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Füruzan ve Samiha Ayverdi’nin Gezi Notlarından Balkan’a Tarihsel ve Kültürel Yolculuk
Get PDFThroughout history, the Balkans have come under the rule of numerous civilizations due to their strategic geographical location. This constant shift in political control has significantly contributed to the region’s cultural, religious, and ethnic diversity. The nearly five-century-long rule of the Ottoman Empire left a lasting legacy across the Balkan landscape, shaping everything from architecture and urban planning to social life and culinary traditions. These complex historical transfor-mations have resulted in a rich yet fragmented regional identity. Political instability, ethnic conflicts, and wars have at times threatened the region’s multicultural struc-ture, and at other times rendered it even more intricate. In tracing the layers of this multifaceted identity, travel literature serves as a valuable source of documentation. Balkan Yolcusu by Füruzan and Yeryüzünde Birkaç Adım by Samiha Ayverdi are two significant works that reveal both the historical and cultural heritage of the Balkans. Füruzan offers personal observations through her journeys to cities such as Skopje, Bitola, Mostar, Sofia, and Plovdiv, while Ayverdi recounts her travels in 1969, 1971, and 1972 through Bulgaria, Romania, Yugoslavia, Hungary, and Greece, reflecting on both the remnants of the Ottoman past and the impact of modern political regimes. This study aims to evaluate the historical identity, Ottoman legacy, and cultural continuity of the Balkans through the perspectives presented in the travel narratives of these two authors.Tarih boyunca birçok medeniyetin egemenliği altına giren Balkanlar, sahip olduğu stratejik konum nedeniyle sürekli el değiştirmiş ve bu durum bölgenin kültürel, dini ve etnik çeşitliliğini derinleştirmiştir. Osmanlı İmparatorluğu’nun yaklaşık beş asır süren hâkimiyeti, Balkan coğrafyasında kalıcı izler bırakmış; mimariden şehir planlamasına, sosyal yaşamdan mutfak kültürüne kadar pek çok alanda belirleyici olmuştur. Tüm bu tarihsel dönüşümler, Balkanlar’da zengin ancak aynı zamanda parçalanmış bir kimliğin oluşmasına neden olmuştur. Siyasi istikrarsızlıklar, etnik çatışmalar ve savaşlar, bölgedeki çok kültürlü yapıyı zaman zaman tehdit etmiş, zaman zaman da daha da karmaşık hâle getirmiştir. Bu çok katmanlı yapının izlerini sürmek açısından gezi yazıları önemli birer belge niteliği taşır. Füruzan’ın Balkan Yolcusu adlı eseri ile Samiha Ayverdi’nin Yeryüzünde Birkaç Adım adlı kitabı, Balkan coğrafyasının hem tarihî hem de kültürel mirasını gözler önüne seren iki önemli çalışmadır. Füruzan, Üsküp, Manastır, Mostar, Sofya, Filibe gibi şehirleri dolaşarak bireysel gözlemlerini aktarırken; Samiha Ayverdi, 1969, 1971 ve 1972 yıllarında gerçekleştirdiği Bulgaristan, Romanya, Yugoslavya, Macaristan ve Yunanistan seyahatlerinde hem Osmanlı’dan kalan izleri hem de yeni rejimlerin etkilerini yorumlar. Bu çalışmada, her iki yazarın bakış açısından hareketle Balkanlar’ın tarihsel kimliği, Osmanlı mirası ve kültürel sürekliliği üzerine bir değerlendirme yapılacaktır
Simpson-type inequalities for the functions with bounded second derivatives involving generalized fractional integrals
Get PDFIn this study, the above and below bounds for Simpson-type inequalities concerning generalized fractional integrals are established through functions with bounded second derivatives. In addition, we also determined inequalities for special cases of our results and provided examples of these cases with their graphical representations
Dystopia in children's literature: An analysis of dystopian elements in the 'Dünyanın Son İnsanları' series
Get PDFDistopya, karanlık temaları ve eleştirel bakış açısıyla çağdaş edebiyatta giderek daha fazla görünürlük kazanmaktadır. Ekolojik sorunlar, küresel siyasal krizler ve teknolojik gelişmelerin toplumsal yaşama etkileri, bu tür anlatıların yaygınlaşmasında etkili olmuştur. Son yıllarda çocuk edebiyatında da yer bulan distopik anlatılar, çocuklara yaşadıkları dünyayı ve olası gelecekleri sorgulama fırsatı sunmaktadır. Bu tez çalışmasında çocuklara yönelik kaleme alınmış iki çağdaş distopik eser olan Dünyanın Son İnsanları 1: Duvarın Ardı ve Dünyanın Son İnsanları 2: Palanka içerik analizi yöntemiyle incelenmiştir. Metinlerden elde edilen veriler özgün biçimde geliştirilen on altı maddelik çözümleme ölçütleri