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Retrospective analysis of endoscopy and colonoscopy procedures performed on patients in the Internal Medicine Intensive Care Unit
Full text linkBu retrospektif çalışma, dahiliye yoğun bakım ünitesine yatırılan, endoskopi ve kolonoskopi girişimi yapılan hastaların klinik ve demografik verilerini incelemek amacıyla yapılmıştır. Bu amaç doğrultusunda çalışmaya 1 Ocak 2013-30 Aralık 2023 tarihleri arasında dahili yoğun bakım ünitesin'de (DYBÜ) takip edilen 158 hasta alınmıştır. Hastaların yaşları 18-98 arasında değişmekte olup yaş ortalaması 69,8±15,0 idi. Çalışmaya dahil edilen hastaların %60,1'i erkek, %39,9'u kadındı. Hastaların 82'sinde (%51,9) hipertansiyon, 53'ünde (%33,5) diyabetes mellitus, 45'inde (%28,5) koroner arter hastalığı, 25'inde (%15,2) konjestif kalp yetmezliği, 24'ünde (%12,7) kronik böbrek hasarı, 20'sinde (%12,7) kronik obstrüktif akciğer ve 18'inde (%11,4) siroz hastalığı komorbid hastalıkları vardı. Hastaların 61'i (%38,6) gastrointestinal sistem kanaması (GİS), 40'ı (%25,3) pnömoni, 27'si (%17) septisemi, 11'i (%7,0) serebrovasküler olay, 7'si (%4,4) postoperatif takip ve 12'si (%10,6) diğer nedenlerden DYBÜ'ye yatışı yapılmış. Çalışmaya dahil edilen hastaların DYBÜ'ye giriş Glaskow koma skalası (GKS) ortalaması 9,0±4,1, yoğun bakıma giriş ardışık organ yetmezliği değerlendirme skoru (SOFA- Sequential Organ Failure Assessment Score) ortalaması 9,2±3,7, akut fizyoloji ve kronik sağlık değerlendirmesi II skoru (APACHE II- Acute Physiology and Choronic Heath Evaluation II) ortalaması 32,7±9,8 olarak saptanmıştır. Çalışmaya dahil edilen hastaların 132'sine (%83,5) endoskopi, 11'ine (%7) kolonoskopi, 15'ine (%9,5) endoskopi-kolonoskopi işlemi yapılmıştır. Çalışmamızda, endoskopi-kolonoskopi işlemlerinin en sık yapılma endikasyonu gastrointestinal sistem (GİS) kanaması (%77,2) olarak saptanmıştır. Diğer endoskopi-kolonoskopi endikasyonlar ise perkütan enteral gastrostomi işlemi (%13,9), obstrüksiyon (%7,6), trakea-özofagus fistülü (%0,6), ve koroziv madde (%0,6) alımıydı. Hastaların 134'ünde (%85) endoskopi-kolonoskopi klinik bulgusu saptanmış olup bunların 48'inde (%35,8) melena, 17'sinde hemotokezya (%12,7), 13'ünde (%9,7) hematemez, 13'ünde (%9,7) kahve telvesi kusma, 11'inde (%8,2) nazogastrik sondada kan gelmesi, 29'unda da (%21,6) diğer endoskopi-kolonoskopi klinik bulguları vardı. Endoskopi ve kolonoskopi işlemlerinde en sık saptanan bulgular özofagusta varisler (%38,8), midede mide ülseri (%35,2) , eroziv gastrit (%35,2) ve duodenumda duodenal ülser (%82,1) idi. Hastaların 83'üne (%52) endoskopik-kolonoskopik terapötik işlem uygulanmıştır. Bunların 45'ine (%28,5) koterizasyon, 11'ine (%7) band ligasyonu, 7'sine (%4,4) skleroterapi, 6'sına (%3,8) stent, 14'üne (%8,9) de diğer terapötik işlemler uygulanmıştır. Hastalarda 28 günlük mortalite oranı %47,5, 3. ay mortalite %53,2, 1. yıl mortalite %56,5 idi. Pnömoni tanısı ile DYBÜ'ye yatırılan hastaların (%25,3), ölüm oranı (%36,0) diğer tanılara kıyasla yüksek olduğu saptanmakla birlikte yatış tanısıyla ile DYBÜ'den taburculuk durumu arasındaki ilişki saptanmadı (p>0,05). Yoğun bakımda ölen hastalarda giriş GKS (yaşayan, 11,2±4,0; ölen 7,6±3,4; p=0,016) skorunun yaşayan hastalara kıyasla anlamlı şekilde daha düşük olduğu görüldü. Yoğun bakımda ölen hastalarda giriş APACHE II skorunun (yaşayan, 27,8±9,0; ölen 39,7±5,5; p0,05), endoskopi-kolonoskopi terapötik işlem türü (p=0,776) ve DYBÜ'de tekrarlayan endoskopi-kolonoskopi işlem durumu (p=0,346) yaşayan hastalarara benzer bulundu.This retrospective study examined the clinical and demographic data of patients admitted to the internal medicine intensive care unit (ICU) who underwent endoscopy and colonoscopy. A total of 158 patients were included from January 1, 2013, to December 30, 2023. The mean age of the patients was 69.8 years with a standard deviation of ±15.0 years. Among the participants, 60.1% were male and 39.9% were female. Comorbidities among the patients included hypertension (51.9%), diabetes mellitus (33.5%), coronary artery disease (28.5%), congestive heart failure (15.2%), chronic kidney disease (12.7%), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (12.7%) and cirrhosis (11.4 %). Of the patients, 61 (38.6%) were admitted to the ICU due to gastrointestinal bleeding (GIS), 40 (25.3%) due to pneumonia, 27 (17%) due to septicemia, 11 (7.0%) due to cerebrovascular accident, 7 (4.4%) due to postoperative follow-up, and 12 (10.6%) due to other reasons. The mean Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score at admission was 9.0 (±4.1), the mean Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score was 9.2 (±3.7), and the mean Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II (APACHE II) score was 32.7 (±9.8). Of the patients included in the study, 132 (83.5%) underwent endoscopy, 11 (7%) underwent colonoscopy, and 15 (9.5%) underwent both procedures. The most common indication for these procedures was gastrointestinal system (GIS) bleeding, accounting for 77.2% of cases. Other indications included percutaneous enteral gastrostomy (13.9%), gastrointestinal obstruction (7.6%), tracheoesophageal fistula (0.6%), and ingestion of corrosive substances (0.6%). Clinical findings were detected in 134 patients (85%), which included melena (35.8%), hematochezia (12.7%), hematemesis (9.7%), coffee ground vomiting (9.7%), blood in the nasogastric tube (8.2%), and other clinical findings (21.6%). The most common findings in endoscopy and colonoscopy procedures were gastric ulcer, erosive gastritis and duodenal ulcer. Endoscopic and colonoscopic therapeutic procedures were performed in 83 patients (52%), including cauterization (28.5%), band ligation (7%), sclerotherapy (4.4%), stent placement (3.8%), and other therapeutic procedures (8.9%). The 28-day mortality rate for patients was 47.5%, the 3-month mortality rate was 53.2%, and the 1-year mortality rate was 56.5%. The admission GCS score was significantly lower in patients who died in the ICU compared to those who survived (survived: 11.2±4.0; deceased: 7.6±3.4; p=0.016). Additionally, the admission APACHE II score (survived: 27.8±9.0; deceased: 39.7±5.5; p0.05), types of therapeutic procedures performed (p=0.776), and the status of repeated procedures in the ICU (p=0.346) were found to be similar to those in patients who survived
Comparative Assessment of Short- and Long-Term Effects of Triadimenol Fungicide on Danio rerio Erythrocytes Using the Micronucleus and Erythrocyte Nuclear Abnormality Assays
Full text linkTriadimenol is a systemic fungicide widely used in agriculture to manage plant diseases, especially fungal infections. This study aims to evaluate the short-term (24, 48, 72 and 96 h) and long-term (10, 20, and 30 days) genotoxic effects of different concentrations of triadimenol on zebrafish (Danio rerio) erythrocytes using micronucleus (MN) and erythrocyte nuclear abnormal (ENA) assay. Fish were treated with 1.5, 3, and 6 mg/L concentrations of triadimenol for short and long-term periods. After the treatment period, blood was collected with heparin syringe, smears were prepared, the preparations were fixed and stained. For MN assay in short-term treatments, statistically significant MN formation was found at all concentrations of triadimenol for 24 h treatment, at the highest triadimenol concentration for 48 h, at 1.5 and 3 mg/L concentrations for 72 h, and at 3 mg/L concentrations for 96 h, compared to the negative control. In long-term treatments, significant increases in MN formation were observed at all concentrations of triadimenol for 10 and 20 days of treatment compared to the negative control. Mortality occurred at 3 and 6 mg/L concentrations in the 30-day treatment. The most frequently detected abnormalities included echinocytes and binuclear cells. For ENA assay, abnormalities such as echinocytes, binuclear cells, segmented cells, and kidney-shaped nuclei were detected in fish erythrocytes treated with different concentrations of triadimenol. All concentrations of triadimenol caused an increase in the total abnormality level in Danio rerio erythrocytes at all treatment times. These increases were concentration dependent for both short-term and long-term treatments. In conclusion, this study emphasized the potential genotoxic risks of triadimenol fungicide for aquatic organisms in both short-term and long-term treatments and the need for further ecotoxicological evaluation
Examining the Impacts of Different Characteristics of Water on Coplanar Patch Antenna
Full text link7th International Congress on Human-Computer Interaction, Optimization and Robotic Applications-ICHORA, MAY 23-24, 2025, Ankara, TURKIYEAntennas are subjected to diverse environmental conditions during the transmission or reception of signals in the form of electromagnetic waves. While designed to function outdoors or in environments conducive to minimal signal attenuation, they may not always operate under such ideal circumstances. Factors such as rain induced water puddles impinging on the antenna's radiation pattern can lead to wave attenuation. Given that the conductivity enables the electric transfer of water is approximately 80 times more effective than that of air, it significantly reduces the velocity of electromagnetic waves. Consequently, such issues give rise to undesirable conditions in S_11, a critical parameter for antennas. This analysis encompasses the theoretical, simulation, and fabrication phases of a coplanar patch antenna. S_11 input reflection values were measured utilizing a Nano-VNA across various environments, including saltwater collected from the coastal area of a district (Black Sea) in Duzce, Turkiye; freshwater from the market designated for drinking purposes; mineral water; initially from a fountain source cited in literature as a remedy for kidney ailments by local inhabitants; and in an open-air setting. Signal attenuation values were compared at approximately 2.1 GHz frequency and its vicinity. Upon completion of the modelling, testing, and evaluation, it was observed water primarily contributed to signal attenuation, rendering the antenna non-functional.Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc,Ted UniversityDuzce University Scientific Research Projects Coordination Unit [2023.06.03.1441]The author Mehmet Duman thanks Duzce University Scientific Research Projects Coordination Unit for Grant 2023.06.03.1441
Spectroscopic and genotoxic assessment of Imazamox herbicide-induced alterations in the Allium cepa model system
Full text linkImazamox (IMA), an imidazolinone herbicide, is commonly used to control weeds in crops such as sunflower, beans, peas and chickpeas. In the current study, the effects of 24 h exposure to different IMA concentrations (125, 250, and 500 ppm) on Allium cepa root tips were investigated at molecular level using Attenuated Total Reflection-Fourier Transform Infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy and genotoxicity tests. The ATR-FTIR results indicated that all doses of IMA caused an increase in lipid peroxidation levels and a decrease in tissue metabolic activity, along with a decrease in protein, carbohydrate and nucleic acid content and an increase in saturated lipid content. In addition, IMA caused important structural modifications including shortened lipid chains, reduced membrane disorder and fluidity, increased carbonyl content and lipid to protein ratio. Principal component analysis (PCA) and Hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) confirmed these spectral alterations by effectively distinguishing control and IMA-treated groups across different doses. Genotoxicity assays further demonstrated that IMA induced various mitotic abnormalities, such as c-mitosis, irregular metaphase and micronuclei formation in A. cepa root tips. The observed structural and genotoxic changes were clearly dosedependent, with higher concentrations causing more severe effects. These findings highlight the potential risks associated with IMA exposure and suggest that more caution should be exercised in the use of this herbicide. Furthermore, the successful application of ATR-FTIR spectroscopy to detect herbicide-induced molecular changes suggests that this technique, combined with chemometrics and A. cepa as a bioindicator model system, offers a rapid and reliable biomonitoring tool to evaluate pesticide toxicity
The effect of core exercises on physical and motor characteristics of 10-12 age group badminton athletes
Full text linkBu çalışmanın amacı, badminton branşıyla ilgilenen lisanslı ve müsabık sporculara uygulanan (n: 16) 8 haftalık core egzersizlerinin fiziksel ve motorik özellikler üzerine olan etkisinin incelenmesidir. Çalışma 10-12 yaş grubu en az 3 yıldır badminton oynayan lisanslı sporculara uygulanmıştır. Çalışmaya katılmış olan toplam 18 sporcunun, 8 çalışma grubu, 10 kontrol grubu olarak rastgele seçilmiştir. Sporcular 8 hafta boyunca haftada iki gün iki saat temel badminton antrenmanlarına devam ederken, çalışma grubundaki sporculara her antrenmandan sonra 30-40 dakikalık core kuvveti çalışması yapılmıştır. Kontrol grubu ise sadece badminton antrenmanlarına devam etmiştir. Her iki gruba da antropometrik ölçümlerden; yaş, boy uzunluğu(cm), vücut ağırlığı(kg), oturma yüksekliği, kulaç uzunluğu, motorik ölçümlerden; patlayıcı kuvvet (dikey sıçrama, durarak uzun atlama), kavrama kuvveti, dayanıklılık (Shuttle-run mekik testi), sürat (20m sürat) ve esneklik (sit-reach otur-eriş) testleri uygulanmıştır. Araştırmada toplanan veriler, IBM Statistics (SSPS sürüm 24.0,) yazılımı kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir. Deney ve kontrol gruplarının karşılaştırılmasında Mann-Whitney U testi, grup içi ön ve son testler arasındaki karşılaştırmalarda Wilcoxon testi uygulanmıştır. Deney grubunun ilk ve son testleri karşılaştırıldığında boy, oturma yüksekliği, kulaç uzunluğu, dikey sıçrama, uzun atlama, kavrama güçleri, otur-eriş gibi parametrelerde anlamlı değişiklikler gözlemlenirken ağırlık, mekik ve yirmi metre koşusunda anlamlı bir fark bulunmamaktadır (p>0.05). Bu çerçevede, araştırma sonuçları, badminton sporcularında uyguladığımız core egzersizi ile kavrama