Kyushu Kyoritsu University Academic Repository / 九州共立大学学術リポジトリ
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An attempt to classify hammer throwers based on the characteristics of throwing due to different-length wires
Get PDFThe aim of this study is to clarify the characteristics of throwing movements based on the axis of
turning and footwork in a turning phase that is involved with the acceleration of a hammer directly
influencing the performance of hammer throwing. Twenty-four university students （16 males and 8
females） specialized in the hammer throw were asked to throw a hammer with five different length
wires i.e. the standard length, and 10 cm shorter, 5 cm shorter, 5 cm longer and 10 cm longer than
the standard length. After measuring the thrown distances, ratios of them to the thrown distance using
the standard length wire were computed. Finally, their characteristics were investigated using cluster
analysis. As a result, the following three types were grouped: 1） “A type good for adjusting the posture,”
which is excellent to hold the body axis that keeps good posture against the heavy loads. In this type,
as the wire gets long, a tendency for an improved throwing distance was found. 2） “A type good for
footwork,” which was conducted using a short wire and of which the decline in the thrown distance was
small, and was high in adaptability for the turning speed, and 3） “A normal type,” of which performance
is best when using a normal wire, but which cannot skillfully cope with a change in the length of the
wire.departmental bulletin pape
A Construction Grammar to Chinese and Japanese transitivity
Get PDFThis article explores the transitivity of Chinese and Japanese from the perspective of construction
grammar. The transitivity of Chinese and Japanese differ but in both languages, the constructional
meanings are extendable. Existential sentences can be extended to possessive sentences, and possessive
sentences can be extended to transitive sentences. The sentence elements are also extendable, and
this extension interacts with constructional meaning. The route of meaning extension is usually from
concrete to abstract, from dynamic to static, from cause to result. Constructional meaning constrains its
constituent elements, for example, existential sentence constrains quantifiers and adverbial elements,
while static sentence constrains the agent. In the construction, the meaning of the constituent elements
can achieve the meaning extension from transitivity to automatism.departmental bulletin pape
Hierarchical Understanding of Dynamic Capability : An Introduction
Get PDFIn this paper, we review a series of research flows based on “hierarchical understanding” of
Dynamic Capabilities (DC), originating from Collis (1994) and Zollo and Winter (2002), and discuss
the possible contributions to Dynamic Capability framework (DCF). In general, DC is regarded as a
meta-capability that is responsible for creation and modification of Ordinary/Operational Capabilities
(OC). However. in a hierarchical understanding, DC is further divided into two levels of capability
hierarchy: functional lower-order (first-order) capabilities and learning-centric high-order (secondorder)
capabilities. In conclusion of this review, we firstly offer the possibility that the hierarchical
understanding framework will comprehensively integrate diversified views on DC. And secondly, we
point out that management intervention, which consists of ‘non-routine approaches’ and ‘reflective
thinking’ that characterize higher-order DCs in hierarchical understanding, has overcome the limits of
routine-based DC understanding. Finally, we argue that searching for traces of such interventions can be
an important clue to capturing the essence of DC in the reality of organizations.departmental bulletin pape
An Impact of Business Unit Restructuring (spin-off/business transfer) on Corporate Value
Get PDFIn recent years, as one of business reorganizations, methods such as spin-off, carve-out, and
business transfer have been frequently adopted. In Japan, many corporate restructurings are withdrawing
from unprofitable businesses as a result of diversification failures, and there are not many cases of
splitting profitable divisions, but in the United States where maximizing shareholder value is the most
important. Even profitable companies are often able to make quick and optimal decisions by dividing
businesses other than core businesses. In order to eliminate conglomerate discounts and appropriately
evaluate each business, restructuring methods such as spin-off or business transfer are very useful.
This paper focuses on business restructuring in the sense of increasing corporate value, not on
reorganization in the sense of organizing businesses that are unprofitable sectors, and analyzes the
effects of spin-offs and business transfers on corporate value.
The main conclusions are that the size of the company is maximized when the business is
transferred, that the board does not always make socially efficient choices, and that the second business
unit can decide on the company to transfer. He said that the amount of the takeover debt would be
larger than it would be if the transfer could be determined, and that those with a higher type of synergy
effect from the takeover debt would enjoy rent.departmental bulletin pape
Classification of throwing types using characteristics from the run-up phase to the preparation phase in javelin throwers
Get PDFThis study aimed to clarify the characteristics of the ways of throwing by classifying javelin
throwers based on records performed under various conditions with a focus on the run-up phase to the
preparation phase in javelin throws. Sixteen university male javelin throwers were asked to perform four
kinds of throwing: a standing throw without a run-up; a one-cross-step throw; and a three-cross-throw.
