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The Reasons Behind a Career Change Through Vocational Education and Training
Get PDFWe report the results of qualitative research on adults who enrolled in a vocational and education training (VET) program with the intention of changing their careers. The participants were 30 adults aged between 25 and 45 years. A modified version of the consensual qualitative research method was applied to transcriptions of semi-structured interviews with the participants. There appeared to be two main reasons underlying the decision to enrol in a VET program with the aim of initiating a career change. Based on the reasons given, two groups (career changers and proactive changers) and five distinct categories were recognized. The career changers included individuals who wished to change careers due to dissatisfaction with their current situation. In this group, the decisions were motivated by either health problems or personal dissatisfaction. The proactive changers included individuals who wished to reorient their career because of a desire to undertake new projects. In this group, there were three categories of reasons: a wish to attain better working conditions, a search for personal growth and a desire to have an occupation that fitted the person s vocation. Thus, the participants reoriented their careers according to various motivations, pointing to the existence of a heterogeneous population and the complexity of the phenomenon. The results highlight the importance of understanding the subjective reasons behind career changes and the need to adjust career interventions accordingly
FACIL : das Förder-Assessment zur Selbstreflexion in der interkulturellen Lehrerbildung
Get PDFDas FACIL (Förder-Assessment- Center für Interkulturelle Kompetenz von Lehrerinnen und Lehrern) ist ein kompaktes, empirisch fundiertes Instrument zur Diagnostik und Förderung der interkulturellen Kompetenzen von Lehrkräften der Sekundarstufe. Basierend auf Interview- und Fragebogenstudien in drei Bundesländern wurden die Übungen und die Beobachtungsinstrumente für dieses Instrument für die Lehrerbildung erstellt. Schulalltagsnah gibt es den Teilnehmern die Chance, die eigenen Kompetenzen für die Arbeit in Schulen mit Schülern mit Migrationshintergrund zu reflektieren und die eigene Einschätzung mit der der Beobachter zu vergleichen. Ein Workshop mit dem FACIL bietet darüber hinaus viele Möglichkeiten zum Austausch mit den Kollegen. Das FACIL ist gedacht als ein Modulbaustein für interkulturelle Schulentwicklungen, bewährt sich aber auch in der Lehrerbildung, als Gesamtworkshop oder in Teilworkshops. Das hier vorliegende Buch beginnt mit der Entstehungsgeschichte, erläutert die Hintergründe und stellt das gesamt Material zur Verfügung
Towards Computationally Creating Multi-answer Queries for the Remote Associates Test
Get PDFThe Remote Associates Test is a creativity test used to assess human participants'ability for association. Small normative datasets of queries exist for this test; however, such datasets do not deal with the issue of potential multiple answers to the same test query. In this work we create a large dataset of queries to which multiple answers are possible. The computational work to create such a dataset is presented, together with the metrics relating to this dataset. The applications of this tool for the investigation and modeling of the creative processes of association in human cognition are also discussed
Politikdidaktische Überzeugungen im Spiegel von Theorie und Praxis : Ergebnisse einer qualitativen Längsschnittstudie
Get PDFBeliefs predict our approach on new experiences and information. The beliefs of students entering the reality at schools as intern teachers, are therefore formed and built by the major impact of theoretical studies at university. The question at hand is how the theoretically shaped beliefs on how to best teach social studies reflect on the reality in class. This longitudinal study's aim is to explore the future social studies teachers' beliefs: how they shift or prosper, how they change completely or even become more solid and stable due to the practical impact
Synthesis and electrochemical investigation of garnet-polymer composite electrolytes for solid state batteries
Get PDFSolid state lithium batteries are considered an alternative to currently available lithium ion batteries. The development of a suitable electrolyte is essential for commercialisation of bulk-type solid state batteries. This thesis is concerned with the synthesis of a solid state electrolyte as a composite of ceramic Li7La3Zr2O12 (LLZO) and a polymer electrolyte based on poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO). First, the synthesis of Al substituted LLZO by means of co-precipitation is described. The obtained powder is characterised with regard to its structural, chemical and electrochemical properties. In the second part, free-standing and flexible composite membranes (containing up to 40 vol% LLZO in polymer electrolyte (PEO20LiClO4) matrix) are manufactured by tape casting. In the third part, the LLZO/PEO20LiClO4 interface is identified as obstructive to continuous Li ion conduction. A model system is developed and investigated by means of impedance spectroscopy
Molekulare Mechanismen der Ionen- und pH-Regulation in marinen Fischen unter dem Einfluss der Klimafaktoren CO2 und Temperatur
No full textThe increase of atmospheric CO2 concentrations leads to progressive ocean warming and acidification. During exposure to elevated PCO2 marine teleost fish compensate for the extracellular acidosis by means of efficient ion and acid-base regulation, mainly in the anterior gut, the gill and the kidney. However, maintenance of a new steady state within body fluids may require higher regulatory efforts by transport mechanisms, stimulated further by ocean warming. Ion and acid-base transport components were analyzed on different functional levels in gill, kidney and anterior intestine of Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) in response to temperature and CO2. The findings reveal species-, treatment- and tissue-specific adjustments of transporter capacities. Adjustments may also impose direct and/or indirect downstream effects, entailing possible physiological trade-offs, which have to be examined in the future. Together, the data represent a first step towards systemic models, fostering a mechanistic understanding of compensatory processes in a marine fish under elevated temperature and PCO2
Aufklärung der elektrochemischen Mechanismen bei der Anodisierung in hochviskosen Elektrolytlösungen