kuvveti, dayanıklılık, sürat ve esneklik performansları arasında, hem ön test ve son test skorlarında hem de gruplar arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir fark bulunmazken patlayıcı kuvvet testi olan dikey sıçrama performansları arasında anlamlı fark tespit edilmiştir (p>0,05). Sonuç olarak core kuvvet ile badminton üzerinde yapılacak olan bilimsel çalışmalara katkı sağlayacağı ve bazı fiziksel parametreler üzerinde olumlu etkileri olduğu söylenebilir.The aim of this study is to examine the effect of an 8-week core exercise program on the physical and motor characteristics of licensed and competitive badminton athletes (n=16). The study was conducted with licensed athletes who are actively involved in badminton sports in the 10-12 age group. A total of 18 athletes participated in the study, with 8 assigned to the study group and 10 to the control group randomly. While all athletes continued their basic badminton training twice a week for two hours over the 8 weeks, the study group also performed 30-40 minutes of core strength exercises after each training session. The control group participated only in badminton training sessions. Both groups underwent anthropometric measurements, including age, height (cm), body weight (kg), sitting height, and arm span. Motor performance tests included explosive strength (vertical jump, standing long jump), grip strength, endurance (shuttle-run beep test), speed (20m sprint), and flexibility (sit-and-reach test). Data collected in the study were analyzed using IBM Statistics (SPSS version 24.0). Mann-Whitney U test was used to compare the experimental and control groups, and Wilcoxon test was used to compare pre- and post-tests within the group. While significant changes were observed in growth, sitting, stroke length, vertical separation, long jump, split characteristics, and splits such as sitting-reaching in the first and last tests of the group, there was no permanent difference in weight, shuttle and twenty-meter run (p>0.05). In this context, the research results showed that there was no statistically significant difference between the core exercise we applied to badminton athletes in terms of grip strength, endurance, speed and flexibility performances, both in pre-test and post-test scores and between the groups, while a significant difference was found between the vertical jump performances, which is an explosive strength test (p>0.05). As a result, it can be said that core strength will contribute to scientific studies to be conducted on badminton and that it has positive effects on some physical parameters
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Effects of Indole-3-Butyric Acid Application on Rooting and Vegetative Development in Hardwood Cuttings of Pterocarya fraxinifolia (Poiret) Spach
Full text linkEffects of different concentrations of indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) were studied relative to the rooting success, morphological development, and biomass characteristics of hardwood cuttings of Pterocarya fraxinifolia (Poiret) Spach collected from Diizce, Tiirkiye. Using a factorial design involving two cutting thickness classes and six IBA concentrations, the rooting percentage, number of roots per rooted cutting, shoot length, shoot diameter, number of shoots, fresh and dry shoot weight, and fresh and dry root weights were analyzed. The interaction between IBA concentration and cutting thickness played an important role in the vegetative propagation of Pterocatya fraxinifolia cuttings, especially in terms of rooting success, morphological characteristics, and biomass development. In particular, 1000 ppm and 2000 ppm IBA treatments yielded the most balanced and effective results in terms of rooting, shoot and root development, and biomass production. Although the 8000-ppm dose increased shoot biomass, it suppressed root development, indicating a potential phytotoxic effect at high concentrations. Principal component analysis also supported these findings and showed that 1000 ppm and 2000 ppm IBA doses provided homogeneous and healthy development. The results obtained emphasize that the optimal IBA dose should be carefully selected for the sustainable vegetative propagation; especially applications in the range of 1000 to 2000 ppm can provide important contributions to the propagation and conservation of the species.Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkiye (Tubitak) [119O027]We would like to thank the Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkiye (Tubitak) for supporting this study within the scope of the 1002 Rapid Support Program (Project no: 119O027)
In Vitro Genotoxic and Cytotoxic Evaluation of Phenoxyethanol in Human Lymphocytes: A Commonly Used Preservative in Cosmetics
