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Advancements in Hermite-Hadamard inequalities via conformable fractional integrals for subadditive functions
Get PDFThis study advances Hermite-Hadamard inequalities for subadditive functions using conformable fractional integrals. It establishes and explores numerous versions of these inequalities, as well as fractional integral inequalities for the product of two subadditive functions via conformable fractional integrals. The findings indicate that these inequalities improve and extend prior results for convex and subadditive functions, significantly enhancing the theoretical framework of fractional calculus and inequality theory. Moreover, computational analysis is conducted on these inequalities for subadditive functions, and mathematical examples are given to validate the newly established results within the framework of conformable fractional calculus
Determination of Arsenic Amount in Some Trees that Can Be Used as Biomonitors
Get PDFToxic metals/metalloids such as arsenic are environmental pollutants that are damaging to living organisms. Commonly found metals pose a serious threat to human health unless they are controlled. In this study, the accumulation of As metalloid, which has entered the food chain for specific reasons, in plant organs was determined, and it was examined whether plants are hyperaccumulators against As concentration. As a result, Pinus pinaster Aiton., Cupressus arizonica Greene., Picea orientalis (L.) Peterm., Cedrus atlantica (Endl.), and Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) species accumulated more than 1 mg/kg As concentration. The highest average As concentration (7.91 mg/kg) was found in the northern bark of P. menziesii. The highest As concentrations in wood were found in the eastern direction for P. pinaster (5.21 mg/kg), C. arizonica (4.99 mg/kg), and P. orientalis (4.02 mg/kg), and in the western direction for C. atlantica (3.56 mg/kg) and P. menziesii (3.88 mg/kg). Additionally, it was determined that As concentration varied depending on location, direction, species, and year
Türk Dünyası Devletleri Arasındaki Eğitim İş Birliğinin Akademisyenlerin Görüşlerine Göre İncelenmesi
Get PDFBu araştırma, Türk dünyası devletleri arasındaki eğitim iş birliğinin akademisyenlerin bakış açılarından incelenmesini amaçlamaktadır. Ayrıca bu araştırmada, Türk dünyasında ortak tarihî ve kültürel bağların eğitim alanındaki etkilerini değerlendirirken mevcut iş birliklerini, karşılaşılan engelleri ve geleceğe yönelik potansiyel fırsatları ortaya koymak hedeflenmiştir. Araştırmada fenomenolojik bir desen benimsenmiş ve Türkiye’deki farklı üniversitelerde görev yapan 17 akademisyenle yarı yapılandırılmış görüşmeler gerçekleştirilmiştir. Veriler, içerik analizi yöntemi ile değerlendirilmiş ve üç temel tema belirlenmiştir. Bulgular, Türk dünyası devletlerinin eğitim sistemlerinde ortak tarihî miras ve kültürel bağlara dayalı benzerlikler bulunduğunu ancak siyasi, ekonomik ve kurumsal faktörlerden kaynaklanan farklılıkların iş birliği süreçlerini zorlaştırdığını göstermektedir. Özellikle dil politikaları, program uyumsuzlukları ve üniversite yönetimi gibi konularda ülkeler arasında belirgin farklılıklar bulunmaktadır. Eğitim iş birliğinin önündeki en büyük engellerden biri bürokratik yapıların karmaşıklığı, siyasi istikrarsızlıklar ve uluslararası aktörlerin müdahaleleridir. Araştırma, eğitim iş birliğinin yalnızca akademik bir konu olmadığını aynı zamanda Türk devletleri arasındaki ekonomik kalkınma, jeopolitik denge ve kültürel uyum süreçleriyle doğrudan ilişkili olduğunu ortaya koymaktadır. Sonuç olarak eğitim alanındaki iş birliklerinin sürdürülebilir olması için hukuki ve kurumsal altyapının güçlendirilmesi, ortak program geliştirilmesi ve akademik değişim programlarının artırılması gerektiği vurgulanmaktadır
Enhanced performance of lithium-ion battery anodes using CuO nanorod/ graphene aerogel composites
