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A systematic review of studies on effective schools between 2000 and 2024
Get PDFBu tezin amacı etkili okul konusunda 2000-2024 yılları arası ulusal ve uluslararası alanda yayınlanan tez ve makaleleri sistematik analiz yöntemiyle incelemektir. İncelenen bu tez ve makalelere ulusal ve uluslararası veri tabanlarından ulaşılmıştır. Bu çalışmalar amaç, yıl, örneklem, yöntem, eğitim kademeleri, düzeyleri, sonuç ve önerilerine göre sistematik analize tabi tutulmuştur. Sonuç olarak hem ulusal hem uluslararası alanda yapılan çalışmalarda en çok kullanılan kavram olarak liderlik ön plana çıkmaktadır. Tezlerin büyük çoğunluğunda nitel yöntem kullanılmıştır. Makalelerde örneklem grubu olarak çoğunlukla öğretmenlerle çalışılmıştır. Hem makale hem tez sayılarında son 10 yılda dikkat çekici bir artış gözlenmiştir. Uluslararası yayınlanan makalelerde en çok etkili okul ortamından bahsedilmiştir. 2000 yılından günümüze kadar yapılan ulaşılabilir olan bütün araştırmalar teze veri sağlamıştır. Söz konusu bu tez ve makalelerin incelenerek analizinin yapılmasının alanyazına katkı sağlayacağına inanılmaktadır. Gelecekte bu alanda çalışma yapacak araştırmacılar, etkili okul konusundaki çalışmalara bu tezde derli toplu bir biçimde ulaşabileceklerdir. Birçok araştırmacı yaptığı çalışmalarda etkili okulun farklı özellikleri üzerine yoğunlaşmış ve farklı boyutlarına değinmiştir. Etkili okul ile ilgili birçok tez ve makale yazılmasına karşın tam olarak ortak bir tanım yapılamamıştır. En yaygın olarak etkili okul için, hedeflerine ulaşabilmiş okuldur şeklinde tanım yapılabilmektedir.The purpose of this thesis is to systematically analyze theses and articles published at national and international levels on the concept of effective schools between 2000 and 2024. The studies analyzed were accessed through national and international databases. These works were subjected to systematic analysis based on their purpose, publication year, sample, methodology, educational levels, findings, and Recommendations. As a result, leadership has emerged as the most frequently emphasized concept in both national and international studies. The majority of the theses employed qualitative research methods, while the articles primarily focused on teachers as the sample group. A notable increase in the number of both theses and articles has been observed over the last decade. In internationally published articles, the concept of an effective school environment has been most frequently discussed. All accessible studies conducted since 2000 were included as data sources for this thesis. It is believed that the examination and analysis of these theses and articles will contribute significantly to the literature. Many researchers have focused on different characteristics of effective schools and addressed various dimensions of the concept. Despite the large number of theses and articles written on effective schools, a common and unified definition has yet to be established. However, the most commonly accepted definition describes an effective school as one that is able to achieve its goals
Synergistic fusion of carbazole, quinoline, and chalcone scaffolds: A computational and experimental exploration of hybrid compounds as selective anticancer agents
Get PDFNovel carbazole-quinoline-chalcone hybrids (nQCC1-4) were synthesized via Claisen-Schmidt condensation and evaluated against AGS gastric adenocarcinoma cells. The most potent compound, 1QCC-1, exhibited significant antiproliferative activity (IC50 values of 19.11 mu g/mL and 7.91 mu g/mL at 24 h and 48 h). Compounds 1QCC-4, 1QCC-3, and 2QCC-2 demonstrated comparable cytotoxic efficacy against AGS cells. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations revealed substituent-dependent electronic properties, with chloro-quinoline derivatives displaying enhanced electrophilicity (omega = 13.745-14.157 eV) and reduced HOMO-LUMO gaps (Delta E = 3.304-3.347 eV), correlating with improved bioactivity profiles. Molecular docking studies identified robust binding interactions with oncogenic targets, MAPK1 p38 kinase, HER2, and RhoA, with 1QCC-4 exhibiting superior binding affinity for HER2 (Delta G = -12.05 kcal/mol, IC50 = 1.48 nM) through hydrogen bonding with Lys114 and it-alkyl interactions with Leu156. ADMET profiling highlighted favorable drug-likeness parameters despite solubility challenges (LogS = -7.846 to -6.291) and potential CYP450 inhibition. Non-covalent interaction (NCI-RDG) and molecular electrostatic potential (MEP) analyses elucidated key stabilizing interactions and nucleophilic/electrophilic hotspots. These hybrids represent a strategic integration of natural product pharmacophores, leveraging synergistic electronic and steric effects for selective kinase inhibition, positioning them as promising leads for targeted gastric cancer therapy.Duzce University Scientific Research Projects Unit [2025.05.03.1579]This study was financially supported by Duzce University Scientific Research Projects Unit (Project number: 2025.05.03.1579)
