Anglisticum - Journal of the Association for Anglo-American Studies, Macedonia
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PROTECTION OF MINORITIES
Full text linkEthnic minority means a group of people with different ethnic backgrounds as opposed to the majority of the population living in a state. There are national minorities in every country of the world, but not in every country they are recognized by their legal status, fundamental rights, representation in institutions, use of language and national symbols, etc. International law obliges states to "respect" the individual rights of minorities to participate effectively in public life, including matters relating to the identity of minorities at the national and local levels in the decision-making process. The Framework Convention for the Protection of National Minorities in the Council of Europe requires states to "create" the necessary conditions for such participation. The International Convention against Ethnic and Racial Discrimination requires that "equal access to public services" not be denied or denied on ethnic or racial grounds. The International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR) grants the right of every citizen to be elected without discrimination, while respecting the free expression of the will of the electorate. Various constitutions provide numerous, sometimes innovative, measures to create channels for the participation of minority groups, but often minorities have to appeal in court to gain or defend their rights. In general, the right to political participation, the right to vote and to be represented in Parliament is considered important indicators in the category of effective participation in the collective sphere, because these are categories where the specific demands of communities are in conflict with the democratic principle of majority governance.Keywords: minority, minority, minority rights and their protection, racial, religious, linguistic discrimination, Convention for the Protection of National Minorities
CLASSIFICATION OF SPEECH ACT IN COMMAND SENTENCE
Full text linkPragmalinguistics has a number of unique concepts, methods of analysis, which, in turn, created the basis for the emergence of new terms in the dictionary of Uzbek linguistics. In particular, the concept of a speech act represents a statement of the relationship of acts of mutual meaning that occur in the process of communication between people and is a phenomenon related to pragmalinguistics. Pragmatic analysis of simple sentences automatically appeals to the communicative units of language. The theory of speech act and the similarities and differences between linguistics. The paper deals with the interconnection of communication and pragmatics relations and classification of speech act in command sentence in the Uzbek language.Keywords: simple sentence, speech act classification, verdictive, excerpt, expositive, command sentence, communicative unit
LIFE OF A TEENAGER
Full text linkBeing a teenager is, in some respects, the most difficult stage of your life. This is the time in your life when you are attempting to define who you are, not only to others but also to yourself. Image, mental health, self-confidence, and a slew of other emotional issues plague us as teenagers. We live in a world where our lives are always changing. We appear to be interested in new things one minute and then dissatisfied with our existence the next. During this period of rapid development, teenagers seek to build their selves and interests. Teens go through a number of things that make them feel unimportant, and unloved. This is a normal aspect of adolescence.Keywords: life, teenager, adolescence, bullying, anxiety, depression, youngsters, escape, control, victimization
THE AMBIGUITY OF CHARACTER REPRESENTATION IN JOSEPH CONRAD’S NOVEL “LORD JIM”
Full text linkThe duration of a character's appearance isn't always as limited as the reader would like to think. Through the use of the narrative device, Lord Jim by Joseph Conrad confuses the existence of two characters, Marlow and Jim. Because Marlow is Jim's narrator, both of their roles in the narrative are unclear. Marlow and Jim are "becoming" representations of themselves as distinct characters and as a single character; they are not yet established as such. Deconstructive insights provide the reader the chance to see Marlow and Jim “becoming” throughout the narrative. This essay examines instances of Jim and Marlow's personal presence as well as the haunting of their combined complex, Jim equal to Marlow. When Jim or Marlow are under duress, Jim or Marlow will occasionally appear in the text as Jim. But it's difficult to categorize when characters desire to become complex and when they want to remain unique. In the same manner as the Lord Jim's character presence is ambiguous, this paper is unable to draw any firm conclusions on the impact of the narrative voice. Can one personality split into two or can two personas merge into one? Characters can connect with one another and meld their personal spaces in fiction. To grasp the character associations, the reader must interact with the text. When a character interacts with other personalities in the text, the interpersonal dynamic between the characters may weaken because of the numerous ways in which they show themselves that hide their true identities. Readers cannot approach the text by isolating the characters from one another in order to allow them to interact with one another's actions. In other words, rather than already "existing," the characters have a chance to "becoming." Character behavior, attitude, or action cannot be reduced to a single adjective. Lord Jim by Joseph Conrad has this appearance of cohesion amongst individuals as a central theme.Keywords: Lord Jim, the sea, good, evil, English character, loyalty, character representation, shame, disillusionment, deconstruction, moral code, and narrative
FEMALE SELF-DIRECTED OPPRESSION IN MARIA IRENE FORNES THREE PLAYS FEFU AND HER FRIENDS, SARITA AND THE MUD: A POST-FEMINIST READING
Full text linkThe study reveals women self-directed oppression in Maria Irenes’ plays Fefu and her friends, The Conduct of Life, The mud and Sarita. The purpose of this paper is to describe female characters with their self-suffering and aggression to each other. As an American playwright and dramatist, on one hand, Maria analyses feminist characters with their traditional images are portrayed as domestic characters and badly abused under male-dominated society. On the other hand, she produces another perspective or different images of women’s oppression which is internalized oppression which is explored among women. By female internalized oppression, the researcher means the major source of female oppression is other women. Women receives oppression and violence with a negative reaction and when they are going to defend their self-hood, the act becomes harsher on their characters. Keywords: women oppression, internalized oppression, Maria Irene Fornes, Fefu and her friends, The conduct of life, Sarita and The mud
MOTIF OF THE CITY OF LJUBLJANA IN SLOVENIAN (YOUTH) LITERATURE–LITERARY LJUBLJANA