doğrultusunda analiz edilmiş; bu ölçütler Toplumsal ve Siyasal Yapının Bozulması, Bireyin Yozlaştırılması ve Yabancılaşması, Distopyada Mekânsal ve Teknolojik Kurgular ile Distopik Kurmacanın Eleştirel ve Uyarıcı İşlevi olmak üzere dört ana başlık altında yapılandırılmıştır. Araştırmada nitel araştırma deseni benimsenmiş, yazılı materyaller sistematik biçimde incelenerek temalar, kavramlar ve anlam örüntüleri ortaya çıkarılmıştır. Romanlardaki temalar, karakter yapıları, zaman, olay örgüsü ve mekân kurgusu distopya kuramı çerçevesinde yorumlanmış ve doğrudan alıntılarla desteklenmiştir. Elde edilen bulgular çizelgelerle desteklenerek sunulmuştur.Dystopia has been gaining increasing visibility in contemporary literature with its dark themes and critical perspective. Ecological problems, global political crises, and the impact of technological developments on social life have played a role in the spread of such narratives. In recent years, dystopian narratives have also found a place in children's literature, offering young readers an opportunity to question the world they live in and possible futures. In this thesis, two contemporary dystopian works written for children — Dünyanın Son İnsanları 1: Duvarın Ardı and Dünyanın Son İnsanları 2: Palanka — are examined through content analysis. The data obtained from the texts were analyzed based on a set of sixteen original analytical criteria, which were structured under four main categories: "The Breakdown of Social and Political Structures," "The Corruption and Alienation of the Individual," "Spatial and Technological Constructions in Dystopia," and "The Critical and Cautionary Function of Dystopian Fiction." A qualitative research design was adopted in the study. Written materials were systematically examined to reveal themes, concepts, and patterns of meaning. The themes, character structures, time, plot, and spatial design in the novels were interpreted within the framework of dystopian theory and supported with direct quotations. The findings were presented with the support of tables
Investigation of exercise-related leg pain, fear of pain, kinesiophobia, and injury anxiety in athletes
Get PDFBackground This study aimed to investigate the relationship between exercise-induced leg pain, fear of pain, kinesiophobia and injury anxiety in amateur and professional athletes. Secondarily, the present study also aimed to investigate the relationship between women or men athletes and individual or team sports. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted with a total of 304 athletes. Participants were categorized as amateur and professional athletes, male and female athletes, individual and team athletes. Participants were evaluated with Exercise Induced Leg Pain Questionnaire (EILP), Fear of Pain Questionnaire (FOPQ), Sports Injury Anxiety Scale (SIAS), and Tampa Scale of Kinesiophobia (TSK). Parametric tests were used for statistical analysis. A statistical significance level of 0.05 was chosen. Results Fear of pain and anxiety about sports injury were significantly less in men (p < 0.05). Loss of social support for sports injury anxiety was less in women (p < 0.05). Anxiety about sports re-injury was less in professional athletes (p < 0.05). Anxiety about letting down important Others and loss of social support were greater in team sports (p < 0.05). Besides, there was a positive, moderate, and significant correlation between the Fear of Pain Questionnaire- III Total and Tampa scale for kinesiophobia (r = 0.411, p < 0.01). Finally, a positive, moderate and significant correlation was found between Sport Injury Anxiety Scale Total and Tampa scale for kinesiophobia (r = 0.579, p < 0.01). Conclusion Exercise and movement were associated with psychological parameters related to injury and pain in athletes. Female athletes were found to have more injury anxiety and fear of pain. In addition, amateur athletes have more injury anxiety. Besides, injury anxiety was found to be higher in individuals in team sports. Future studies may further investigate these groups who are more disadvantaged in terms of anxiety, fear of pain and kinesiophobia. In addition, clinicians should pay attention to the criteria for a biopsychosocial approach by choosing appropriate descriptive phrases to avoid exacerbating athletes' anxiety
Tracking mechanical properties and UV/Vis/IR shielding effectiveness of ortorhombic FeBW nanostructures