Get PDFA novel pressure-sensitive adhesive tape was used for anodization of aluminum. The main difference between this anodization tape and conventional bath anodization is the viscosity of the electrolyte. While the viscosity of bath anodization is in the same range of water, the viscosity of the adhesive matrix is higher by seven orders of magnitude. The impact of the high viscous electrolyte on the anodization process and the morphology of the anodic oxide layers was investigated. The limitation of mass transport in the high viscous electrolyte slows down oxide formation and dissolution during anodic oxide growth. With in-situ electrochemical impedance spectroscopy a reduction of the effective area during tape anodization could be determined. Step-like voltage changes during the anodization process lead to the formation of different sublayers in the porous oxide layer, which allow the calculation of oxide formation and oxide dissolution rates for both anodization types
Prediction of Object Position based on Probabilistic Qualitative Spatial Relations
Get PDFDue to recent and extensive advancements in the robotic and artificial intelligence fields, intelligent systems can be found, with increasing frequency, in many areas of daily life. From industrial and surgical purposes to space robots, such complex systems are present. However, as demands for robotics systems increase, sophisticated algorithms for use in robotic areas such as perception, navigation, or manipulation are required. Although some algorithms for such purposes exist, there are still open questions and challenges that must be addressed. Although robots are primarily used in the manufacturing industry, which has since been revolutionized by their precision and speed, there is a growing trend towards using service and personal robotics applications. The latter in particular must interact with humans naturally and effectively manage their environments, such as offices and homes. In contrast to the systems used in an industrial context, systems such as personal robots do not act in a predefined and fixed environment. Rather, these intelligent systems need an intrinsic comprehension of human environments to be able to support people in their daily life and manage common tasks such as preparing a breakfast table or cleaning a room. Crucially, these new robot systems require an entirely new level of capabilities to act in dynamic human environments. This thesis addresses how qualitative spatial relations can be used to find an objecta s most probable location and thus guide the search for a sought object. Because current approaches focus mainly on crisp, two-dimensional relations, which are not directly suitable for use in three-dimensional real-world applications, a formalism for a new type of spatial relations is proposed in this work. This theoretical approach is then applied on real-world data to evaluate its applicability for robotics purposes. The resulting validation of the approach demonstrates that the developed method performs well and can be used to enhance search for objects
Die schulbezogene Anstrengungsvermeidung als maladaptive Strategie des selbstregulierten Lernens : ein multidimensionales Konstrukt an der Schnittstelle zwischen Kinder- und Jugendhilfe und Schule
Get PDFBackground. School achievement is determined by a series of cognitive and non-cognitive factors. In addition to general cognitive abilities, strategies of self-regulated learning play an essential role in School success. Children and adolescents who are not able to regulate their learning process have difficulties to meet the school earning requirements and will increasingly be affected by school failure. Frustrating learning experiences may manifest in school-based effort avoidance. Children and adolescents try to avoid the learning effort in order to scape the associated negative emotions. School-based effort avoidance is associated with poor school performance and can be considered as a maladaptive strategy of self-regulated learning. In particular, children and adolescents from child welfare services are at risk of developing such an avoidance. Aim. The aim of the present study is to analyze the construct school-based effort avoidance . This includes the question how school-based effort is associated to other child-centred variables. It also examines the role school-based effort avoidance plays in school performance. Furthermore, given the example of school-based effort avoidance, it should be examined who was the most valid source of information in child welfare services. Methods. A questionnaire especially developed for this research project was used in a cross-sectional design to record school-based effort avoidance. It does not map school-based effort avoidance one-dimensionally but in a multidimensional profile. This makes it possible to examine the construct school-based effort avoidance in a differentiated manner. This differentiation is necessary to identify specific relationships with other constructs in order to be able to implement very concrete individual-oriented training and intervention measures. Assistance adapted to the specific and individual needs of the child or adolescent is crucial for a successful implementation of child welfare services. This Dissertation contains the findings of four publications, each relating to different random samples (ages 9 to 16) from the general population and child welfare services. Results. The results show that school-based effort avoidance is primarily related to externalizing behavioral problems (child welfare Services sample), but also to learning emotions, such as school phobia (general population sample). The school-based effort avoidance can even mediate the relationship between individual scales of school phobia and grades in mathematics and German. Therefore, school phobia only affects school grades when it leads to avoidance behavior. The results of the interrater Agreement on the example of school-based effort avoidance confirms only a small association between the different sources of information, whereas the agreement between the adults was higher than the agreement between the children and the adult raters (child welfare services sample). Conclusions. The present study highlights the impact of school-based effort avoidance on school success. Accordingly it should be identified as early as possible so that the appropriate training measures to reduce school-based effort-avoidance can be initiated and implemented at an early stage before the behavior manifests itself stronger. This is particularly important when it comes to children and adolescent from child welfare services, who are often subjected to enormous multiple loads. In future longitudinal studies the reciprocal contexts between school-based effort avoidance, behavioral problems, school phobia and school grades should also be considered