Get PDFIn this study, CuO nanorods and CuO/graphene aerogel (GA) composites are investigated as potential anode materials. CuO nanorods were synthesized by chemical precipitation, while the CuO/graphene aerogel hybrid was prepared by the aerogel method. Structural, morphological and electrochemical characterizations were performed, which showed enhanced performance of the CuO/GA hybrid composite. This composite structure retained 90 % of its capacitance after 500 cycles, significantly outperforming the pure CuO electrode. The unique properties of CuO's high theoretical capacity combined with graphene's superior conductivity lead to enhanced lithium storage and structural resilience. This study examines CuO nanorods combined with graphene aerogels to leverage graphene exceptional conductivity and 3D porous structure for improved performance.Domestic Priority Areas Doctoral Scholarship Program [TUBITAK 2211-C]The author Esma Uzun is funded by the TUBITAK 2211-C Domestic Priority Areas Doctoral Scholarship Program
In Vitro Research on Antimicrobial Activity of Native Anatolian Honey Bee Products against Paenibacillus larvae Strains
Get PDFWorldwide, one of the most damaging diseases in beekeeping is American Foulbrood (AFB). The causative agent of the disease is Paenibacillus larvae, which can remain in spore form in the environment for decades and does not lose its virulence. In the management of this disease, it is inevitable to find an alternative method to the use of antibiotics and burning the hives. In this study, after determining the Total Phenolic (TPC) and Total Flavonoid Contents (TFC) of seven different Anatolian honey bee products (bee venom, bee bread, pollen, royal jelly, propolis, queen bee larvae, drone brood larvae), in vitro antimicrobial activities of these products against two different P. larvae strains were tested. As a result of Folin-Ciocalteu and AlCl3 colorimetric methods, there were significant differences between the samples, and the highest content values were obtained from the propolis samples. The antimicrobial activity results showed that, P. larvae strains were susceptible to all bee products, except queen bee larvae and drone brood larvae. The most significant inhibition was obtained from Anatolian bee venom with the lowest MIC dose 6.25 mu g mL(-1), Bacterial strains showed susceptibility to Anatolian beebread with an effective dose of 7.81 mu g mL(-1) following bee venom. This study is an important first step in identifying new active compounds for the use of in-hive natural products in the development of new preventive treatments against AFB disease, alternative to conventional antibiotic treatments
A study on the court of accounts audit findings of accounting practices in revolving fund enterprises of the Ministry of Health
Get PDFBütün sektörlerde olduğu gibi sağlık hizmetlerinin sunumunda da kaynakların etkin ve verimli kullanılması önemlidir. Bu durumun kontrolü ise denetimlerle sağlanabilir. Sağlık Bakanlığı (SB) döner sermaye işletmelerinde (DSİ) mali denetim Sayıştay Başkanlığı tarafından yapılmaktadır. Çalışmanın amacı SB DSİ'ye ait Sayıştay denetim raporlarında yer alan muhasebe kayıtlarındaki hataları sistematik bir şekilde analiz etmek, hataların hangi nedenlerden kaynaklandığını tespit etmek, bu hataların olası nedenlerinden yola çıkarak mali yöneticilerin görüşlerini tespit etmek ve ilgili taraflara faydalı bilgiler sunmaktır. Çalışmada nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden doküman analizi, sistematik analiz, yarı yapılandırılmış mülakat ve gömülü teori yöntemleri kullanılmıştır. Çalışmada 2018-2023 yılları arasındaki Sayıştay denetim raporları incelenerek muhasebeyle ilgili bulgular ve hatalar bilançoya, gelir ve gider hesaplarına ve nazım hesaplara göre sınıflandırılmıştır. Analiz sonucunda elde edilen bilgiler doğrultusunda yarı yapılandırılmış mülakat anketi düzenlenmiştir. Mülakat anketi MAXQDA 24 programı ile analiz edilmiştir. Araştırmanın evreni SB'ye bağlı DSİ'lerdeki mali hizmetlerden sorumlu yöneticiler olarak belirlenmiştir. Araştırma izni için illerdeki kurumlara başvuru yapılmış ve izin alınabilen Bartın, Bitlis ve Düzce illeri çalışma kapsamına alınmıştır. Örneklem olarak araştırma izni alınabilen illerde görevli mali hizmetlerden sorumlu yöneticiler belirlenmiştir. Sayıştay denetim raporlarında en fazla hata 46 adet ile kısa vadeli yabancı kaynaklar