Anglisticum - Journal of the Association for Anglo-American Studies, Macedonia
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CULTIVATED ALBANIAN MUSIC FOR FLUTE, TRENDS AND APPROACHES IN CONTEMPORARY GLOBAL INSTRUMENTAL MUSIC
Full text linkThe work "Variations on a Folk Theme" by Feim Ibrahimi, composed for flute and piano, is a representative piece of its historical context, remaining within the boundaries of Socialist Realism, Traditionalism, and Postmodernism, elements that we also find in the Rhapsody for Flute and Orchestra "Bjeshkëve të Larta (The High Peaks)" by Tish Daija. The Variations by F. Ibrahimi for flute and piano are composed of free variations, although the theme and the first two Variations give the impression of decorative variations. This departure from earlier stylistic stereotypes suggests either a postmodern style, which emphasizes individual desires, or socialist realism, which focuses on shaping the figure of the “New Man.” However, these technicalities do not contribute to the overall cohesion of the work, which succeeds in realizing the artistic figure and rationally processing the thematic material. Even in terms of harmony, the variations are free and do not adhere to the tonal structures typical of pre-20th-century variations. The Postmodernist and Minimalist elements in Rhapsody for Flute and Orchestra by Tish Daija are characterized by harmonic simplicity and the repetition of thematic materials. However, as a neoimpressionist, and on the basis of the title of the work "Bjeshkëve të Larta (The High Peaks)," there is a tendency toward harmonic tension, with chord overlays or altered chords, in bars (339-341) and (169-171), always within the narrative context of the piece. The presence of Socialist Realism in this work is noticeable in the exaltation of the Refrain theme during the passages in D minor and F minor, which somewhat surpass the boundaries typically allowed in the treatment of this theme within the Rhapsody. Additionally, this influence is evident in the simplicity of harmony and the construction of thematic material
Evaluating the Effectiveness of a One-Week English Training Program for University Employees in Iraq
Full text linkThis study evaluates the effectiveness of a one-week English language training program designed for newly employed staff at Al-Qadisiyah University, as mandated by the Iraqi Ministry of Higher Education. The program aimed to enhance the functional English skills necessary for academic and workplace communication. A structured questionnaire was distributed to 180 participants, with 90 valid responses collected and analyzed. The survey incorporated elements from Constructivist Learning Theory, Second Language Acquisition (SLA) Theory, and principles of Effective Program Design to assess learner engagement, content relevance, instructional methods, and learning outcomes. Results indicate that participants reported noticeable improvement in their English proficiency, particularly in speaking and listening, and expressed positive perceptions regarding the interactive and practical nature of the course. However, challenges such as limited training duration and insufficient time for skill-specific focus were also noted. The findings provide evidence for the program’s potential impact and offer insights for improving future language training initiatives in Iraqi higher education institutions
HETEROGENEITY IN THE UZBEK SYSTEM OF CONSONANTS IN RELATION AND THE REALITY OF THE CATEGORY OF TENSE
Full text linkThe category of tense is generally considered morphological, while consonants are regarded as units of the phonetic level, and both are considered to possess homogeneous values. However, considering the essence from the second level, that is, from the associative level, both units move beyond their inherent domain and exhibit the quality of heterogeneity, consonants, by leaving the shell of the phonetic level, also bring forth the affiliation with the tense category of the morphological level. This article presents ideas regarding solutions to these problems
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF VIRGINIA WOOLF’S ESSAYS AND THEIR APPLICATION TO MRS. DALLOWAY AND THE GREAT GATSBY
Full text linkThis essay presents a comparative analysis of Virginia Woolf’s critical essays Mr. Bennet and Mrs. Brown (1923) and Modern Fiction (1919) by examining their theoretical application to two major modernist novels of the early twentieth century: Virginia Woolf’s Mrs. Dalloway (1925) and F. Scott Fitzgerald’s The Great Gatsby (1925). The reflective essay explores how Woolf’s essays mark a decisive break from traditional Edwardian literary conventions, calling for a new artistic form that captures the inner life of characters and the fluidity of time. Through Woolf’s argument that fiction should represent consciousness rather than external reality, the essay highlights the transition from traditional narrative structures to modernist experimentation, reflecting the intellectual, social, and emotional transformations of the post–World War I era. By applying Woolf’s theoretical principles to Mrs. Dalloway, the essay illustrates how the novel’s stream-of-consciousness technique, psychological depth, and nonlinear temporality portray the complexity of human identity and memory. In parallel, Fitzgerald’s The Great Gatsby is analyzed as a complementary modernist text, which, while grounded in the American context, expresses similar concerns with time, disillusionment, and alienation. Both novels depict societies in transition, British and American, in which characters grapple with the collapse of traditional values and the search for meaning in a fragmented modern world. By connecting Woolf’s modernist vision to Fitzgerald’s portrayal of the American Dream, the research underscores how modern literature moves from tradition to contemporary sensibility, emphasizing individual perception over collective convention. The comparative perspective demonstrates that modernist fiction, whether in England or the United States, serves as a universal language that articulates human consciousness, social decay, and the persistent struggle for authenticity
