trends, scientific contributions, and collaborations among researchers. The results show a significant increase in research related to the circular economy since 2020, especially in the manufacturing and technology sectors, with a primary focus on recycling, reuse, and remanufacturing as key elements of supply chain sustainability. The developed conceptual model emphasizes the importance of integrating technologies such as the Internet of Things (IoT), blockchain, and Big Data, alongside the Triple Bottom Line approach, that includes economic, environmental, and social aspects. Collaboration among stakeholders, governments, and consumers is also identified as an important factor in accelerating the adoption of the circular economy. This study contributes to the development of circular economy implementation strategies across various sectors and highlights future research opportunities, such as circular bioeconomy and green innovation. The proposed model is expected to serve as a guide for companies and policymakers in strengthening supply chain sustainability.
Enhancing thermal and visual comfort through sun shading and glazing: A case study of Pusgiwa building, Universitas Indonesia
No full textThis study examines the relationship between the building envelope and the indoor environment quality, with a specifical focus on visual and thermal comfort. Factors contributing to visual comfort include illuminance and light distribution, while thermal comfort is primarily influenced by air temperature. The research centers on the north façade of the Educational Building at the University of Indonesia, Pusgiwa, particularly the 4th floor classroom, to evaluate how the sun-shading system and glazing materials influence lighting and temperature conditions. By analyzing the existing design and materials, the study investigates potential interventions to enhance illuminance, daylight availability, and operative temperature within the classroom. The methodology includes calculating solar angles and simulating various sun-shading and glazing material scenarios using Rhinoceros and Grasshopper software. The results indicate that installing horizontal, multi-layered overhang shading with optimal spacing can increase daylight availability and reduce indoor air temperature. Furthermore, the use of materials with a low U-Value and Solar Heat Gain Coefficient (SHGC), such as Low-E double glazing, is recommended to further improve indoor environmental quality. These findings provide valuable insights and recommendations for enhancing visual and thermal comfort in both existing and future buildings at Pusgiwa and similar facilities
Malaria risk mapping in the Sahel Region of Nigeria: A geospatial approach
No full textMalaria remains a major public health challenge in Yobe State, Nigeria, with transmission patterns influenced by climatic, socio-economic and environmental factors. Understanding the spatial and temporal dynamics of malaria prevalence is crucial for effective intervention and policy planning. This study examined the trends, seasonality, and spatial variations in malaria prevalence across different ecological zones in Yobe State, providing insights into the impact of climate variability and other risk factors on malaria transmission. A geospatial approach was employed, utilizing malaria incidence data from Yobe State Government’s Epidemic Data Repository and health facilities across three ecological zones: the Sudan Savanna Zone (SuSZ), the Sahel Savanna Zone (SaSZ), and the Transition Zone (TZ). Temporal trends were analyzed using regression models, while spatial patterns were examined through hotspot analysis to identify high-burden areas. Findings revealed significant spatial and temporal variations in malaria prevalence. While malaria incidence showed no strong temporal trend in SaSZ (R² = 0.06) and TZ (R² = 0.04), Sudan Savanna Zone exhibited a notable increasing trend (R² = 0.77), suggesting a worsening malaria burden. Seasonal peaks in malaria cases aligned with the rainy season, emphasizing the role of climate in transmission. Spatial analysis identified persistent malaria hotspots in urban centers such as Gashua, Damaturu and Fika, where high population density and environmental factors contribute to transmission. These results underscore the need for climate-informed malaria control strategies, including enhanced surveillance, early warning systems, and targeted interventions in high-risk areas. Sustainable malaria control efforts must integrate climate predictions, improved healthcare access, and promote community engagement to prevent periodic resurgence and ensure long-term elimination goals are met
Coagulation process optimization for turbidity removal improvement at the Teluk Buyung WTP using Response Surface Methodology with Box-Behnken Design