Get PDFTodays, one of the biggest sources of environmental pollution is the pollution called electrosmog caused by electromagnetic fields (EMF) and electromagnetic radiation (EMR). This pollution, which continues to increase day by day, has reached levels that threaten human health and other living things, depending on its severity and duration of exposure. Herewith, the mechanical stability and processability promotes the prevalent usage of the material. The mechanical, electronic, optical, and thermal properties of FeBW have been theoretically investigated. All calculations are performed using density functional theory (DFT) within ab-initio framework. The computed elastic constants confirm the mechanical stability. The Poisson's ratio and Pugh's ratio indicate that FeBW is ductilte. In other words, high machinability index implies superior damage tolerance, making it suitable for industrial applications. The negative signs in Poisson ratio confirm the partial auxetic behavior along the Y-Z and Z-Y axes. Thermodynanic properties are briefly given. Furthermore, The magnetic phase evolves to ferrimagnetic (FiM) behavior when initially parallel spins having same values are assigned to iron atoms. FiM state originates from d orbitals of iron especially d(x)2-(y)2 of e(g). The frequency related shielding effectiveness (SE) is examined using dielectric function which is obtained from DFT calculations. Electromagnetic shielding ability of FeBW nanostructure is highlighted for [001], [010], [011], [100], [101], [110], [111] polarization directions resulting in a superior shielding performance at > 23 dB in all cases. Moreover, the best shielding performance (SE) shows up in the ultraviolet spectrum (UV). Thanks to the positive contribution of tungsten (W) to the mechanical properties of FeBW is an exciting material with superior SE performance, which can be used in a variety of applications, including those requiring high physical strength
Perceived Market Leadership and Customer Engagement for IT Companies in the Enterprise Software Market: Evaluating the Role of Social Media Marketing
Get PDFPurpose:This study evaluates the effectiveness of social media marketing (SMM) activities for IT companies (ITCs) in the enterprise software market. Specifically, it examines the impact of SMM activities on perceived market leadership and customer engagement while considering the moderating role of product category knowledge.Design/methodology/approach:A quantitative research design was employed, utilizing data collected from 322 users of customer relationship management (CRM) software who follow these companies on social media. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was used to test the proposed hypotheses and evaluate the relationships between SMM activities, perceived market leadership, and customer engagement.Findings:The results indicate that informativeness and customization in SMM activities significantly enhance perceived market leadership and customer engagement. Conversely, interaction and entertainment dimensions have limited impact. Perceived market leadership mediates the relationship between SMM activities and customer engagement. Moreover, product category knowledge strengthens the influence of informativeness on customer engagement.Originality/value:This study addresses a critical gap in the literature by exploring the role of SMM activities in B2B contexts, specifically in the enterprise software market, where research is limited. It provides actionable insights for ITCs, emphasizing the strategic importance of informative and tailored SMM approaches in establishing market leadership and fostering customer engagement
Design, Fabrication, and Evaluation of Hybrid Polycaprolactone/Graphene Scaffold Based on Additive Manufacturing and Electrospinning