From waste to resource: Transforming waste carbon felt into efficient cathodes for circular economy practices
Get PDFThis study investigates the enhanced electrical conductivity of waste carbon felt (CF) which is coated with Polyaniline (PANi) through chemical oxidative polymerization, for its potential use as a cathode in electrooxidation (EO) processes. Optimum polymerization conditions were determined to be 1 M HCl dopant, a monomer-oxidant ratio of 1:1.5, and a temperature of 5 degrees C. Under these conditions, the CF/PANi electrode exhibited a 55 % mass gain and a 79 % resistance reduction compared to the CF. A Ti/TiO2-RuO2-IrO2 electrode was prepared by spray coating as an anode in the EO. In EO experiments with real textile wastewater samples containing different initial COD values, the COD removal efficiency of the cathode coated with PANi under optimal conditions increased by an average of 64 % compared to raw carbon felt, with an average removal efficiency of 96 %. Moreover, after 12 cycles, efficiency dropped by only 2 %, proving its high reusability and industrial potential
Adenoid hypertrophy detection inventory in children for primary care physicians and pediatricians
Get PDFObjective Adenoid tissue consists of clusters of lymphoid tissue within the nasopharynx and can cause symptoms due to obstruction when hypertrophied. The gold standard for diagnosis is endoscopic nasopharyngoscopy, but it is not always readily available. This study aims to develop an inventory that primary care physicians and pediatricians can use to predict the degree of adenoid hypertrophy clinically, facilitating the planning of patient follow-up and treatment. Study designA diagnostic test study. Settingstertiary referral hospital. Methods The study involved 123 cases, with 82 in the patient group and 41 in the control group. Evaluation encompassed demographic characteristics, history, and physical examination findings. Additionally, a child psychiatrist assessed cases neurocognitively, behaviorally, and psychologically. Finally, cases underwent endoscopic nasopharyngoscopy by an ENT specialist, recording adenoid sizes and choanae narrowing. Multinomial Logistic Regression (MLR) analysis determined the most suitable model for the clinical inventory. Results Snoring, restless sleep, noisy breathing, recurrent throat infections, and recurrent rhinosinusitis constitute the items of the clinical inventory. The average score of relevant items categorized patients into absent and mild, moderate, and severe groups. The area under the ROC curve for average scores of the inventory was 0.67, significantly surpassing the probability of random assignment (0.17). The inventory's accuracy rate was 70%. Conclusion This user-friendly and highly accurate inventory aids in predicting obstruction degree in patients. Primary care physicians and pediatricians can effectively manage follow-up and treatment, referring cases requiring surgery to an ENT specialist based on the inventory results.Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkiye (TUBITAK)Open access funding provided by the Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkiye (TUBITAK)
Treatment of silicate Ion with Bacillus subtilis bacteria in demineralization-water/steam cycles in power plants
Get PDFInorganic silica and various mineral deposits are particularly important in the process waters of power plants. The presence of these inorganic species, especially silica, poses many challenges for process water applications in power plants. If silica in process waters is not controlled, it forms hard, difficult, and dangerous deposits for process water. Silica formation and accumulation cannot be prevented by many conventional methods and scale inhibitors. In this study, Bacillus subtilis bacteria was used to minimize silica formation in the process water of power plants. For this purpose, many different parameters were optimized in the system steps. The results obtained are promising for the use of silica removal in process water applications. In addition, the use of Bacillus subtilis bacteria for the treatment of process water will provide significant economic benefits. Therefore, this study will make an important contribution to the literature and will be very advantageous in terms of cost for various industrial organizations that face silica problems in process waters
Boric Acid Suppresses Glioblastoma Cellular Survival by Regulating Ferroptosis via SOX10/GPx4/ACSL4 Signalling and Iron Metabolism