Full text linkThe starting point of the article, which is an integral part of a research project, is the thesis that in modern times, especially after the accession of the Republic of Slovenia to the European Union in 2004, national languages, literature and culture have become even more important. Literary science in the 19th and 20th centuries was related to (literary) history, and at the end of the 20th and the beginning of the 21st century, geography gained more importance. Thus, one of the directions represents the connection of youth literary science with geography or an interdisciplinary connection that Juvan calls a spatial turn in literary science. The Slovene ethnic territory is multilingual and multicultural, as it united different cultures, which was reflected in Slovene youth literature in the form of literary culture. Thus, Slovene youth literature also influenced the space of Slovene literary culture, with naming after persons and literary characters. It’s about the influence of space on Slovene youth literature (e.g. the motif of Ljubljana in Slovene youth literature, mountain tales about Kekec, etc.) and vice versa, the influence of original Slovene youth literature on space (naming monuments and memorials after youth writers and/or heroes). The article focuses on the period of Slovenian youth literature, especially on youth classics (F. Prešeren, F. Levstik), contemporary classics (K. Brenk, N. Grafenauer, L. Kovačič, S. Makarovič) and contemporaries (M. Komelj, P. Svetina, A. Štefan, J. Vidmar, etc.).Keywords: city, Ljubljana, fairy tales, J. W. Goethe, picture books
IMPROVING PRODUCT AND SERVICE QUALITY THROUGH EFFECTIVE QUALITY MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS
Full text linkThe caliber of products and services is a crucial determinant for the sustained success of enterprises in an increasingly competitive marketplace. The establishment of the Quality Management System (QMS) is a crucial method for maintaining, regulating, and perpetually enhancing quality within businesses. This study seeks to examine the function of Quality Management Systems (QMS) in enhancing operational efficiency and satisfying consumer needs, while also addressing both internal and external issues that directly affect the quality of products and services. Factors such as organizational culture, human resource capabilities, technology, process management, and the influence of legislation and market demands are recognized through theoretical study and the evaluation of practical instances. The findings indicate that success in quality management relies on the incorporation of these factors into an effective and sustainable management system. The study concludes with suggestions for enhancing quality management methods and formulating strategies aimed at continual improvement
VARIABILITY OF MEDICAL TERMS AND MINIMIZING IT IN THE UZBEK LANGUAGE
Full text linkIn this article, practical recommendations are given regarding the concept of variant and the phenomena of variant, which appear in the terminology, as well as ways to eliminate them. In addition, in linguistics, the issue of variation, ways of its appearance and types are interpreted differently by experts, including three types of variation in the language, such as morphological, phonetic, and colloquial variants. In order for the works to be reliable and effective, it is thought that the phenomena of synonymy, doublet and variant should be studied in the framework of separate studies, and the boundaries between them should be separated. In this article, due to the emergence of a new concept in any field and the need to express it in the language, the emergence of variants is a natural process at the first stage of the formation of terms, and in this sense, variant terms, like doublets, are often found in field terminology, especially in medical terminology proved on the basis of concrete examples. However, the existence of variability in the terminology is not positively evaluated. Therefore, it is said that it is possible to achieve a certain result by increasing the number of studies that serve to expand the range of use of the word, without continuing the variation.Keywords: Terminology, lexicography, variants, phonetic variants, morphological variants, terminology.
SYMPHONY OF THE CITY: OLIVER TWIST AND DAVID LEAN’S FILM ADAPTATION
Full text linkThis paper compares Oliver Twist, Charles Dickens’s literary classic, and David Lean’s film adaptation, widely regarded as the best of the many adaptations of the source novel. The first part focuses on two of the novel’s relevant topics: firstly, Dickens’s depiction of London, which is not only the setting, but also a central facet of the novel, and secondly, on two of the most important characters in the book, Fagin and Sikes, both excellent examples of how Dickens excelled in portraying memorable and larger-than-life characters. The second part of the paper explores similar topics in David Lean’s cinematic adaptation. Lean also concentrates on the novel’s nightmarish urban setting, which even prompted some critics to call the film Victorian film noir. The basic underlying structural element of both the novel and the film is the principle of contrast in which, in the incessant battle between good and evil, villainous characters are punished, while the virtuous are rewarded and triumph.Keywords: metropolis, contrast, evil, Gothic, adaptation
THE PROCESS OF DEMOCRATIZATION AND ROLE OF ELITES IN ALBANIA
Full text linkDemocratic consolidation in Albania should not only be analyzed from a prospective of regime durability. The paradigms of democratization should be focusing on significant democratic contents. The main goal of this work is to investigate democratic consolidation process during last two decades. This will be conducted through a qualitative case study where the method employed, is on the realm of theory consuming. In order to achieve the purpose, this work will raise the questions of, why Albania did not reach democratic consolidation so far? What were the main challenges for further democratic consolidation? I will try to explore a few aspects of democratic consolidation in Albania, in terms of strength of democratic values represented by the ruling elites. Under this assumption, strong and reliable elite’s decision-making are important in explaining the consolidation of democracies but not sufficient to guarantee consolidation. Separated, fragmented and conflictive ruling elite may stop democratic consolidation and alter the process. In addressing these inquiries, certain paradoxes recognized in this case are unparalleled in other contexts that involve elites’ attributes to the process of consolidation. Elongated transition in Albanian has only produced an ongoing crisis and the elites seem to have constantly failing to produce a strong pathway for consolidation. Political elites have shown authoritarian tendencies into monopolization of power. This is analyzed as a main constraint of democratic consolidation in Albania. In this case can be assumed, due to vanishing allegiances of political elites to democratic values, that democratization process will be characterized by, backsliding into facade democracies or competitive authoritarianism.Keywords: Paradigms, Albania, democratic consolidation, political elites, mutual pacts, democratic values, competitive authoritarianism, backsliding of democracy