hesap gurubunda ve 42 adet ile dönen varlıklar hesap gruplarındadır. Muhasebe kayıtlarında en fazla hata 2018 yılında, en az hata ise 2023 yılında gerçekleşmiştir. Bazı hatalar bir kez meydana gelirken bazı hatalar tüm çalışma yıllarında yer almaktadır. Katılımcılarla yapılan mülakatlarda ise hataların en fazla kullanıcı hatalarından kaynaklandığı ifade edilmiştir. Kullanıcı hatalarını azaltmak için mali mevzuat ve muhasebe eğitimleri düzenli aralıklarla tekrar edilmelidir. Ayrıca katılımcılar nitelikli personel temininde sorun yaşadıklarını ifade etmiştir. Bu nedenle muhasebe işlemi yapan birimleri teşvik edici düzenlemelerin yapılması ve personelin zorunlu haller dışında yerinin değiştirilmemesi gerekmektedir. Katılımcılar Tek Düzen Muhasebe Sistemi programının ihtiyaçlarını karşıladığını, raporlama ve modüllerin yeterli olduğunu ifade etmişlerdir. SB tarafından kullanılan farklı yazılımların birbirleriyle tam entegre edilmesinin hataları azaltılacağı düşünülmektedir. Verilerin tek noktadan girilerek diğer sistemlere aktarılması ile kullanıcı hataları minimize edilebilir.As in all sectors, it is important to use resources effectively and efficiently in the provision of health services. This situation can be controlled through audits. Financial audits in the revolving fund enterprises (RFE) of the Ministry of Health (MoH) are carried out by the Court of Accounts (CoA). The aim of the study is to systematically analyze the errors in the accounting records in the audit reports of the CoA belonging to the MoH RFE, to determine the reasons for the errors, to determine the opinions of financial managers based on the possible reasons for these errors, and to provide useful information to the relevant parties. In the study, document analysis, systematic analysis, semi-structured interview and grounded theory methods were used among qualitative research methods. In the study, the audit reports of the CoA between the years 2018-2023 were examined and accounting-related findings and errors were classified according to the balance sheet, income and expense accounts and memorandum accounts. A semi-structured interview survey was organized in line with the information obtained as a result of the analysis. The interview survey was analyzed with the MAXQDA 24 program. The universe of the research was determined as the managers responsible for financial services in the RFEs affiliated to the MoH. Applications were made to the institutions in the provinces for research permission and the provinces of Bartın, Bitlis and Düzce, where permission could be obtained, were included in the study. The sample was determined as managers responsible for financial services in the provinces where research permission could be obtained. In the CoA audit reports, the highest number of errors was in the short-term foreign resources account group with 46 and in the current assets account group with 42. The highest number of errors in accounting records occurred in 2018 and the lowest number in 2023. While some errors occurred once, some errors occurred in all working years. In the interviews with the participants, it was stated that the errors were mostly caused by user errors. In order to reduce user errors, financial legislation and accounting training should be repeated at regular intervals. In addition, the participants stated that they had problems in providing qualified personnel. For this reason, incentive arrangements should be made for the units performing accounting transactions and the personnel should not be changed except in cases of necessity. The participants stated that the Uniform Accounting System program met their needs and that its reporting and modules were sufficient. It is thought that the full integration of different software used by the MoH with each other will reduce errors. User errors can be minimized by entering data from a single point and transferring it to other systems
Effect of refining time on the physicochemical and functional properties of palm-sunflower based anhydrous cream produced in a stirred ball mill
