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Decision-making involvement and quality of life in people with dementia: the mediating role of psychological needs
No full textObjectives: Decision-making involvement is important for maintaining a sense of self and quality of life in people with dementia. To date, few studies have explored the factors behind this relationship. We explored whether decision-making benefits quality of life by enabling fulfilment of basic psychological needs: autonomy, competence, and relatedness.
Method: We analysed one-year longitudinal data from 787 people recently diagnosed with dementia from the DETERMIND cohort. Path analysis examined cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between decision-making involvement and quality of life. Parallel mediation analysis tested whether psychological needs explained this relationship. Cognitive impairment was tested as a moderator of longitudinal associations. Results: At baseline, decision-making involvement was positively associated with quality of life, fully mediated by satisfaction of all three psychological needs. Despite declines in cognitive function, decision-making involvement remained high and quality of life stable over one year. No significant longitudinal associations were found between decision-making involvement and quality of life. Conclusion: Decision-making involvement may support quality of life through psychological needs fulfilment. Stability in decision-making and quality of life suggests resilience among people with dementia in early stages. Supporting psychological needs through tailored interventions and decision-aid tools may have the potential to enhance quality of life as dementia progresses
CSR, firm financial performance and corporate life cycle: Empirical evidence from China’s pharmaceutical industry
No full textThis paper examines the relationship between corporate social responsibility (CSR) performance and firm financial performance (FFP) across corporate life cycle (CLC) stages and different stakeholder groups for 210 Chinese pharmaceutical firms for the 2010–2018 period. The study employs a wide range of econometric models such as pooled ordinary least squares (OLS), fixed effects and random effects models using four different estimators to address endogeneity. Our findings indicate a strong association between CSR and FFP, particularly for shareholders. We observe a positive and significant relationship between overall CSR performance (inclusive of all stakeholders' responsibility) and FFP across all CLC stages when return on equity (ROE) and return on assets (ROA) are applied. Also, we find that state-owned firms exhibit better CSR performance but are less efficient in terms of market and financial performance. The results of this study can inform and guide managers and investors on the effect of CLC stages and different stakeholders on firm performance
Cultivating Intention to Stay: A Cross-Cultural Exploration of Leadership and Ethical Climates in Hotel Industry
No full textThe independent hotel sector struggles with employee retention amid competition from larger chains. This study explores how leadership styles Transformational/Transactional) influence retention intentions through Ethical Climate, Balanced Organizational Culture, and Organizational Commitment, comparing the UK
and Spain. Grounded in Social Exchange Theory (SET), we analyze 962 employee responses using structural equation modelling. Results show Balanced Organizational
Culture is the strongest mediator between leadership and retention. Cultural differences moderate these effects: Transformational Leadership suits the UK’s reciprocal loyalty norms, while Transactional Leadership aligns with Spain’s structured expectations. SET explains these dynamics, as UK employees reciprocate transformational behaviors with commitment, whereas Spanish employees respond to
transactional exchanges. The findings help independent hotels tailor leadership strategies to reduce turnover
The notion of Guardianship within the oeuvre of W. G. Sebald
No full textThis thesis investigates the concept of guardianship, a new notion belonging to the academic discipline of Memory Studies, and its relation to the work of German academic and writer W. G. Sebald (1944-2001). Guardianship is concerned with how memory is interpreted across space and time and how this transmission affects specific characters within Sebald’s literary oeuvre, namely his four prose narratives: Vertigo (1990), The Emigrants (1992), The Rings of Saturn (1995), and Austerlitz (2001).
By examining the concept through different theoretical lenses, and considering existing Sebald scholarship relevant to specific areas of interest, the aim of the thesis is to uncover how characters within Sebald’s prose oeuvre deal with the memories they encounter and the sense of responsibility they feel towards the preservation of these acts of remembrance. This thesis will also highlight the fluidity of the concept of guardianship and how, like memory, it changes and adapts in different situations and for different characters affected. The intention of the research is to show that guardianship can also be used as a conceptual framework away from the study of Sebald’s oeuvre and adapted to other academic studies within the discipline of Memory Studies
Board risk committees and audit report lag
No full textWe examine whether and how the presence of a standalone risk management committee (RMC) on a client firm's board of directors is associated with audit report lag (ARL). Analyzing data from firms listed on the Australian Securities Exchange, over the period 2004–2020, we find that firms with a standalone RMC are associated with shorter ARL. This association remains robust after addressing potential firm and year fixed effects and selection bias. Using a sub-sample of firms with a standalone RMC, we examine how RMC characteristics affect ARL. We find that RMC size and overall committee independence are positively associated with ARL, while RMC diligence and RMC Chair independence are inversely associated with it. Overall, the findings underscore that the presence, structure, and functioning of RMCs play a critical role in shaping auditors' assessments and, ultimately, the timeliness of financial reporting
Pathways to Global Worker Representation: Three Case Studies in the Metalworking Sector
No full textForms of labour representation have emerged over recent years that help constrain the global mobility of capital and the strategies of multinational companies (MNCs). This article focuses on one set of developments at company level: forms of voluntary regulation which we refer to as global worker bodies. It analyses the steps taken within three MNCs to establish their global worker bodies: a World Union Council, a Global Union Network and a World Works Council. We apply a regulatory space framework to explore how each MNC set up its global body and followed a distinct pathway that was determined by a unique configuration of factors at different levels. These involved the role of legislation, mandated negotiation, voluntarist negotiation and voluntarism in ‘domains’ at each level. Our research contributes to the literature on global regulatory space by providing a more nuanced understanding of the role of global worker bodies in this context
Tourism and the Metropolis: Exploring Conceptual and Geographical Frontiers
No full textThe growing role and relevance of tourism in cities – and of cities in tourism – has in recent decades emerged as a topic of great interest to scholars across many social sciences disciplines. Yet, while urban tourism research has flourished, various issues relating to tourism in metropolitan contexts are in need of greater scholarly engagement.
What forms does tourism take in today’s metropolises and metropolitan regions? How do these forms differ from tourism in other urban contexts? Are these differences significant enough to warrant the classification of ‘metropolitan tourism’ as a distinct type of urban tourism? What are their implications for policy and planning processes? How do policy and planning processes in different metropolises and metropolitan regions differ from each other, and what can they learn from each other? And finally, how could tourism in these regions be made more sustainable, resilient, and inclusive?
Given the importance of tourism as a leading economic and social force of the 21st century, and major metropolises and metropolitan regions as contemporary engines of economic development, innovation, and change, it is surprising how little systematic attention is paid to tourism in metropolitan contexts. This book aims to fill these gaps