A CRITICAL AND LINGUISTIC ANALYSIS OF ISMAIL KADARE’S NOVEL—THE ACCIDENT
Full text linkThe importance of language, discourse, and study in novel The Accident is great. Man becomes a language user only if he lives within his social context. Verbalization is a process through which a person becomes aware of the world and expresses this awareness in the form of language; [for him], language is not a channel or a transparent medium for content or a simple reflection of reality. Language serves numerous functions in our lives. It not only allows us to communicate information and inform each other but also has a number of other special functions. We would single out two of them: language allows us to be and do. Thus, language not only provides information but also facilitates action and identity formation
ON THE SEMANTIC DESCRIPTION OF LITERARY TERMS IN EXPLANATORY DICTIONARIES OF THE UZBEK LANGUAGE
Full text linkThe article discusses research conducted in the terminology of the field and various views on the semantic characteristics of terms. In particular, the semantic description of literary terms given in the "Explanatory Dictionary of the Uzbek Language" is discussed, and it is emphasized that the lexicographical description of literary terms and their correct presentation in dictionaries contribute to the development of the language of the field of science, the improvement of the terminological system, the improvement of the quality of education and training, and the effectiveness of scientific and practical activities
RIDDLES ARE KEY TO UNDERSTANDING NATIONAL CULTURE
Full text linkIn this article, the definitions given to riddles are given, in which the linguocultural codes that perform the basic function are discussed, and it is explained that riddles are an important stable unit that reflects the national thinking and national culture of the respective people. The stable units that serve to reveal the thinking of the nation and its uniqueness and, at the same time, embody national values are defined, and the unity of language and culture is revealed in the main linguistic and cultural codes that play a basic role in the structure of the stable units of the Uzbek language. In addition, the features of linguistic and cultural codes such as biomorphs and objects in riddles in the Uzbek language are illuminated
CLASSIFICATION OF THE APPELLATIVE LEXICON BASED ON FEMININE AND GIRLS’ NAMES ACCORDING TO LEXICAL-SEMANTIC GROUPS IN UZBEK LANGUAGE
Full text linkThis article discusses the appellative vocabulary (homonyms), which are considered the lexical basis of Uzbek female names, and their classification according to lexical-semantic groups. It also analyzes and classifies the types of lexemes that make up the appellative vocabulary that is the basis for Uzbek female names today. Feminine names are divided into 14 groups according to their lexical basis, and examples of names belonging to the groups are presented and analyzed. The main principle in this is the lexical-semantic group to which the homonymous noun belonged before it became a noun
SOCIOONOMASTIC OVERVIEW OF ANTHROPONYMS BASED ON PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
Full text linkIn the field of onomastics, socioonomastics is considered new knowledge. In this paper, we have highlighted the importance and use of proper nouns in linguistic onomastic research, mainly from an examined historical perspective. Additionally, our research incorporates proper nouns from various perspectives. Here, the social language of anthroponomic units serves to observe and learn local toponymy. This observation provides the researcher with proper noun distinctions, usually the categorization between personal nouns and place nouns. Throughout the research, we identified many unique and contradictory uses of proper nouns in social terms. In terms of time and space, socioonomastics, a new intersection of onomastics and sociolinguistics, conceptualizes the need for the presentation of new settings as a specific terminological problem. It places special emphasis on the structural analysis of various types of innovative nouns, thereby replacing outdated terms through the positioning of language. Other factors involved in this complexity include linguistic onomastics, system onomastics, grammar, pragmatics, arealonomastics, chronology, psychoonomastics, neuroonomastics, statistical onomastics, name lexicography, etc
AN EXAMINATION AND EVALUATION OF SHAKESPEARE’S STYLISTIC FIGURES THROUGH THE LENSE OF REFLECTION
Full text linkWilliam Shakespeare, the pioneer of the English literary world, is a universally famous dramatist whose creations and literary contributions became more popular in the Elizabethan period than in the Jacobean age. Shakespeare has written thirty-seven plays in his lifetime. Not only did he enrich the field of literature by using different literary figures, but he also contributed a lot to the development of the English language. His vocabulary was abundant, and through the creation, fusion, and incorporation of new terms into the English of that era, he breathed fresh vitality into the language, catalyzing its evolution and development, leading to the unmistakable designation of Shakespearean English. His plays are very vivid as far as the literary figures are concerned; there are many metaphors, many examples of imagery, and many examples of dramatic irony. Masterfully written monologues and soliloquies incorporate all these figures, but they don't end there. Our students reflect on the revealed personalities of the characters in these monologues and soliloquies. Shakespeare mastered his use of blank verse. Nevertheless, Shakespeare created unforgettable and powerful characters, interesting and attractive themes, and interesting plots. Shakespeare's plays, from his life to the present, depict the atmosphere, language, theme, characters, and construction of every age, especially incorporating modern elements. In fact, using the above features has made Shakespeare universal and appealing for all ages