Get PDFThis study investigated the effect of refining time on the physicochemical and functional properties of anhydrous cream prepared from a palm-sunflower oil blend using a stirred ball mill. Refining was performed for 0-300 min, and its impact on particle size distribution, rheology, oxidative stability, and thermal behavior was assessed. The target particle fineness (D90 <= 30 mu m) was achieved at approximately 180 min, with negligible reduction thereafter. Refining progressively increased apparent viscosity and decreased the flow behavior index, confirming stronger shear-thinning behavior. Oxidative stability and melting transitions remained stable across treatments, demonstrating that lipid integrity was preserved under controlled processing conditions (45 degrees C). An optimal refining duration of 180-240 min provided the desired fineness and viscosity without excessive energy consumption. These findings define cost-efficient, scalable processing parameters for producing additive-free, trans-fat-free cream systems with reliable rheological, oxidative, and thermal stability, supporting industrial applications in confectionery, spreads, and frozen desserts
Effects of Adhesive Type and Surface Preparation on the Mechanical Strength of Thermoplastic and CFRP Structures
Get PDFComposite materials are widely used in industries for their lightweight, durability, and flexibility. Carbon fiber-reinforced composites are particularly demanded and used in aerospace, automotive, and space industries due to their high strength and low weight. They are also critical in manufacturing high-pressure hydrogen storage tanks, where the interfacial strength between thermoplastic and thermoset materials is crucial. This study investigates the effects of adhesive type and surface preparation on the mechanical strength of carbon fiber-reinforced composites bonded with high-density polyethylene (HDPE). Tensile tests were performed according to ASTM D5868, and scanning electron microscope (SEM) analyses were conducted to evaluate damage mechanisms. The results show that, DP 190-120 demonstrated the highest performance, providing a 108% higher shear stress (25 MPa) compared to other adhesives. In epoxy-bonded joints, the maximum shear stress (12 MPa) was observed in sample E-240. This value corresponds to only 48% of the performance of DP 190-240. Among the joints made with DP 460, DP 460- 180 showed the best performance. However, with only 2.1 MPa shear stress, it reached just 8.4% of the performance of DP 190-180. These findings contribute to enhancing the safety of Type-IV hydrogen tanks and developing more reliable bonding methods for industrial applications
The aesthetics of silence in childiren's literature: Mavisel Yener example
Get PDFAnlatı sanatında yazarın söyledikleri kadar ifade etmedikleri de önemlidir. Susma estetiği, hem kurgu ögelerinin inşasında bilinen ve bilinmeyenler arasındaki hassas dengeyi ayarlamak hem de anlatı üzerinde söz ekonomisi yaratmak için kullanılır. Tekrardan ve yersiz açıklamalardan kaçınarak meseleyi az sözle anlatmak, susmanın gereğidir. Susku, hikâyeyi açıklama katmadan anlatabilmeyi sağlar. Metnin ufkunda doğacak muhtemel anlamlar, yazarın sessizliğine bağlıdır. Susmanın oluşturduğu müphemiyet sayesinde hem metnin iletisi satır aralarına işlenir hem de anlatının canlılığı korunmuş olur. Bu çalışmanın amacı, susma estetiğinin çocuk edebiyatındaki işlevlerini tespit etmektir. Bunun için Mavisel Yener'e ait, yazınsal niteliği susma bağlamında irdelenmeye uygun olan Dolunay Dedektifleri-1/ İz Peşinde, Dolunay Dedektifleri-2/ Dehşet Mektuplar, Piri Reis ve Göbeklitepe'deki Sır ve Mustafa Kemal'in Kayıp Seslerinin İzinde adlı eserler örneklem olarak seçilmiştir. Nitel bir çalışma olan bu araştırmada fenomenolojik desen kullanılmıştır. Eserler, kurgu unsurları bakımından susma estetiği ekseninde incelenmiştir. Metinde susmayı mümkün kılan yöntemler örneklendirilmiştir. Anlatının indirgenmesinde metinler arasılık, anlatıcı tercihi, bakış açısı gibi unsurların etkili olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Edebiyatta susmanın kurmacadaki düğümlerin çözümünü erteleyerek anlatıcının merakını canlı tutmak, okuyucunun kendi deneyimlerinden hareketle metindeki olayların gelişimine dair tahminlerde