Get PDFFerroptosis, a distinct form of regulated cell death, plays a role in glioma pathogenesis. SRY-box (SOX) transcription factors are key regulators of cancer progression. In this study, we investigated the role of SOX10 in ferroptosis induction in U87 cells following boric acid treatment. First, the cytotoxic effects of boric acid on HMC3 and U87 cells were assessed using CCK8 and BrdU incorporation assays. Subsequently, SOX10, GPX4, ACSL4, GSH, MDA, total ROS, Fe2+, and TFR levels were analysed using ELISA, Western blot, and RT-PCR techniques. Additionally, DAPI staining was performed to evaluate nuclear abnormalities. According to the CCK8 analysis, the IC50 value for boric acid was determined to be 3.12 mM for HMC3 cells and 532 mu M for U87 cells, a finding further supported by BrdU incorporation analysis, which indicated that U87 cells were more sensitive to boric acid. Western blot and RT-PCR analyses revealed that SOX10 expression was significantly higher in U87 cells compared to HMC3 cells. Boric acid treatment led to a reduction in GSH, GPX4, and SOX10 levels in U87 cells, while inducing an increase in MDA, total ROS, ACSL4, Fe2+, and TFR levels. Moreover, microscopic analysis demonstrated that boric acid treatment induced both morphological and nuclear abnormalities in U87 cells. In conclusion, our findings demonstrate that SOX10 is involved in the ferroptosis signalling pathway and that boric acid effectively suppresses U87 cell viability by targeting the SOX10/GPX4/ACSL4 axis
Patient-Reported Outcomes of Microfracture, Nanofracture, and K-Wire Drilling in Talus Osteochondral Lesions
No full textBackground/Objectives: Different patient-reported outcomes and radiological results are reported depending on whether microfracture, drilling, or nanofracture is utilized in the arthroscopic treatment of talus osteochondral lesions, but the first-line treatment is still controversial. The aim of this study is to evaluate the early patient-reported outcomes of microfracture, nanofracture, and antegrade drilling methods in talus anteromedial osteochondral lesions. Methods: A total of 77 patients who presented with ankle pain between October 2016 and June 2022, were diagnosed with talus osteochondral lesions, and underwent microfracture (n: 27), nanofracture (n: 25), and K-wire drilling (n: 25) were included. Demographic data of the patients were evaluated, such as age, gender, lesion side, dominant extremity, body mass index (BMI), smoking status, smoking (pack/day-year), and symptom duration. Patient-reported outcomes of the patients were evaluated with VAS (visual analog scale) and AOFAS (American Orthopedic Foot & Ankle Society) scores measured before surgery and at 6 and 12 months after surgery. The results were evaluated at the significance level of p < 0.05. Results: There were no statistically significant differences among the microfracture, nanofracture, and drilling groups in terms of age, gender, lesion side, dominant extremity, BMI, smoking, or daily cigarette use (p = 0.121, p = 0.852, p = 0.956, p = 0.731, p = 0.881, p = 0.769, p = 0.124). Similarly, the mean duration of symptoms did not differ significantly between the groups (p = 0.336). Although AOFAS and VAS scores significantly improved in all groups (p = 0.0001), there were no statistically significant differences between the microfracture, nanofracture, and drilling groups at preoperative, 6th-, and 12th-month measuring points. The microfracture group showed a significantly higher AOFAS improvement from preop to 6 months compared to the other groups (p = 0.012), though no differences were found between nanofracture and drilling or in 12-month changes. VAS percentage changes showed no significant differences among groups at either time point. Conclusions: All treatment groups had similar baseline characteristics and outcomes, with the microfracture group showing a greater functional improvement at 6 months
Can Electric Vehicle Charging Stations Be Carbon Neutral With Solar Renewables?
Get PDFIn line with sustainable energy and environmental targets, the share of electric vehicles in the automobile market is expected to reach 80%. On the other hand, unplanned electric vehicle charging station installation for EV charging demands and high dependency rates on the distribution grid may adversely affect grid reliability, energy costs, and environmental targets. This article investigates whether electric vehicle charging stations can achieve carbon neutrality through strategic techno-economic integration with solar renewables. Furthermore, an exhaustive analysis investigated achieving carbon neutrality via integrating energy storage systems with photovoltaics, factoring in investment costs and carbon taxes. The findings indicate a significant potential for reducing grid dependency by up to 54.3%. Implementing a more stringent carbon tax has facilitated a notable enhancement in energy storage system capacity, increasing the self-consumption rate by 72% and declining carbon emissions by 25.55%. Self-consumption decreases by 30% during high charging demand in the morning and evening hours, leading to increased dependency on the grid and emphasizing the critical requirement for improved strategies to reduce carbon emissions. Despite the significant investment required for energy storage systems, a gradual increase in carbon taxes has effectively reduced the grid's dependency by up to 34.7%. Moreover, decreases in storage costs can increase the decline in grid dependency by an additional 18%. Despite the integration of energy storage systems, the ambitious zero carbon target remains unattainable due to the existing installation area constraints of EV charging stations. This study can help policies that align with global efforts to mitigate climate change, enhance energy security, optimize costs, drive technological innovation, and meet increasing demands for sustainable policies
