Jurnal Ilmu Peternakan dan Veteriner Tropis (JIPVET - Journal of Tropical Animal and Veterinary Science)
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Viability of centrosema pubescens, macropthilium artopurpureum, and clitoria ternatea seeds with soaking treatment
No full textThe cultivation and utilization of legumes as forage crops are often constrained by hard seed coats that inhibit germination. Physical scarification through hot-water soaking offers a practical and effective solution for farmers. This study aimed to evaluate the germination viability of Centrosema pubescens, Macroptilium atropurpureum, and Clitoria ternatea seeds following soaking treatments. The experiment was conducted over two months at the Agrostology Laboratory, Faculty of Animal Science, University of Papua, using a completely randomized factorial design with two factors: soaking temperature (60°C, 70°C, and 80°C) and legume seed type, each replicated four times. The results showed that soaking seeds at 80°C significantly improved germination time, number of germinated seeds, seedling height, number of leaves, and overall germination percentage. The shortest germination time was two days, with 2–3 seeds germinating per species. Average seedling height reached 17.96 cm, and the highest number of leaves was 10 per species. Macroptilium atropurpureum achieved the highest germination rate at 83.33%. These findings demonstrate that hot-water soaking at 80°C is an effective method to enhance seed viability in these leguminous forage species
Parameter combination norfloxacin and tylosin on poultry: A review
No full textThe use of antibiotics is currently one of the most widely used drugs. Various types of antibiotics that have been distributed, both broad spectrum and narrow spectrum, have caused several side effects. One of the side effects currently occurring is antibiotic residue and antimicrobial resistance. Antibiotic residues occur due to remaining drug metabolism residues not being excreted in full. Antimicrobial resistance occurs due to the use of antibiotics at inappropriate doses. If this incident occurs continuously it will have significant global effects which will directly affect human and animal health in the future. Pharmacokinetic studies really need to be carried out to determine the profile of a drug in the body. Pharmacokinetics describes the time course of drug levels in body fluids as a result of absorption, distribution and elimination of the drug after administration to avoid antimicrobial resistance and provides information regarding the pharmacokinetic parameters of the use of the combination of norfloxacin and tyrosin in birds and as well as information regarding the pharmacokinetic description of the combination of norfloxacin and tyrosin in poultry
Morphology and use of the bandicoot (Echymipera kalubu) by the Wamesa Tribe in Teluk Wondama Regency
No full textThis research aims to identify the type of mole, its morphology, and the ethnobiology of bandicoots by the Wamesa Tribe in Teluk Wondama Regency. This research method is a descriptive method with observation and interview techniques. Research variables include morphology and ethnobiology of bandicoots. The research results show that the bandicoots used by the Wamesa Tribe are white-breasted and red-breasted E. kalubu. The hair's characteristics are spiky, short snout, tail length <100 mm, black areas on the eyes, and ears rounder. Based on the measurements of male and inner E.kalubu, they have a body weight of 1,600 vs 2000 g. hind leg length 411.7 vs. 414 mm, tail length 62.2 vs. 65 mm, hind foot length 57.8 vs. 54.5 mm, ear length 33.8 vs. 32.5 mm. The Wamesa tribe uses moles for consumption, cooked by stirring-frying using burning coals and natural kitchen spices, and the body part of the bandicoot is meat
Performance and internal organs of Japanese quails given kandis (Garcinia xanthochymus) fruit extract with different degrees of acidity
No full textThis research evaluated the performance of quail given drinking kandis acid fruit extract during the laying period. Layer Quails used this research for 6 weeks. A completely randomized design (RAL) with four treatments and three replications for 132 quails was used in this research. The treatments were control (P0) and supplementation kandis acid fruit extract to reach pH 4 (P1), pH 3 (P2), and pH 2 (P3). Kandis acid fruit extract was given twice per week during research. The variables were feed consumption, egg weight, hen day production, feed conversion ratio percentage of internal organs, and percentage of digestive tract. The results showed that supplementation from kandis acid fruit extract did not affect feed consumption, egg weight, hen day production, and feed conversion ratio. It can be concluded that the supplementation from kandis acid fruit extract at pH 4 – pH two did not have a difference in quail performance
Evaluation of molecular primers for sexing the magpie robin and green cucak via CHD1 gene amplification
No full textResearchers and breeders are increasingly using the Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) method for bird sexing. However, the compatibility of the DNA template and the oligo primer used is the primary key to the success of PCR amplification. In the present study, we evaluated five types of popular PCR primers sexing to determine the sex of a pair of each the magpie robin (Copsychus malabaricus) and green cucak (Chloropsis sonnerati). We used DNA samples from each pair of males and females from the two species above, respectively, to test the five primers listed to amplify the target gene chromodomain helicase DNA binding 1 (CHD1). The results demonstrated that the primer sets of CHD1LF/CHD1LR, CHD1F/CHD1R, and P2/P8 could be used for Copsychus malabaricus, while only CHD1LF/CHD1LR was suitable for Chloropsis sonnerati. It is crucial to select the correct primer to improve bird sexing accuracy because several of the other primers examined in this study were unable to amplify the targeted CHD1 gene correctly
Nematodiasis in laying ducks (Anas platyrhynchos) at different age groups
No full textNematodiasis remains a critical parasitic disease affecting the gastrointestinal health and productivity of laying ducks. This study aimed to investigate the occurrence of nematode infections at different ages in laying ducks (Anas platyrhynchos). A total of 100 intensively managed local ducks were used, comprising 50 young ducks (2.5–5 months) and 50 adults (7 months–1 year). Fecal samples were analyzed using the modified Whitlock flotation technique. Descriptive analysis and Chi-square statistical testing were performed using SPSS software. The overall occurrence of nematodiasis was 37% (37/100), with Capillaria sp. being the most frequently detected species (24%), followed by Strongyloides sp. (19%) and Ascaridia sp. (1%). Single-species infections predominated (81.1%), while mixed-species infections accounted for 18.9% of positive cases. Eggs per gram (EPG) values varied among age groups but were consistently within the mild infection range. Statistical analysis revealed a significant association between age group and infection occurrence (p<0,05), indicating that younger ducks are at higher risk of nematode infection. These findings highlight the importance of age-specific parasite control strategies to enhance flock health and productivity in laying duck operations