Get PDFElectrospinning and additive manufacturing (AM) are key technologies for fabricating bone tissue engineering scaffolds, each with unique strengths and limitations. Electrospinning produces nanoscale fibers that promote cell attachment and affinity on 2D surfaces but offer limited mechanical strength. In contrast, AM creates 3D scaffolds with enhanced mechanical properties through precise control of topological structures, but the capability to stimulate and guide cell growth is limited compared to electrospun nanoscale fibers. Combining both methods holds potential for next-generation scaffold development with desirable mechanical and biological properties. This study investigates the fabrication of multi-scale and multi-material scaffolds by integrating extrusion-based AM and solution electrospinning. Polycaprolactone (PCL), a biocompatible and biodegradable polymer, served as the base material, while graphene nanosheets were incorporated as functional fillers to enhance mechanical, electrical, surface, and biological properties. Solution electrospinning was first optimized, and hybrid scaffolds were fabricated, with an image-based optimization method, obtaining 87% of the fibres well-aligned with the designed direction. Optimal scaffold composition (PCL nanofibers with 1 wt.% graphene + PCL microfibers with 3 wt.% graphene) was also identified based on 2D mesh characterization results (186% enhancement of the mechanical property and 23% enhancement of the cell proliferation result, compared with neat PCL). The findings demonstrate the potential of this hybrid fabrication approach for developing advanced polymer-carbon nanomaterial scaffolds for bone tissue regeneration applications.Rosetrees Trust UK [CF-2023-I-2\103]University of ManchesterSao Paulo Research FoundationMinistry of National Education of the Republic of Turkey (T.C.MEB)The authors wish to acknowledge Rosetrees Trust UK for the Continuation Funding (Ref: CF-2023-I-2\103), and the funding from SPRINT Joint Research Scheme between The University of Manchester and The Sao Paulo Research Foundation. Mustafa Tugrul Ucan would like to acknowledge the funding from the Ministry of National Education of the Republic of Turkey (T.C.MEB)
The effect of systems thınkıng approach on 6th grade students' academıc achıevement and systems thınkıng skılls
Get PDFBu araştırmanın amacı, 6. sınıf fen bilimleri dersi "Vücudumuzdaki Sistemler ve Sağlığı" ünitesinin öğretiminde kullanılan sistem düşüncesi araçlarının, öğrencilerin akademik başarıları ve sistem düşüncesi becerileri üzerindeki etkisini incelemektir. Araştırmada, iç içe geçmiş karma araştırma deseni benimsenmiştir. Nicel boyutta, ön test-son test kontrol gruplu yarı deneysel model; nitel boyutta ise durum çalışması modeli kullanılmıştır. Nicel veriler, "Vücudumuzdaki Sistemler ve Sağlığı Ünitesi Başarı Testi (VSSÜBT)" ile; nitel veriler ise "Ergenlik Dönemi Bağlamında Sistem Düşüncesi Becerileri Soruları" aracılığıyla toplanmıştır. Araştırmanın çalışma grubunu, 2023-2024 eğitim-öğretim yılında Düzce Merkez ilçede bulanan bir okuldan, benzer özelliklere sahip 30'ar kişilik iki sınıf oluşturmaktadır. Deney grubunda dersler, sistem düşüncesi araçları entegre edilmiş 5E öğrenme modeliyle; kontrol grubunda ise yalnızca 5E öğrenme modeliyle işlenmiştir. Nicel veriler SPSS 25 programında ANOVA testiyle; nitel veriler ise geliştirilen bir rubrik doğrultusunda değerlendirilmiştir. Araştırma sonucunda, deney grubunun akademik başarı ortalamasının daha yüksek olduğu görülmüş; ancak gruplar arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir fark bulunmamıştır. Ergenlik dönemi bağlamında, analiz düzeyine karşılık gelen "sistem içindeki bileşenleri ve süreçleri tanımlama" becerisinde hem deney hem de kontrol grubu öğrencilerinin çoğu bedensel, duygusal ve sosyal bileşenleri belirleyerek en yüksek seviyeye ulaşmıştır. Sentez ve uygulama düzeyindeki becerilere ilişkin değerlendirmelerde ise, sentez düzeyindeki üç beceri (bileşenler arası basit ilişkileri belirleme, dinamik etkileşimleri düzenleyebilme, döngüsel yapıyı kavrayabilme) ve uygulama düzeyindeki bir beceri (geçmişe bakarak tahmin yapabilme) açısından deney grubu öğrencilerin daha yüksek beceri seviyelerinde oldukları bulunmuştur. Öte yandan, dinamik etkileşimleri belirleme, genelleme yapabilme ve örtük boyutları fark edebilme becerilerinde iki gruptaki öğrencilerin beceri seviyeleri benzerdir. Sonuç olarak, sistem düşüncesi becerilerinin ergenlik gibi karmaşık süreçlerin anlaşılmasında etkili olduğu ve sistem düşüncesi araçlarının bu becerileri geliştirmede önemli rol oynadığı ortaya konmuştur. Anahtar Sözcükler: 5E Öğrenme Modeli, Fen Eğitimi, Sistem Düşüncesi Araçları, Sistem Düşüncesi Yaklaşımı, Vücudumuzdaki Sistemler ve Sağlığı ÜnitesiThe purpose of this study is to examine the effect of systems thinking tools used in the teaching of the 6th grade Science course "Systems in Our Body and Health" unit on students' academic achievement and systems thinking skills. In the study, a mixed research design was