ASEAN / Asian Academic Society International Conference (AASIC) Proceeding Series
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Optimization Of Antioxidant Yield From Banana (Musa Sappientum L.) Peel Waste Through Fermentation Method
Get PDFThe activity of a phenol compounds serves as an anti-aging compound functions as an electron transfer inhibitor. In this study will be discussed about the optimization of the acquisition of antioxidants from "Musa sappientum" (Msp) peel with the Rhizopus oryzae fermentation technique using a solid state fermentation (SSF). The basis of solvent used is ethanol and methanol where methanol produces the highest antioxidant yield, which is 6.939 mg/g of banana peel at 50oC. The addition of Rhizopus oryzae mushrooms with a mass content of 0.02 grams, 0.1 grams, and 0.5 grams (Samples A, B, and C) aims to increase the content of phenol compounds in banana peels. Phenolic compounds from fermentation were analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively by using sodium carbonate (Na2CO3) and Folin-Ciocateu (FC) reagent. The results of the analysis show that there are deposits and color changes from yellow-orange to light blue. Measurement of absorbance values with UV-Vis spectrophotometry with standard gallic acid solution showed that the concentrations in samples A, B and C were 118.8 mg, 242.6 mg, and 123.4 mg, respectively. From these results it can be concluded that there is an effect of adding Rhizopus oryzae mushroom to phenol recovery. The outcome of this study is that the fermentation of phenol can be commercialized and widely used in the health and pharmaceutical industries
Some Aspects Of Ethnic Art And Cultural Practices For Community Empowerment: A Study Of Singphos Of Assam, India
Get PDFAssam state of India is largely inhabited by various groups of people. Each group have their own distinct arts and culture. Art and culture are powerful tools at various levels of changes to empower community. In this paper, an attempt has been made to discuss and understand community empowerment from the perspective of community based art and cultural practices. Special references are given to the Singpho community of Assam. The study is based on both primary and secondary sources. Certain aspects like Singpho traditional tea, Singpho traditional lodge, art, crafts and textiles, festivals and cross border cultural interactions are discussed which may promote tourism and be a source of economic development of the community
The Analysis Of Potential Penetration & Development Of Alipay In China Using Combination Of Sor, Tam And Tpb Model
Get PDFThis study validates the application of the theory of planned behavior by intercepting situational (environmental) and personal factors to influence students’ entrepreneurial intentions. While TPB in entrepreneurial intentions has been widely acknowledged and attempted, but gaps still exist in terms of how the TPB variables are explained in their roles towards entrepreneurial intentions, and in particular, mediating roles of perceived behavioral control through self-efficacy and personal attitude are relatively unfound in the extant literature. Situational factors constituting of both curriculums and subjective norms are studied, while occupational challenge mindset is explored for indirect impact on entrepreneurial intention mediated through personal attitude. Sampling was drawn from the student population currently enrolled at Mae Fah Luang University, one renown public university in Chiang Rai. The university is chosen for its strategic focus in entrepreneurship and offering of wide ranges of subjects such as in Chinese medicine, cosmetics, Chinese language studies, and business majored students. Methodologically, both hierarchical multiple regression and structural equation modeling (SEM) methods would be used, which provide statistical evidences for the adapted and extended TPB framework
Phytochemical Screening And Bioactivity Of Piper Nigrum Seed Extract Against Sitophilus Oryzae (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)
Get PDFThe rice weevil, Sitophilus oryzae L. (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), is one of the most serious insect pest of rice seeds throughout the world. Currently, use of natural compounds from plant extracts has been suggested as alternative method for insect control to conventional synthetic insecticides. Petroleum ether, ethyl acetate, acetone and ethanol extracts of Piper nigrum seed were screened for secondary metabolites constituents. All extracts at concentration of 1% were also evaluated for their feeding/contact, fumigant toxicity and repellent activity against adults of S. oryzae. The preliminary phytochemical analysis showed the presence of alkaloids and terpenoids in petroleum ether extract. Alkaloids, terpenoids, flavonoids and tannins were found in acetone and ethanol extract. Ethyl acetate extract contained terpenoids and tannins. Furthermore, petroleum ether extract showed the strongest feeding/contact toxicity against S. oryzae with mortality of 100% within 5 days after treatment while the other extracts had moderate feeding/contact toxicity with mortality ranging from 60.00-75.00% at 7 days. All extracts exhibited low fumigant toxicity to the insect pest with mortality of 25.00-45.00% at 7 days. However, the 4 extracts showed high repellent activity against S. oryzae. The highest mean repellency of 91.00% was observed in ethyl acetate extract followed by petroleum ether extract (88.00%) and acetone extract (85.00%). The lowest mean repellency of 67% was obtained in ethanol extract. These result indicated that petroleum ether extract of P. nigrum seed has potential for integrated pest management programs of S. oryzae population