After computing the ratios of the measured performance mentioned above with their best records in the
season, the classification was conducted using cluster analysis. As a result, the following three types
were obtained: 1）“An upper-body dominated type,” which is dominated by power in the body stem and
upper limbs and of which performance from a cross-step phase is equivalent to approximately 90% of the
best record in the season; 2）“A type in proportion to the running-up speed,” which gradually increases
from standing-throwing to the best record in the season and of which throwing performance improves
in proportion to the running-up speed; and 3）“A lower-body dominated type” which is excellent in the
Stretch-Shortening Cycle（SSC）of lower limbs and for which excellent throwing performance can be
expected at a speed above a certain level with the increasing rate from three-cross-step throwing to the
best record in the season at approximately 30%. As the “upper-body dominated type” and “lower-body
dominated type” out of these classified types tend to have a high athletic level, it was suggested that it
is needed to possess physical fitness such as SSC in the upper or lower limbs to obtain a certain athletic
level.departmental bulletin pape
The relationship between various factors when possessing one's ball and offensive outcomes in futsal
Get PDFIn order to comprehensively understand futsal games, this study investigated the offensive
characteristics involved by checking all the locations and ways from possessing one’s ball to the end of
the offense in games. All games which I targeted were games of the F-league being in the top level of
our country. After tabulating a cross-table between the various factors when possessing one’s ball and
offensive outcomes, the relationship was statistically tested. As a result, the following findings were
obtained:
1） In the relationship between the way to get the ball and the outcome of offense, it was indicated
that a newly started offense such as a corner kick or free kick significantly frequently ended in shooting,
whereas clearance significantly often led to a turn-over.
2） With respect to the association between the location where to play finally and offensive
outcomes, in case that a team played the final play in their own field, that play tended to end in a turnover,
but in case that near the other team’s goal, it tended to end in shooting. These issues indicated a
tendency similar to many other goal-type ball games.
3） A significant association between whether shooting was successful or not and the location where
the final play was performed was found, showing that shooting from the middle position in front of the
goal was significantly often successful.
These results reveal the offensive characteristics in futsal games of the F-league. In futsal, the
offenses initiated from set pieces such as corner kicks and free kicks that are unmarked tend to end in
shooting. Moreover, the offenses initiated from clearances tend to end in turn-overs, that probably due
to offensive technical errors.departmental bulletin pape
Report of throwing event at the 23rd Asian Athletics Championship
Get PDF第23回アジア陸上競技選手権大会は、2019年4月21日～ 24日にかけてカタール・ドーハで行われた。この大会
について日本人選手の活躍状況並びにアジア各国の投擲競技の現状について報告する。departmental bulletin pape
Effects of repetitive baseball pitching on muscle hardness of trunk and upper limb muscles
Get PDFThe purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of repetitive baseball pitching on the
hardness of trunk and upper limb muscles. Six healthy male college students participated in this
study. Muscle hardness was evaluated using the new ultrasonic diagnostic instrument which had a
pressure gauge attached to the probe of a B-mode ultrasonic diagnostic equipment. Muscle hardness
was measured at nine sites (10 muscles: pectoralis major, latissimus dorsi, trapezius, supraspinatus,
infraspinatus, biceps brachii, triceps brachii, pronator teres, flexor carpi radialis, flexor carpi ulnaris).
Subjects threw 105 balls (15 x 7 sets) with maximum effort in the laboratory. Muscle hardness was
measured four times (before pitching, immediately after pitching, 24 hours after pitching, and 48 hours
after pitching). Muscle thickness was determined from an ultrasonic image when a compression force of
500 gf, 1000 gf, and 1500 gf was applied to the probe, and a muscle hardness index was calculated from
a regression equation. A one-way analysis of variance was used to compare muscle hardness in the four
measurements. As a result, the muscle hardness of the supraspinatus muscle at 24 hours and 48 hours
after pitching was significantly lower than the value before pitching. The results of this study suggest
that repetitive baseball pitching increases the hardness of the supraspinatus muscle.departmental bulletin pape
A Study on the Acceptance of International Students and the Dispatch of Japanese Students Abroad : With a Focus on Efforts of Kyushu Kyoritsu University
Get PDFIn this paper, the authors first confirm the government’s policy and the current status of the
acceptance of international students and the Japanese students studying abroad, and then conduct
research on the actual situation of those of Kyushu Kyoritsu University. And after that, they discuss
some issues of accepting the international students and the Japanese students’ studying abroad in terms
of international exchange by closely examining the above university’s recent programs to experience
Chinese culture.departmental bulletin pape