ON GENERALIZED CONFORMABLE FRACTIONAL CALCULUS ON TIME SCALES WITH APPLICATION TO A FRACTIONAL NONLOCAL THERMISTOR PROBLEM
Get PDFIn this paper, we give a new general definition of conformable fractional derivative and integral on time scales, and study some of their important classical properties. As an application, the existence of solutions for the conformable fractional nonlo cal thermistor problem on time scales is studied by using the Banach contraction principle and Schauder's fixed point theorem
Detection of optic nerve hypoplasia disease using deep learning
Get PDFİnsan retinal görüntülerinden optik disk konumunun doğru tespiti ve değerlendirilmesi, özellikle optik sinir hipoplazisi (ONH) gibi doğumsal anomalilerin erken teşhisinde kritik öneme sahiptir. Bu doktora çalışmasında, ONH'nin erken teşhisi için evrişimsel sinir ağları tabanlı özgün bir derin öğrenme sistemi geliştirilmiştir. ONH teşhisinde retinal görüntülerden optik disk ve foveanın tespiti, doğru ölçümü ve değerlendirilmesi kritik öneme sahiptir. ONH için ilk defa önerilen bu otomatik teşhis yaklaşımı, ResNet-18 ön öğretimli kodlayıcı ve U-Net mimarisinin birleşimiyle oluşturulan derin öğrenme modelini kullanmaktadır. Önerilen sistem, gradyan iniş optimizasyonu ve çoklu ölçekli özellik çıkarımı sayesinde geleneksel yöntemlerin karşılaştığı ışıklandırma farklılıkları, bulanık sınırlar ve damar örtüşmeleri gibi zorlukların üstesinden gelmektedir. Geliştirilen model, uluslararası Messidor, IDRID, DIARETDB1, HRF, DRIVE ve APTOS veri setleri üzerinde kapsamlı testlere tabi tutulmuş ve hem optik disk hem de fovea segmentasyonunda başarılı sonuçlar elde edilmiştir. Model performansını klinik koşullarda da değerlendirmek amacıyla Düzce Üniversitesi Göz Hastalıkları Anabilim Dalı'ndan alınan retinal görüntülerle ONH-NET adlı özgün bir veri seti oluşturulmuş ve sistemin gerçek klinik vakalardaki performansı doğrulanmıştır. Çalışmanın en önemli katkısı, optik disk çapı ve makula merkezi arası mesafe oranlarını otomatik olarak hesaplayarak ONH teşhisinde %99,58 başarı elde etmesidir. Sistem, klinisyenlere manuel ölçüm ve hesaplamalara gerek kalmadan, hızlı, objektif ve güvenilir bir karar destek mekanizması sunmaktadır. Optik disk ve fovea tespitinin yanı sıra, makula sınırlarının belirlenmesi ve ONH için kritik morfometrik ölçümlerin otomatik gerçekleştirilmesi, bu çalışmayı literatürdeki benzer çalışmalardan ayırmaktadır. Bu tez, retinal görüntüleme ve derin öğrenme alanlarındaki yenilikçi yaklaşımları birleştirerek, klinik uygulamalarda kullanılabilir bir çözüm sunmakta ve oftalmoloji alanına önemli katkılar sağlamaktadır.The accurate localization and evaluation of the optic disc position in human retinal images is critical for the early diagnosis of congenital anomalies such as optic nerve hypoplasia (ONH). This doctoral research presents a novel deep learning-based system utilizing convolutional neural networks for the early detection of ONH. The precise localization, measurement, and evaluation of the optic disc and fovea in retinal images are essential for ONH diagnosis. This automated diagnostic approach, proposed for the first time for ONH, leverages a deep learning model that combines a ResNet-18 pre-trained encoder with the U-Net architecture. The proposed system overcomes challenges associated with traditional methods, such as variations in illumination, blurred boundaries, and vascular occlusions, through gradient descent optimization and multi-scale feature extraction. The developed model has undergone extensive testing on international datasets, including Messidor, IDRID, DIARETDB1, HRF, DRIVE, and APTOS, achieving high performance in both optic disc and fovea segmentation. To evaluate its clinical applicability, an original dataset named ONH-NET was created using retinal images collected from the Department of Ophthalmology at Duzce University. The system's performance on real clinical cases was thoroughly validated. The most significant contribution of this study is achieving %99,58 accuracy in ONH diagnosis by automatically calculating the ratios of optic disc diameter to macular center distance. The system offers clinicians a fast, objective, and reliable decision support mechanism, eliminating the need for manual measurements and calculations. In addition to optic disc and fovea localization, the automatic determination of macular boundaries and critical morphometric measurements for ONH further distinguishes this study from similar works in the literature. By integrating innovative approaches in retinal imaging and deep learning, this doctoral thesis provides a practical solution for clinical applications and makes significant contributions to the field of ophthalmology