bulunmasına olanak sağlamak, kurguda boşluk sağlayarak yaratıcı düşüncenin önünü açmak gibi işlevleri bulunduğu saptanmıştır. Susma estetiğinin iletiyi örtük şekilde sunma, az sözle etkili anlatım sağlama, zihinsel becerileri faal kılma ve metaforik düşünmeye teşvik etme nitelikleri bakımından çocuğa okuma zevki ve bilinci aşılamak, milli manevi değerleri benimsetmek, empati kurmayı öğretmek, eleştirel düşünme becerisi kazandırmak gibi hedefleri olan çocuk edebiyatını desteklediği sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.In narrative art, what the author leaves unsaid is as important as what they express. The aesthetics of silence is employed both to establish the delicate balance between the known and unknown in the construction of narrative elements and to create economy of language within the narrative. Avoiding repetition and unnecessary explanations, expressing the matter with few words, is the requirement of silence. Silence enables the story to be told without added commentary. The potential meanings that will emerge on the horizon of the text depend on the author's silence. Thanks to the ambiguity created by silence, both the message of the text is woven between the lines and the vitality of the narrative is preserved. The purpose of this study is to identify the functions of the aesthetics of silence in children's literature. For this purpose, Mavisel Yener's works, which are suitable for examining the literary quality in the context of silence, namely Dolunay Dedektifleri-1/ İz Peşinde, Dolunay Dedektifleri -2/ Dehşet Mektuplar, Piri Reis ve Göbeklitepe'deki Sır and Mustafa Kemal'in Kayıp Seslerinin İzinde have been selected as samples. In this qualitative study, a phenomenological design has been used. The works have been examined in terms of narrative elements in the context of the aesthetics of silence. The methods that make silence possible in the text have been exemplified. It has been determined that elements such as intertextuality, narrator preference, and point of view are effective in the reduction of the narrative. It has been found that silence in literature has functions such as postponing the resolution of the knots in the fiction by keeping the narrator's curiosity alive, allowing the reader to make predictions about the development of the events in the text by moving from their own experiences, and creating space in the fiction by opening the way for creative thinking. It has been concluded that the aesthetics of silence supports children's literature, which has goals such as instilling reading pleasure and awareness in the child, teaching national and moral values, teaching empathy, and instilling critical thinking skills, in terms of its qualities of presenting the message implicitly, providing effective expression with few words, activating mental skills, and encouraging metaphorical thinking
SOME PHYSICAL AND MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF PARTICLE BOARDS PRODUCED FROM INDUSTRIAL WOOD CHIPS AND SCOTS PINE (Pines sylvestris) CONES
Get PDFThis study investigated the potential use of Scots pine cones as an alternative raw material to larch wood chips for particle board production. Due to the increasing scarcity of forest resources, exploring alternative raw material for the forest industry has gained importance in in recent years. Particle boards were produced in laboratory conditions by blending industrial wood chips with Scots pine cones in varying proportions (25 %, 50 %, 75 % and 100 %) and usingr urea formaldehyde glue. The adhesice mixture contained 55 % urea formaldehyde glue and 33 % ammonium chloride as a hardener. Te production parameters included a press temperature of 150 degrees C, a press time was 7 minutes, and a press pressure of 2,4 MPa to 2,6 MPa. The resulting boards had a thickness of 16 mm and a density ranging from 730 kg/m3 to 740 kg/m3. Tests for thickness iswelling, water absorption, , bending strength, modulus of elasticity and tensile strength perpendicular to the surface were conducted. Results showed that the physical and mechanical properties of the boards containing up to 25 % Scots pine cone met the required standards