Soka University Repository / 創価大学機関リポジトリ
Not a member yet
5862 research outputs found
Sort by
War and Peace in Islam and Buddhism
Get PDFThis paper compares war and peace in Islam and Buddhism and outlines
the differences and similarities. Specifically, Chapter discusses war and
peace in Islam, including the Quran’s view of war and peace, the concept
of jihad, the problem of apostasy, and recent new flexible interpretations.
Chapter 2 examines war and peace in Buddhism, the problems of Buddhism and Nichiren’s view of war and peace. Chapter 3 researches the history of interaction and the differences and similarities between Islam and Buddhism.departmental bulletin pape
Reprint of Precedents of Various Feudal Lords（ Daimyo 大名）〔Shokereiso 諸家例叢〕 Transcribed by Goro Ebata（ 江幡五郞）: Two-Volume Books（ 12）
Get PDFdepartmental bulletin pape
Development of novel functional inhibitor for mitotic kinesin Eg5 as a target cancer therapy
Get PDF創価大学博士（工学）Kinesin is a motor protein that plays an important role in animal and plant cells. It hydrolyzes ATP and moves along microtubules. It means that motor proteins are extremely fine machines that can efficiently convert the chemical energy produced by ATP hydrolysis into mechanical energy. In fact, martin et.al. (2007) propose that motor proteins could be applied to various fields as ‘’ nanomachines’’. Eg5 belongs to the motor protein. It involves in the transport of the endoplasmic reticulum and organelles, and the transport of neurotransmitters from nerve bodies to synaptic terminals in nerve axons. It also plays a crucial role in mitotic cell division for the formation of the bipolar spindle in the eukaryotic cell division. Therefore, it has been suggested that mitotic kinesin Eg5 is considered a potential target for cancer therapy.
The various functions of Eg5 are proposed in equivalent polymorphisms in the key kinesin structural elements. One of the functional elements of Eg5 is referred to as Loop 5(L5). Especially, L5 of Eg5 has a very long structure unlike other kinesins and acts as the target for binding of small molecular inhibitors. For the application of Eg5 motor proteins as nanomachines, it is essential to artificially control the mechanical structure that changes with external stimulation. Some of the results have continued for the development of inhibitors for Eg5. Interestingly, several small-molecule compounds (such as monastrol, S-Triyl-L-Cysteine (STLC), Ispinesib, and so on) have been shown the Eg5 inhibitory activity. They are binding to the same druggable Eg5 allosteric pocket, which is composed of Loop L5, α2, and α3. However, they showed structural diversity and control the activity of Eg5 unidirectionally or irreversibly. They could not be applied as nanodevice to control the functional activity of Eg5 reversibly. Therefore, switching is required to control Eg5 activity reversibly not only in general but also in functional.
To do that, I focused on chromism. Chromism refers to a phenomenon in which the optical properties (color, fluorescence, etc.) of a substance are reversibly changed by external stimulation such as heat, pH, light, and so on. A substance that exhibits chromism is called a chromic substance (or chromic material). First, it is suggested that heat could work as a switching like as- high, low, and room temperature. However, in this study, I have used a protein that is highly sensitive to high temperatures. Therefore, thermal is not an appropriate technique for switching. Subsequently, I focused on the development of switching with different pH like as- acidic, alkaline, and neutral pH. Unfortunately, both the acidic and alkaline pH is harmful to the general structure of the protein. Hence, pH could not be applicable for working as a switching. Finally, I focused on light for the establishment of switching. It has been well known that photochromic compounds show light sensitivity. Photochromic compounds are those compounds that show their structural and functional changes depends upon the light irritation. There are two types of mechanisms observed for returning to their original states. A mechanism that returns by irradiating light with a different wavelength, it’s called P-type such as diarylethene and fulgide. Another one, a mechanism that returns by heat, it’s called T-type such as spiropyran, azobenzene, and stilbenes.
Interestingly, some of the photochromic compounds showed structural similarity with well-known potent Eg5 inhibitors such as spiropyran. Sadakane, et.al, designed and synthesized a novel photochromic Eg5 inhibitor composed of double photochromic compounds, spiropyran, and azobenzene. The inhibitor displayed two isomerization states and controlled Eg5 activity. Generally, one photochromic compound shows two isomerization states. Theoretically, coupling of two different photochromic compounds could show multiple isomerization states which would be effective to establish photo switching precisely. In our laboratory, photo switching has been using as a well-established technique to control protein activity for the last two decades. I focused on obtaining novel inhibitors from synthetic or natural sources and then react with photochromic compounds. The most changeling task is designing of photochromic inhibitor for controlling Eg5 activity in multiple stages. In this study, I demonstrated to develop a novel Eg5 inhibitor which has two parts, such as- one is regulatory part, and another is inhibitory part to control Eg5 function in multiple states like strongly, weakly and mediumly.
Firstly, to achieve that, I designed and combined two different photochromic compounds such as spiropyran and azobenzene to make regulatory part and it displayed inhibitory effect in multiple states. Interestingly, merely the regulatory part exhibited control action on Eg5. Secondly, I focused on to discover a new and potent Eg5 inhibitor from natural sources for the inhibitory part. Eg5 inhibitor from natural sources that I utilized in this research is Kolaroflavon and which exhibited effective control action for Eg5. In the future, that could be formed multiple states with photochromic compounds (e.g- STLC- Azobenzene derivatives, Ishikawa et.al). The aim of the study, the formation of multiple states have the clinical significance for the treatment of cancer patients. The inhibitory activity of drugs could be controlled precisely, in terms of high dosage, low dosage, or medium dosage, considering the patient’s condition.doctoral thesi
Changes in Precipitation Pattern and Rice Production —Scenario Analysis of Climate Change on Sri Lankan Economy with Applied General Equilibrium Model
Get PDFdepartmental bulletin pape
A Trial of Formative arts Activities in an Online Learning Environment and Its Effects
Get PDFDue to the spread of COVID-19, it became necessary to conduct online classes via Zoom for subjects involving practical training in the art field. I examined the contents of the practical training, related preparations, and teaching methods, aiming to guarantee the same quality as face-to-face classes in all the subjects I was in charge of. Through trial and error, I implemented learning activities with practical training as online classes.
At the end of the semester, I conducted a questionnaire survey in some class to confirm the effectiveness of the online classes. As a result, the overall response was generally positive. In particular, the students responded positively to the fact that they were able to acquire experiential knowledge of various matters through the five senses in the process of formative arts activities. The result reveals that the online class had the same effect as the face-to-face class. However, it also brought to light issues such as how to communicate the content of the class, and provided an opportunity to improve the class.departmental bulletin pape
A Study of Inclusive Elementary Education in South Korea: Current Situation and Issues
Get PDFThe purpose of this study was to clarify the current status and issues of inclusive education in elementary education in Korea. In elementary education, there are three types of special education institutions for children with disabilities: special schools, special classes in general schools, and general classes in general schools. Also, all three institutions keep expanding every year. Among these three facilities, the number of children with disabilities enrolled in special classes is the largest, suggesting that the role of special classes is becoming more important. However, since special classes are required to cooperate with general class teachers, there may be issues in cooperation among teachers in inclusive education. In addition, it can be considered that the opinions of parents have a significant impact on the placement of special education subjects in special education institutions. In particular, the experience of inclusive childcare and education in infancy is likely to have a significant impact on the decision of parents of children with disabilities to choose an elementary school for their own children. Therefore, in the future, we would like to conduct an interview survey of parents who have experience with inclusive childcare in infancy and inclusive education in general schools to further examine their experiences with inclusive childcare and education before and after entering elementary school.departmental bulletin pape