adopted. A quasi-experimental with pretest-posttest control group design was used; in the qualitative manner, a case study design was used. Quantitative data were collected through the "Systems in Our Body and Health Unit Achievement Test"; qualitative data were collected through the "Systems Thinking Skills Questions in the Context of Adolescence". The study group consisted of two intact classes of 30 students. Data collected in the 2023-2024 academic year. In the experimental group, the lessons were taught with the 5E learning model with integrated systems thinking tools; in the control group, the lessons were taught only with the 5E learning model. Quantitative data were analyzed with ANOVA test in SPSS 25 program; qualitative data were evaluated according to a rubric developed. As a result of the research, the average academic achievement of the experimental group was higher; however, no statistically significant difference was found between the groups. The skill of "identifying the components and processes within the system", which corresponds to the analysis level, most of the students in both the experimental and control groups reached the highest level by identifying physical, emotional and social components. In the evaluations related to synthesis and implementation level skills, significant differences were obtained in favor of the experimental group in terms of three synthesis level skills (identifying simple relationships between components, organizing dynamic interactions, understanding cyclical structure) and one implementation level skill (thinking temporally: retrospection and prediction). On the other hand, the level of identifying dynamic interactions, making generalizations and recognizing hidden dimensions skills were similar in both groups. As a result, it was revealed that systems thinking skills are effective in understanding complex processes such as adolescence and the system thinking tools plays an important role in developing these skills
The role of tranexamic acid and cryotherapy on acute postoperative pain and blood loss: a randomized controlled study following total knee arthroplasty
Get PDFPurpose Blood loss and pain management are significant concerns in total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Tranexamic acid (TA) and cryotherapy have been used separately to address these issues, but their comparative effectiveness is not well studied. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of intravenous TA and cryotherapy in reducing blood loss and improving clinical outcomes after TKA. Methods A randomized controlled trial with 76 patients assigned to three groups: Group 1 received pre- and postoperative cryotherapy, Group 2 received intravenous tranexamic acid (TA), and Group 3 (control) received a standard cold pack. Hemoglobin (Hb), hematocrit (Hct), prothrombin time, international normalized ratio (INR), knee flexion and extension angles, and visual analog scale (VAS) pain scores were monitored preoperatively and postoperatively at 6, 24, and 48 h. Results The mean age of patients was 65 +/- 7 years. The tranexamic acid group showed significantly lower blood loss compared to the control group (p < 0.001). Knee flexion and extension angles were significantly better in the cryotherapy group compared to the control group (p < 0.001). VAS pain scores were significantly lower in the cryotherapy group at all time points compared to both the tranexamic acid and control groups (p < 0.001). Conclusion Both tranexamic acid and cryotherapy are effective in reducing blood loss and improving clinical outcomes following TKA. Tranexamic acid significantly reduces blood loss, while cryotherapy effectively manages postoperative pain and range of motion. These methods can enhance patient recovery after TKA
Evaluation of ecotourism potential of Karasu Rriver Basin in Bilecik province and development of landscape management