No full text. The effective operation of the coagulation process in the water treatment plant (WTP) is essential in determining the overall performance of the subsequent process. The coagulant dose is critical in affecting coagulation performance. Due to the fluctuations in raw water quality and the infrequent use of jar tests, Teluk Buyung WTP improperly implemented the coagulant dose, which prompted this investigation. This study aimed to identify the optimum coagulant type and develop an optimization model based on the selected coagulant. The optimum coagulant type was determined in the pre-liminary study, with Polyaluminium chloride (PAC) selected as the coagulant that achieved turbidity removal up to 99.81% at a dose of 40 mg/L and a cost-effective production cost of 4.6 x 10-5 USD/liter. The optimization process was conducted by developing a coagulation process model using PAC as the selected coagulant, with critical factors affecting the process including pH, turbidity concentration, and coagulant dose. The coagulation process optimization was performed by using response surface methodology (RSM) with a Box-Behnken design (BBD). The optimal conditions of PAC in the desirability test resulted in turbidity removal of 99.94% with a PAC dose of 150 mg/L, pH of 7.14, and a residual of 0.04%. The optimization of the coagulation process yielded a quadratic model with R2 of 0.996, an R2 prediction of 0.983, and a significant lack of fit test (p = 0.28). The findings of this study can be further implemented to improve turbidity removal in the coagulation process at the Teluk Buyung WTP
Environmental impact analysis of barrel and soaking systems in ore processing by artisanal mining using a Life Cycle Assessment approach in Pelangan Village
No full textArtisanal gold mining in Pelangan Village, Sekotong District, West Lombok relies on two main ore-processing methods: the gelondong (ball-mill) and rendaman (soaking) system. While these practices support the local economy, the separate use of mercury in gelondong and cyanide in rendaman raises serious environmental concerns. This study evaluates and compares the environmental impacts of both systems using a Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) approach. Data were collected through direct observation, field interviews, and secondary sources, and analyzed with SimaPro 9.0 using the ReCiPe 2016 Midpoint (H) method. The assessment covered impact categories including global warming, human toxicity, eutrophication, and aquatic ecosystem toxicity. The results show that the gelondong system contributes the most to global warming, with total emissions of 15,140.71 kg CO₂-eq, compared to 12,989.67 kg CO₂-eq from the rendaman system. In the human toxicity category, gelondong generated 11,318.86 kg 1,4-DCB-eq, significantly higher than the 3,995.82 kg 1,4-DCB-eq produced by rendaman. These findings demonstrate that both methods present distinct environmental risks. Practical interventions such as wastewater treatment and mercury-capture technologies are essential to reduce chemical pollution and promote more sustainable artisanal mining practices
Climate Village sustainability and institutional support: A systematic review
No full textThis study presents a systematic literature review (SLR) of climate village programs, with particular attention to institutional support, community participation, and sustainability practices. Guided by the PRISMA protocol, 42 eligible articles were analyzed to map the geographical scope, journal quality, theoretical frameworks, governance arrangements, and the role of local resources. The review reveals significant heterogeneity across contexts: African studies emphasize renewable energy, Bangladesh highlights adaptation politics, Indonesia adopts a multi-sectoral approach, while small island states prioritize coastal conservation. Most studies employ qualitative and participatory methods, drawing on resilience theory, socio-ecological systems, participatory governance, and energy transition perspectives. Institutional support is found to operate through multi-level governance involving government, NGOs, communities, and private actors. However, power asymmetries often constrain long-term sustainability. Local resources and indigenous knowledge emerge as critical for resilience but require supportive legal and institutional frameworks to avoid elite capture and ensure genuine empowerment. Theoretically, this review advances the concept of Climate Villages as socio-ecological laboratories linking global climate agendas with local action. Practically, it identifies the need for contextualized interventions, stronger governance coordination, and knowledge co-production. The findings provide actionable insights for policymakers, practitioners, and researchers seeking to strengthen the design, implementation, and sustainability of Climate Village initiatives