Fiscal Incentives And Disincentives To Reduce Plastic Waste In Indonesia
Get PDFIndonesia's growing economy causes plastic usage to increase. Consequently, the volume of plastic waste continues to increase over time. In 2015, Indonesia is the second country that pollutes the sea with plastic garbage after China (Jambeck, 2015). The Government of Indonesia is committed to reducing the volume of plastic waste by 30% in 2025, but until now the progress has not been satisfactory. The current development of plastic technology has found environmentally friendly plastic, namely biodegradable plastic which can degrade in a shorter period of time. Technology improvements are still continuing, but there are already visible problems that will become an obstacle, the price of bio-degradable plastics is more expensive than that of non-degradable plastic. People tend to choose non-degradable plastic that is cheap, and avoids biodegradable plastic that is expensive. This study aims to find alternatives of fiscal policies to reduce the volume of plastic waste. This study uses explorative descriptive methodology, in the form of description and explanation of the phenomena that occur in the progress of plastic consumption and production. This study concludes that the combination of incentive and disincentive fiscal policies can be applied to reduce the volume of plastic waste. Fiscal incentives (subsidies) policy can be applied to increase the use of biodegradable plastic and fiscal disincentives (excise) policy can be applied to reduce the use of non-degradable plastic. These policies will not burden the government, will make the plastic waste be degraded faster, and the volume of plastic waste will be reduced significantly
Mental Health Literacy Among People In Lampang Province, Thailand
Get PDFBackground: Mental health literacy (MHL (is associated with the likelihood of sustaining mental health illness, and an ability to prevent and reduce the severity of mental health problems . Promoting mental health literacy is therefore important in order to promote psychological wellbeing and prevent mental health problems.Objective: To describe mental health literacy among people in Lampang province and to assess the factors associated with mental health literacy.Methods :The sample consisted of 380 participants including people age 20 and above in Lampang province using multistage stage random sampling .The instrument was mental health literacy questionnaire consisting of three domains :knowledge of mental health, believe of mental health, and mental health efficacy. Descriptive statistics, Pearson product moment correlation and Chisquare, were used for data analysis.Results: Mental health literacy among people in Lampang province was at a moderate level of knowledge and believe of mental health ( =9.86, S.D = .2. =2.48, S.D = .0.26 (and high level of mental health efficacy ( = 3.03, S.D = .0.28 .(Mental health literacy correlated positively to age, level of education and mental illness history of the family as showed statistically significant at .05 level.Conclusion and Recommendations :The results of this study which revealed moderate level of knowledge and believe of mental health warrant educational interventions to promote mental health literacy among this populatio
Flexural Strength Of Provisional Restorative Materials Upon Aging
Get PDFBackground: Aging may affect strength of provisional restorative materials.Objective: This study evaluated the effect of aging on strength of heat-polymerized polymethyl methacrylate (Hp-PMMA), auto-polymerized (Ap) PMMA, bis-phenyl-glycidyl dimethacrylate (Bis-GMA), and computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) containing either PMMA or acrylate resin.Methods: Two hundred-ten bars (2x2x25mm) were fabricated from Hp-PMMA: Major C&B (M); Ap-PMMA: Unifast™ (U); Bis-acryl: Protemp™ (P), Luxatemp® (L); PMMA-CAD/CAM: Telio® CAD (T), artBloc® (R); and acrylate-CAD/CAM: Vita CAD Temp® (V). Each was divided into aging- (A) and non-aging- (N) groups (n=15 each). A-groups were thermo-cycled (5°C v.s 55°C, 30 sec each, 5000 cycles). Flexural strength was determined in universal testing machine at 1 mm/min crosshead speed, 50N/min loading. An analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Bonferroni’s test was determined for significant difference (α=0.05). Weibull statistics were determined for Weibull modulus (m), and characteristics strength (σo). Scanning electron micrographs (SEM) were examined for fracture surfaces.Results: The values (means±sd (MPa), m, σo) were (84.62± 3.73, 25.23, 86.53) and (84.05± 6.39, 13.21, 87.28) for VN and VA, (133.49± 4.32, 34.09, 135.54) and (123.11± 4.55, 28.76, 125.35) for TN and TA, (120.59± 6.94, 19.01, 123.84) and (119.96± 6.90, 19.21, 123.16) for RN and RA, (94.35± 4.07, 25.82, 96.24) and (93.07± 3.22, 32.19, 94.58) for PN and PA, (110.60± 6.20, 19.99, 113.44) and (97.23± 7.77, 13.82, 100.78) for LN and LA, (114.30± 5.21, 23.90, 116.79) and (112.21± 5.70, 19.86, 115.13) for MN and MA, and (89.45± 2.96, 32.77, 90.88) and (84.96± 5.33, 17.66, 87.42) for UN and UA respectively. T revealed the highest, whereas V possessed the lowest strength for both N- and A- condition. Aging significantly affected strength.Conclusions: Flexural strengths were differences among materials. PMMA-CAD/CAM possessed the highest, while acrylate-CAD/CAM possessed the lowest. Hp-PMMA showed better strength than Ap-PMMA. Bis-acryl resin was stronger than Ap-PMMA. Aging reduced strength for all materials tested
From “Asia As Method” To “home As Method”: The Internal (De)- Colonization Of Knowledge And Subjectivity In The Thai Curriculum Studies