Full text linkPhenoxyethanol is widely used as a preservative in many cosmetic products and is considered to be safe. although there are some toxicity studies on phenoxyethanol, no detailed research evaluating its genotoxicity in human lymphocytes is available in the literature. This study aims to assess phenoxyethanol ' s cytotoxic and genotoxic profiles in human peripheral blood lymphocytes. For evaluation of genotoxic and cytotoxic effects of phenoxyethanol, chromosomal aberration (CA) and micronucleus (MN) tests were applied In both tests, lymphocyte cultures were treated with three concentrations (50, 25, 12.5 mu g/mL) of phenoxyethanol and control groups (solvent, positive and negative controls). When examining the results of the chromosomal aberration test (CA) and the micronucleus test (MN), no significant differences were observed between the solvent control group and the application concentrations in either test. For the evaluation of cytotoxicity, mitotic index results showed a significant decrease at higher doses (50 and 25 mu g/mL) compared to the solvent control. In conclusion, phenoxyethanol did not exhibit genotoxic effects (clastogenic and aneugenic) on human peripheral lymphocyte cells at the applied doses, although it did show a slight cytotoxic effect.Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkiye (TUBITAK) [1919B012304729]This study was financially supported by the Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkiye (TUBITAK, Project number: 1919B012304729)
Synthesis, dielectric and thermal performance of PVA nanocomposites with cadmium-based quantum dots
Full text linkHybrid polymer structures formed with semiconductor quantum dots that are doped into the polymer matrix and whose optical properties can be adjusted have attracted attention with their high usage potential in electronic applications in recent years. In this study, three types of Cd-based QD (CdX (X=Se, Te, SeTe)) were used to strengthen the poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA) matrix and increase its optical properties. Optical, conductivity and thermal characterizations ofPVA/3 different Cd-based QDs CdSe QD-PVA nanocomposites structures were evaluated comparatively. With the addition of QDs, it was observed that the PVA / QDs nanocomposites structure exhibits fluorescence properties. Hybridization structures in PVA/QDs nanocomposites structures were illuminated by FT-IR spectrum. In addition, it was determined that the thermal stability of hybrid polymer structures increased between 7-9% and the melting point of PVA/QDs hybrid polymers increased by 5-7 degrees C which was analyzed by DSC. The highest thermal stability and melting point increases were observed in PVA/CdSeTe QDs hybrid structures. With the addition of CdSe QDs and CdTe QDs into the PVA matrix, the conductivity value of the hybrid polymer structure increased 100 times, while the addition of CdSeTe QDs increased the conductivity by 1000 times. Similarly, in dielectric constant and dielectric loss tests, it was determined that PVA/ CdSeTe QDs hybrid polymer structures are more successful than both types due to the synergic effect
Characteristics of cement-based thermo-concretes containing capric acid impregnated hemp for thermal energy storage and sound isolation in buildings
Full text linkEnhancing the lightweight structure, insulation, and thermal storage capacity of concrete is critical for energy efficiency and environmental impact reduction. The innovative application of using waste hemp shives as a phase change material (PCM) carrier in cementitious composites was performed in this study to enhance sustainable construction practices. Although previous studies have incorporated lightweight aggregates and PCMs, challenges such as PCM leakage and the reliance on synthetic materials have limited their effectiveness. This study utilized waste hemp shives as a natural porous support for capric acid (CA) PCM in diatomite-based lightweight concrete, offering an eco-friendly and leakage-resistant solution with improved thermal and acoustic performance. No leakage was observed in shape-stabilized hemp/CA composites with 45 wt% CA. The melting and solidification temperatures were determined as 30.6 degrees C and 28.7 degrees C, with corresponding enthalpy values of 80.9 and 80.8 J/g, respectively. Concrete composites containing hemp/PCM reduced indoor temperatures by up to 4 degrees C compared to control samples. Moreover, composites with 30 % hemp/PCM content achieved sound absorption coefficients up to 0.6 and transmission loss values exceeding 24 dB, demonstrating their dual functionality for thermal energy conservation and acoustic comfort in building applications