Get PDFDoğal alanların kaynak değerlerini korurken yerel halkın çıkarlarını da göz önünde bulunduran ekoturizm, Türkiye'de ve dünyada gün geçtikçe ilgi görmeye başlayan alternatif turizm çeşitlerinden biri haline gelmiştir. Sürdürülebilir kalkınmanın bir ürünü olarak ortaya çıkan ve kırsal alanlarda planlanan ekoturizm, doğa temelli bir yaklaşımdır ve birçok bileşeni bünyesinde barındırmaktadır. 2023 Türkiye Turizm Stratejisi kapsamında önemli tematik koridorları içeren Bilecik ili, büyükşehirlere yakınlığı ve ulaşım kolaylığı nedeniyle çalışma alanı olarak seçilmiştir. Bu tez çalışmasında doğal ve kültürel peyzaj değerleri açısından oldukça zengin bir alan olan Bilecik İli ekoturizm potansiyelinin ilin içinde yer aldığı Karasu Nehri Havzası'nın mikro havzaları düzeyinde bir yaklaşım çerçevesinde değerlendirilmesi gerçekleştirilmiştir. Literatür araştırmaları, peyzaj bilgi sisteminin oluşturulması, peyzaj analizlerinin gerçekleştirilmesi, bulguların değerlendirilmesi, sonuç ve önerilerin geliştirilmesi olarak beş aşmalı bir süreç izlenmiştir. Ekoturizm potansiyelinin belirlenebilmesi için, Hızlı Kırsal Değerlendirme, Ekoturizm fırsat spektrumu (Ecos), Güçlü, zayıf, fırsat ve olanaklar (Swot Analizi) yöntemi ile Çevresel Koridorlar Yönteminin farklı katmanlarda bütünleştirilmesini içeren bir yöntem yaklaşımı kurgulanmıştır. Karasu Nehri Havzası içinde yer alan 4 ilçe, 16 hidrolojik mikro havza içindeki 71 adet köy muhtarından 50 si, 32 kurum yetkilisinden 16 sı ile belirlenen yöntem yaklaşımı içerisinde birebir değerlendirmeler gerçekleştirilmiştir. Bu bağlamda paydaş katılımı açısından çalışmanın yöntemi ön plana çıkmıştır. Gerçekleştirilen peyzaj analizlerinde sözlü ve sayısal verilerin mekânsal olarak ifade edilmesi gerçekleştirilmiş, mikro havzalar düzeyinde ve köyler düzeyinden ekoturizm potansiyeli haritaları oluşturulmuştur. Elde edilen veriler 16 mikrohavza özelinde ayrı ayrı değerlendirilerek çalışma alanının ekoturizm potansiyeli ortaya konulmuş ve bazı stratejiler geliştirilmiştir. Stratejilerin uygulanması aşamasında, sürdürülebilir ekoturizm stratejilerine ilişkin etkili paydaşların bir tanımı yapılarak olası peyzaj yönetim stratejilerine ilişkin bir yaklaşım ortaya konulmuştur. Sonuç olarak, sosyal ve mekânsal analiz sonuçlarının bütünleştirildiği ekoturizm belirleme ve değerlendirme yöntem yaklaşımının farklı ölçeklerde kullanılabilir olacağı ve karar vericilere destek amaçlı kullanılacağı ortaya konulmuştur.Ecotourism, which protects the resource values of natural areas while also taking into account the interests of the local people, has become one of the alternative tourism types that are gaining interest in Turkey and the world. Ecotourism, which emerged as a product of sustainable development and is planned in rural areas, is a nature-based approach and includes many components. Bilecik province, which includes important thematic corridors within the scope of the 2023 Turkey Tourism Strategy, was selected as the study area due to its proximity to metropolitan cities and ease of transportation. In this thesis study, the ecotourism potential of Bilecik Province, which is a very rich area in terms of natural and cultural landscape values, was evaluated within the framework of an approach at the micro-basin level of the Karasu River Basin, where the province is located. A five-stage process was followed as literature research, creation of a landscape information system, carrying out landscape analyses, evaluation of findings, and development of results and suggestions. In order to determine the ecotourism potential, a method approach that includes the integration of Rapid Rural Appraisal, Ecotourism opportunity spectrum (Ecos), Strong, weak, opportunity and possibilities (Swot Analysis) method and Environmental Corridors Method at different layers has been designed. One-to-one evaluations were carried out within the determined method approach with 50 of 71 village headmen and 16 of 32 institution officials in 4 districts and 16 hydrological micro basins within the Karasu River Basin. In this context, the method of the study came to the fore in terms of stakeholder participation. In the landscape analyses carried out, spatial expression of verbal and numerical data was carried out, ecotourism potential maps were created at the level of micro basins and villages. The obtained data were evaluated separately for 16 micro basins, the ecotourism potential of the study area was revealed and some strategies were developed. In the implementation phase of the strategies, a definition of effective stakeholders regarding sustainable ecotourism strategies was made and an approach was put forward regarding possible landscape management strategies. As a result, it has been revealed that the ecotourism determination and evaluation method approach, which integrates the results of social and spatial analysis, can be used at different scales and will be used to support decision makers