Get PDFThailand has never been officially colonized by foreign powers whereas the re-appropriation of neo-liberal policy and nationalistic propaganda by the Thai government to promote the conservative elites’ version of nation-centrism clearly functions to maintain the hierarchical social structure and dominant hegemony through education. Grounded in Chen’s idea, Asia as Method, Winichakul’s framework (2014) on Thai cultural studies, home as method, has been recontextualized for understanding how the researcher gain and encounter educational experiences as well as having freedom of choice to reconstitute on the powerful curriculum discourse in Thailand. The notion of “home” signifying Thailand is a part of Asia is used to move beyond the debate over “us vs. them” or “insider vs. outsider” which is neither misleading nor productive. Additionally, it is employed for the understanding of the hegemonic roles of national elites on policy re-contextualization to combine both the neo-liberalism and neo-conservative discourse in education. Given that “curriculum studies” is an intellectual sphere in which competing discourses, plural assumptions, and pedagogical practices deserved its place, the field itself needs to be reconceptualized and goes beyond the legacy of both western cultural imperialism and internal colonialism, a legacy that continues to take place at the deep-rooted cultural and psychological level and plays a significant role in constructing cultural imaginary and subjectivity, which also has shaped many of our ideas about education, schooling, curriculum, and pedagogy. Thus, the onus is on us, critical curriculum workers, to explore and discover our diverse reflective ways in order to move forward our critical curriculum projects. The relationship between the home as method and critical curriculum projects needs to be a point of departure for discussions and an illustration of how curriculum as a form of cultural practice and cultural politics works to hegemonize particular knowledge production and distribution for many decades in Thailand
The “Belt And Road Initiative”: A Replacement For "One Belt One Road" With Same Prospective For Asean
Get PDFThe Belt and Road Initiative, first English translation namely, “One Belt One Road”, has brought a lot of misinterpretations, because the partners tend to focus much more the word “one”, assuming that there is only one maritime route and a single land belt. But for real, “The Belt and Road Initiative” aims to connect Asia, Europe and Africa along five routes. So, the Chinese government decided to change the name of its epic initiative to wrap up the Eurasian supercontinent and Africa with an array of trade corridors like the laces running around the world. Since 2009, China has been ASEAN’s largest trading partner, and since 2011 ASEAN has been China’s third-largest trading partner. Given the vitality of the economic stability of the ASEAN states to China, considering the geographical proximity of the region, a key priority of the BRI is ASEAN’s burgeoning economies. Alongside the AEC, the BRI will further integrate the growing regional community through developing infrastructures in the region and improve its trading policies. The BRI will also provide a pathway for China to bolster its relations with the ASEAN nations economically. The implementation of the Belt and Road agenda requires a high level of cooperation and understanding between and among ASEAN states and China. Alongside the strict enforcement of policies and analysis of risks and prospect, this would lead to bolstered economic development and linkages between Southeast Asia and China
Invisible Children: A Case Study Of Street Children Education In Pakistan
Get PDFThe chaotic issue of street children is rampant across the globe especially in developing nations like Pakistan. The presence of around 150 million street children worldwide highlights the gravity of the situation, out of which 1.2 million are living in Pakistan. The extreme poverty, unequal distribution of wealth, high inflation and large families push children to the street. The need for survival compels these children to engage in hazardous labor, begging, trash collection, prostitution, and drug addiction. They receive no protection from state and faces dangerous risks on streets. However, the state is under the obligation to provide protection as well as free and quality education to all. At present, there is no as such particular policy develops regarding the education of these children. Hence, they remain deprived of their fundamental right to education. So, the study focuses on the current status regarding the education of street children; educational interventions carried out by the government of Pakistan and NGOs; and challenges experienced by NGOs regarding such interventions in the country. This research is based on case study methodology and a qualitative in its nature. The study concludes that deficient in implementing and translating existing policies into practice, inadequate laws, funds, and public institutions response combined with public detest makes these children deliberately invisible to state. In addition to that, the government is also hampering the work of NGOs providing free education to street children. The study recommends that the Pakistani government should develop tangible policy, laws, and funds for the education of these children. In addition, the government should facilitate NGOs working to fulfill the educational needs of street children. With the help of education, street children will be able to understand risks, challenges and prepare themselves to counter while living and working on the streets