Identification profile with extensive and semi-intensive beef cattle production system in District Sorong, Southwest Papua Province
No full textThe farmes in Southwest Papua, have started using the semi-intensive farming system for Beef Cattle rearing in recent decades. This study aimed to determine the profile profile of beef cattle farmers under with extensive and semi-intensive farming systems in Sorong Regency, Southwest Papua Province. This research was conducted from January to March 2024 using the Participatory Rural Appraisal method, which is an approach that involves family members or individuals to analyze the reality of the living conditions they live in. This research involved 100 breeders divided into 60 extensive farmers and 40 semi-intensive farmers who were selected using purposive sampling. Data were described quantitatively and analyzed using the independent T test. The results showed that the age of farmers in the semi-intensive system was younger but their farming experience was longer in the extensive system (P<0.05). The motivation for keeping livestock as savings, the main livelihood and the function of livestock as a fertilizer producer are not significantly different, but breeders in different rearing systems view that the motivation for keeping livestock as savings is still very important. The number of cows in the extensive system was higher than in the semi-intensive system (P<0.05). It was concluded that farmers with extensive and semi-intensive farming systems use cattle more for savings and insurance purposes compared to breeders whose background is in animal husbandry as their main occupation and fertilizer produce
Feeding management practices and forage utilization in smallholder goat farming in Oransbari District, Papua Barat
No full textSmallholder goat production in remote regions of eastern Indonesia still relies mainly on traditional feeding practices that may limit animal performance. This study aimed to describe feed management and forage utilization by smallholder goat farmers in Oransbari District, South Manokwari Regency, West Papua, Indonesia. A descriptive case-study design was applied with 28 purposively selected farmers. Primary data were collected through field observations of available forage, semi-structured interviews on feeding practices, daily weighing of fresh forage offered by growth class, and laboratory analysis of representative forage samples for crude protein, crude fiber, and minerals. Most farmers were of productive age but had low to medium levels of formal education, and feeding decisions were driven mainly by experience and seasonal forage availability rather than by explicit nutritional planning. Adult goats typically received 2–4% of live weight as fresh forage per day, while kids and growers received approximately 1–6%, with rations dominated by Napier grass supplemented with legumes, sweet potato vines, and agricultural by-products. Forage analysis confirmed that the inclusion of legumes substantially increased dietary protein, whereas practices such as wilting and systematic forage conservation were rarely applied. These findings highlight the need for targeted training on nutrition-based rationing, forage conservation, and strategic use of crop residues to improve feed efficiency, animal health, and the sustainability of smallholder goat systems in Oransbari
Comparison of the quality of beef from Jagalan RPH Production and Non-RPH Production
No full textMeat quality is determined based on aspects of handling, inspection, environment and facilities at the slaughterhouse. Some of these aspects have been paid attention to by slaughterhouses (RPH), but they are still less of a concern for places that carry out independent slaughtering. The aim of this research is to determine the difference in the quality of meat from RPH production and meat from production other than RPH. Parameters used in meat quality testing include organoleptic tests (color, odor, consistency and cleanliness), pH tests and Water Holding Ability (DIA) tests. Data were analyzed using the Kruskal Wallis test, if there were significant differences, it was continued with the Mann Whitney test. The results showed that there were significant differences in color quality, consistency, pH and DIA values (P<0.05). Meanwhile, the results did not show significant differences in bau and cleanliness parameters (P>0.05). However, meat originating from both places is still at a level suitable for consumptio
Impact of collection methods on semen quality, fertility, and hatchability in nunukan chickens
No full textThis study aims to evaluate the fertility and hatchability of Nunukan chickens responding to the rooster semen collected using the dorso-abdominal massage method and a collection tube by presenting a teaser. A total of 20 male Nunukan chickens were divided into two treatment groups, in healthy condition, aged 12-36 months, body weight 2.5-3.4 kg, and housed individually (35x45x60 cm3); the semen was collected every three days. Semen characteristics evaluated macroscopically included color, odor, consistency, volume, and pH; microscopically included sperm concentration, mass motility, progressive individual motility, total sperm per ejaculate, viability, abnormality, and sperm quality factor (SQF); furthermore, the artificial insemination technique was used to evaluate the effect of sperm quality on fertility and hatchability. Both methods showed no difference in macroscopic parameters; color, odor, consistency, and pH, and microscopic parameters (p>0.05); concentration, viability, abnormality, mass motility, and progressive individual motility. While semen volume, total sperm per ejaculate, and SQF showed significant differences (p<0.05). However, the fertility and hatchability rates are not significantly different (p>0.05). Despite the high quantitative qualities of rooster semen obtained with collection tubes and female teasers, Nunukan chickens' fertility and hatchability did not differ significantly (p>0.05) from other semen collection methods.
Keywords: collection method; fertility; hatchability, semen, qualit